252M105 Well Control Equipment en L1 2009

252M105 Well Control Equipment
Well Services Training Center
1 CTS Training – Excellence in

Execution April 2009
•© 2006 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
•An asterisk is used throughout this presentation to denote a mark

of Schlumberger. Other company, product, and service names are
the properties of their respective owners.

Outline
• Training Objectives
• Well Control Equipment
• The Stripper
• The BOP
• Downhole Check Valves
• Wellhead connections
• Summary

Training Objectives
• Define and list the well control equipment.
• Define and list the different types of BOPs, Strippers,
DHCVs and Wellhead connections.
• List the components of BOPs, Strippers, DHCVs and
Wellhead connections.
• Describe the hydraulic circuit of the BOPs and
Stripper.

Barriers
•WELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT
• STRIPPER ASSEMBLY : ( PRIMARY BARRIER )
• Conventional
• Side door
• Tandem ( conventional or side door)
• BLOW OUT PREVENTER :
• Quad BOP ( SECONDARY BARRIER )
• Combi BOP ( SECONDARY BARRIER )
• Shear Seal BOP ( TERTIARY BARRIER )
• Annular BOP (ABOP) ( TERTIARY BARRIER )

Well Control Equipment
The well control equipment
provides pressure control in
a live well operation
 Stripper assembly
 Blow out preventers
 Downhole check valves
•
 Wellhead connections

The Stripper
 Function.
 Types.
 Components.

What is the Stripper?
• Primary well control barrier.

• Dynamic seal around the CT against the WHP.
• The seal is obtained by energizing the stripper
inserts.

Stripper Assembly Specifications
• The size depends on the bore ID (2.5”, 3.06”, 4.06” or
higher).
• Dressed for a specific size of CT OD.
• Hydraulic actuated (0 – 5,000psi).
• 10 or 15 Kpsi working pressure.
• H2S NACE MR 01-75.
• Connections.
• Flanged or Box Collar at top.
• Flanged or Pin Collar at bottom.
Stripper Components
• Body.
• Energizer.
• Stripper inserts or stripper
packers.
• Lower and upper
bushings.
• Non extrusion ring.
Insert Materials
• Characterized by their wear, temperature & chemical resistance.
• Urethane (200°F)
• Nitrile (350°F)
• Viton (400°F, H2S…)
• EPDM (500°F)
• Packing life depends on:
• Hydraulic pressure.
• Lubrication. HPHT stripper insert
• Bushings condition.
http://www.benoil.com
The Brass Bushings
• Avoid contact friction between
the CT and the Stripper body.
• Minimize CT abrasion.
• Guide the CT while stabbing.
• Decrease chance of generating Split
sparks.
• Help prevent the extrusion of
the inserts.
Integral

Stripper Types
• Conventional assembly.
• Side door assembly.
• Tandem assembly.
• Sidewinder.
• Radial.
• Over/under.

Conventional Stripper Specifications
• WHP acts on the

interior section of the
packing and helps seal
(less pressure to pack).

Side Door Stripper Advantages
• Easier access to the packing
assembly.
• Extended brass.
• Depending on the position
of the piston, the WHP will
either
• Help packing.
• Have to be overcome
before packing off.

Sidewinder Stripper
• Reduce overall stack height by 50% (over side door).
• The stripper elements are energized from the side
• Retractable packers and bushings – full bore capability
which enables a relatively large insert to be used.
• Easy packer, bushing change: Hydraulic pressure is used to
back the actuator and packer out of body
• Normally used as tandem (secondary).

Radial Stripper
• Has been replaced by the sidewinder.
• Disadvantage : ID restricted by bushings

“Over/Under”Stripper

Anti-Buckling Guide

Anti-Buckling Guide

Stripper Drive System
• Main drive system: Haskell “air-over-hydraulic” pump.
• Back up:
• Haskell hand pump.
• Rucker pump (manual).
• Quick Pack / Retract from Priority Circuit
• Stripper System Pressure: 5000 psi max

Stripper Controls

The Stripper System

Stripper – Quick Pack/Retract

BOPs
•Function.
•Components.
•Types.

What is a BOP?
• Secondary well control barrier.
• Isolating the wellbore pressure during emergency.
• Provide a means of holding the CT.

