Morphology and

Allomorphs

Eva Nabila
Muhammad Reza
Noor Hasanah
 Morpheme

A morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning we have – that is, the smallest piece of a word
that contributes meaning to a word. Example The word trainings has 3 morphemes in it:
train-ing-s
.For example, linguists say that the word buyers is made up of three morphemes {buy}+
{er}+{s}. The evidence for this is that each can occur in other combinations of
morphemes without changing its meaning. We can find {buy} in buying, buys, and {er}
in seller, fisher, as well as buyer. And {s} can be found in boys, girls, and dogs.

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 Morpheme
FREE MORPHEME
• A free morpheme is one that can stand by itself as a
single word. In other words, it can exist independently
without any obligatory association with other
morphemes. Examples include: open, boy, door, team,
dance, teach, house, look, break, sad, come, when, if,
to, for, teach, say, me, you, girl, car, native, name, cook ,
etc.
BOUND MORPHEME
• They are morphemes that cannot stand alone, that is,
they cannot exist independently without being joined or
added to another morpheme. Examples include: -ish, -
ness, -ation, -tion, -ism, -al, -er, -s, -en, -ed, etc.
• When you look at the following words, they are
combinations of both free and bound morphemes:
foolishness, bookish, naturalisation, farmer, does,
bags, taken, expected, etc.
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 FREE MORPHEME
LEXICAL MORPHEME
• lexical morphemes are content words. A content
word is a word that is semantically meaningful;
a word that has dictionary meaning. Examples
of these words are nouns : Chair, Cat
• Adjectives : Brave, Nice, Difficult
• verbs : Read, Run, Swim
• Adverbs : Soon, Very, Never
FUNCTIONAL MORPHEME
• Functional morphemes are free morphemes that
act as connectors or linkers in a sentence. Those
classified as functional morphemes include
• Prepositions : At, On, By, In, from
• Pronouns : I, You, She, He, It, They, We, Her,
Him, Me
• Conjunctions : And, But, Either, Or, As
• Articles : A, an, The
• Demonstratives : This,That, These, Those
• Interjections : Ah!, Wow!, Oh!
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 ALLOMORPHS
• An allomorph is a phonetic variant form of a morpheme.
Sometimes morphemes change their sound or their
spelling but not their meaning. Each of these different
forms is classed as an allomorph, which is a different
form of the same morpheme that is used in different
contexts or positions. For example, the plural morpheme
'-s' in English has three allomorphs: /s/, /z/, and /ɪz/, as in
'cats', 'dogs', and 'buses

ADD A FOOTER
ALLOMORPHS
-ALLOMORPHS VARIAN

-THE FOUR PART OF SPEECH

• NOUN
• VERBS
• ADJECTIVES
• ADVERBS.