Blowout Preventers Specifications
• The size depends on the bore ID • Types:
(3.06”, 4.06” or higher). • Quad.
• Dressed for a specific size of CT OD. • Combi.
• Rating: 10,000 or 15,000psi working • Shear-seal.
pressure. • Single.
• Hydraulic circuit: 1,500– 3,000psi. • Annular BOP
• The CT must be stationary when (ABOP).
using any of the BOP functions.

The Quad Bop
• Typically BOP’s are equipped
with four set of rams:
• Blinds (no CT in the BOP body).
• Shear Rams (close on and cut
through the CT).
• Slip Rams (close on and hold the
CT).
• Pipe Rams (close on and seal around
the CT with the CT in place).

Quad BOP Components

Ram Components
Weep Hole

Pressure Sealing Rams: Blind and Pipe
Rams
• BlindBlind
Rams rams, which
seals the entire wellbore (no
CT inside).
• Blind ram body
• Blind ram front seal insert.
• Rear seal in body rams.
• Seal rubber material.
• Only holds pressure in one
direction.
Pipe Rams
Pipe Rams seals around the CT

(annulus between CT and wellbore)
 Pipe ram body
 Pipe ram front seal inserts.
 Rear seal in body rams.
 Seal rubber material.
 Only holds pressure in one
direction.

Equalizing Valves
Function and Description
• Equalize pressure
across blind/pipe rams
• Avoids damaging seal
face while opening ram
• Hydraulics unable to
overcome additional
ram closing force at
high WHP

Mechanical Function Ram – Slip Ram
• Hold the CT string against
downward and upward
forces
• Teeth marks and damage
on CT surface
• New developments to
minimize damage

Ram Assembly - “Ram-to-Rod”
ACTUATOR ROD
RAM BODY

Actuator Assembly - Cutaway
HYDRAULIC
CLOSING
PASSAGES DRILLED RETAINER ELBOW
ADAPTER TUBE
THROUGH BONNET
SET SCREW &
WOODRUFF HEX
KEY INDICATOR
RETAINER
ACTUATOR
ROD
SLEEVE RETAINER
NUT BEARING
SEAL PISTON PISTON
CYLINDER ASSEMBLY
GUIDE ROD KEY
NUT STEM
SEAL PISTON
BONNET RETAINER HYDRAULIC
CAP

BOP Weep Hole

Mechanical Function Ram – Shear Ram
• Two different ram bodies
(right and left)
• Care needed when
assembling shear rams
• Lower ram efficiency at high
WHP
• Hydraulic system
pressure and booster
cylinders
• New shear blade design
Hydraulic Actuators and Boosters
• Hydraulic pressure rating: 3,000psi
• SLB operation: 1500 - 2700psi
• Booster needed when not enough force available to cut
thick CT at high WHP
• Boost cylinders:
• Available only 2.5” and 3.06” BOP
• Not needed for 4.06” BOP (unless using 2 7/8” –
unlikely)

Actuator Booster

3.06” BOP Shear Ram Performance
BOP HYDRAULIC PRESSURE
WHP WHP WHP BOOSTER FORCE
OD WALL BLADE 0 psi 5k psi 10k psi 10K WHP (lbf)
1.25 0.087 OLD 2000 2556 3111 1069 14,138

1.25 0.087 NEW 1500 20056 2611 897 10,604
1.25 0.087 NEW 1600 2156 2711 932 11,310
1.25 0.087 NEW 1800 2356 2911 100 12,724
1.25 0.109 NEW 1500 2056 2611 897 10,604
1.25 0.109 NEW 1400 1956 2511 863 9897
1.25 0.109 NEW 900 1456 2011 691 6362
1.5 0.095 OLD 2700 3256 3811 1310 19,086
1.5 0.095 NEW 1700 2256 2811 966 12,017
1.5 0.156 OLD 4250 4806 5361 1842 30,043
1.5 0.156 NEW 3200 3756 4311 1481 22,621

Combination Preventers “Combis”
• Advantages
• Lower overall height
•Stronger arms
• Disadvantages
• Less flexible operation
• Difficulty to pump
through crimped CT Shear/Seal
Rams
Pipe/Slip
Rams

Combi “Slip/Pipe” Rams

Combi “Blind/Shear” Rams

Shear Seal BOP
• Shear Seal BOPs are used as tertiary barrier and
only operated as last resort.
• They are mounted on the top of the well head.

Annular BOP
• Ability to seal on irregular shapes
SEAL ELEMENT
RETRACT
PACK OFF
DWL0194 23 0797

Dual Combi Slide-Lok BOP
 Designed by National Oilwell
(NOI)
 4.06” I.D. for 10K, H2S service.
 Slide-Lok design allows fast
removal of the actuator cylinder
for ram seal replacement

The BOP Drive System
 Main drive system: BOP hydraulic system, 3000 psi max.

Hydraulic Accumulator
• Storage of hydraulic fluid

under pressure
• Energy available function of
• N2 Pre-charge
• Higher PCP-> less volume -
> Higher force available
• Volume of bladder:
• Higher Vol -> less volume -
> Less fluid available

BOP Back up Drive System
• Back-up drive system
for the BOP and Injector
head traction skates:
• Haskell air-over-
hydraulic system.
• Haskell hand pump.
• Rucker pumps (manual).

Back up/ Emergency
Traction Pressure
Allow stripper pressure
to increase & supply to
traction circuit
Insure traction pressure
adjust applied
Back up/ Emergency

BOP Pressure
Allow stripper pressure
to increase & supply to
BOP circuit

Downhole Check Valves - BHA
• Function: Prevents uncontrolled of fluids from the
well bore in case of CT pipe failure
• Types of check valve
• Ball and Seat
• Dart and Seat
• Flapper

Top connection
Downhole Check Valves for tandem check
valve or CT
connector
Ball and Seat
Seat
 Features Ball
– Spring Loaded or not Castellated seat
to allow fluid to bypass
– Ball: Metal or rubber coated Bottom connection
 Disadvantages SLB standard
thread or similar
– Bore obstruction to plugs or
balls
– Can get plugged by solids
– Spring attacked by H2S Seat
Castellated
Dart and Seat dome as an
 Similar to ball and seat model alternative to a
ball

Downhole Check Valves
Flapper Check Valve
 The recommended one, Integral or cartridge
 Almost fullbore restriction to plugs or balls
‘O’ Ring
Seat Removable
Cartridge
Flapper containing
flapper
and seat

TOT Hydraconn Quick Connector
• Hazards while Stabbing the Injector Head
onto the BOP
• Pinch Points – WC: Hand Injury
• Damaged Seals – WC: NP
• TOT is the only manufacturer of CT
injector head Hydraulic Quick Connectors
that are approved for purchase by
Schlumberger WS.
• Must be ordered to match the union
configuration of the CA adapter flange on
top of the BOP

Risers and Lubricators
• Lubricator
• Allows tools to be conveyed under pressure
• Normally have pin-collar connections
• Between BOP and injector
• Risers
• Normally have flanged ends
• Used most in fixed platforms
• Installed between wellhead and CT BOP

Connections and Crossovers
• Pin and collar unions
• CB Bowen
• CQ TOT
• CO OTIS
• API Flanges
• Open flanges - API 6B flange
• Close face - API 6BX flange

Pin - Collar unions
• Connection between Thread
BOP and Injector Head OD
Sealbore
• Assy. Type: Diameter
• BOWEN (CB) Pin Assy. Mating Shoulders
• TOT (CQ) Seating

• OTIS (CO) etc. Shoulder
Collar Nut
• Thread OD Seals
Threads
• Thread type & pitch
Box Assy.
In general Acme 4 TPPI
• Seal Bore
Nominal
• Nominal ID ID

Bowen Style Union
Backup and
Nonextrusion Ring
O-ring

Bowen Style Unions
CB34 – ID 3.06”
CB44 – ID 4.06”
CB54 – ID 5.06”
Used in TOT BOPs,
Strippers

Texas Oil Tool (TOT) Style Union
Lip seal on box

of union.
Reduced Pin OD
(For easier
stabbing.)

Halliburton “OTIS” Style Union
Beveled Shoulders
Backup Ring
(some versions)
O-ring

Flange Types
Standoff Close Face
R or RX Ring BX Ring
API 6B Flange API 6BX Flange

Gasket Types
R Ring Gaskets – oval or octagonal in cross section.
Pressure
Passage
RX Ring Gasket – asymmetric, BX Ring Gasket – octagonal,

Only some have a pressure port all sizes are machined with a
passage machined pressure port passage

API Flange Identification
• ID and rating given by dimensions
Ring groove
Raised Face with 23° sides. Bolt Circle
Back Radius Bolt Hole

Pitch
Flange Hub

Critical Dimensions

Flange make up
Only approved torque wrenches should be used.
Hammer-type wrenches are not allowed as per WS SS 5.
Pressure equipment sizes with their associated bolt / nut sizes

and proper make up wrenches
The HP CT bolt tension system
consists of a load-indicating
washer with raised profiles used
in conjunction with a specially
hardened backup washer

Summary
 Define and list the well control equipment.
 Define and list the different types of BOPs, Strippers,
DHCVs and Wellhead connections.
 List the components of BOPs, Strippers, DHCVs and
Wellhead connections.
 List Describe the hydraulic circuit of the BOPs and
Stripper.

Reference Page Links
• InTouch : 3380350 CT Pressure Control Equipment References
• InTouch # 2044336
• http://www.nov.com/Frame.aspx?id=tot
• slbcoil
• slb100
• InTouch: Coiled Tubing Services: Service Improvement Plan-
Refurbishing of pressure control equipment

Side Door Deployment Window :

CT Cutters
• Three models are currently available for shearing up to 3.50" OD tubing

• Hydraulically operated cutter comes in a configuration as light as 42 lbs for
easy handling.
• Generates over 60,000 lbs of force
• Requires only one hydraulic hose connection
• Air spring returns the blades to the full open position when hydraulic
pressure is vented
HW Exercise
• Which are the forces available to shear the coiled tubing with the normal
BOP ram and with a booster equipped ram:
• a. Without Booster
• Hydraulic Ram : 3” diam, Area = 7.069 sq.in.
• Piston Rod : 1” diam, Area = 0.7854 sq.in.
• Well head pressure : 3500 psi
• Force = 3500 psi x 0.7854 sqin = 2.749 lbf on piston rod
• So, to start moving the Ram: 2,749 lbf/ 7.069 sq.in = 389psi from the hydraulic
circuit is necessary
• If hydraulic pressure in BOP is set to 2,000 psi:
• 2,000 psi - 389psi = 1,611 psi is available to act on the shear blade.
• The force is then: 1,611 psi x 7.0669 sq in = 11,388 lbf

Example (continued)
• b. With booster cylinder:
• Booster piston rod : 1.375” diam, Area = 1.485 sqin
• Booster Hyd piston : 4.375” diam, Area= 15.033 sqin
• Net booster area : = 13.548 sqin
• Force booster = 2,000 psi x 13.548 sqin = 27,096 lbf
• With the extra force given by the cylinder booster, the total available force now
at the shear blades is:
• 27, 096 lbf + 11.388 lbf = 38,484 lbf
HYD HYD
WHP
ROD
BOOSTER
WHP
seals
HW Exercise
Assume Quad BOP 2.5” with the following hydraulic accumulator :
Gas precharge pressure : 1,400 PSI
Accumulator Volume : 10 gal
BOP Hyd cir. operation pressure : 2,700 PSI
BOP minimum Hyd. pressure : 1,500 PSI
This BOP has the following hydraulic rams characteristics :

Volume to close pair of rams : 31.3 cuin / 0.135 gal
Volume to open pair of rams : 27.9 cuin / 0.121 gal
Complete ram cycle ( close + open ) : 59.2 cuin / 0.256 gal
How many times can the BOP rams be cycles in case of a power pack failure ?
How does the pre-charge pressure affect the accumulator performance ?
How does the accumulator volume affect the accumulator performance ?


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252M105 Well Control Equipment en L1 2009

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252M105 Well Control Equipment

Well Services Training Center

1 CTS Training – Excellence in

•An asterisk is used throughout this presentation to denote a mark

2 CTS Training – Excellence in

3 CTS Training – Excellence in

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• Primary well control barrier.

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• WHP acts on the

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Pipe Rams seals around the CT

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1.25 0.087 OLD 2000 2556 3111 1069 14,138

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• Storage of hydraulic fluid

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Back up/ Emergency

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• BOWEN (CB) Pin Assy. Mating Shoulders

• TOT (CQ) Seating

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