LAXAPANA POWER

COMPLEX
B.M.R.SANJANA | 20EE0324
 CONTENT
• INTRODUCTION

• COMPONENTS OF HYDRO POWER PLANT

• CONTROL SYSTEM

• GRID SUBSTATION
 INTRODUCTION
• Hydropower plant uses hydraulic energy of water to
produce electricity. The power obtained from this plant is
termed as hydroelectric power. Nearly 16% of total power
used by the world is represented by hydropower.
• CEB have three main hydro power generating complexes.
Mahaweli complex based on Mahaweli river,
Samanalawewa complex based on Samanalawewa and
Laxapana complex based on Kelani river.
• Laxapana complex generate 378.3 MW Total for a year.
• Cascade System based on 2 main tributaries of Kelani River.
Kehelgamu Oya
Maskeliya Oya
• Consists of 06 hydro power stations

Castlereigh Reservoir 118 GWh

Moussakelle Reservoir 262.9 GWh
Wimalasurendra Power Station (WPS) Norton Bridge. 2 x 25 MW
Canyon Power Station (CPS) Maskeliya.
Laxapana Power Station (LPS)
Laxapana Old Laxapana – ( 3 x 9.6 ) + ( 2 x 12.5 ) MW
New Laxapana – 2 x 50 MW
COMPONENTS OF
A HYDRO POWER
PLANT
Forebay
Intake structure
Penstock
Surge chamber
Hydraulic turbines
Powerhouse
Draft tube
Tailrace
FOREBAY
The forebay is a regulating reservoir which stores water under reduced load
conditions and provides water when the load increases

INTAKE STRUCTURE
The intake structure is the connection between the headwater and penstock or
turbine.

PENSTOCK
Penstocks are pipes or long channels that carry water down from
the hydroelectric reservoir to the turbines inside the power station.

SURGE CHAMBER
Whenever the power house rejected the water load coming from penstock the
water level in the surge tank rises and control the pressure in penstock.
HYDRAULIC TURBINES
Hydro turbines are devices used in hydroelectric
generation plants that transfer the energy from moving
water to a rotating shaft to generate electricity. These
turbines rotate or spin as a response to water being
introduced to their blades. These turbines are essential in
the area of hydropower - the process of generating power
from water.
Turbine
Types

Impulse Reaction
type type

Pelton Francis

Turgo Kaplan

Cross Flow
• Turbine selection depends on net height from
forebay tank to turbine and the flow rate of the
water.
• impulse turbines, such as Pelton, Cross-flow and
Turgo, used in sites with high head and
reaction turbines, such as propeller used in low head
sites.
• The New Laxapana Power Station, also known as
the primarily uses Francis turbines for power
generation. Francis turbines are well-suited for
medium to high head applications
• The old Laxapana Power Station primarily uses
Pelton turbines for power generation. Pelton
turbines are impulse turbines designed for high head
applications
• Governing system or governor is the main controller
of the hydraulic turbine. The governor varies the
water flow through the turbine to control its speed
or power output. Generating units speed and system
frequency may be adjusted by the governor.
• The turbine is directly coupled to the generator
shaft, meaning that as the turbine spins, it also
rotates the generator.
POWER HOUSE
Power house is a building provided to protect the hydraulic and electrical
equipment

DRAFT TUBE
Draft tube acts as an intermediate between the exit of the turbine and the
entry of the tailrace. The water is discharged to the tailrace through a
gradually expanding tube called the Draft tube.

TAIL RACE
The tailrace is the water conveyance that connects the turbine outflow to
the river or reservoir downstream of the powerhouse
CONTROL SYSTEM
• Controlling the frequency of electricity output at 50
Hz is important in power stations for Grid
Synchronization, Load Balancing, Equipment
Compatibility, System Protection.
• Releasing water from one station goes to the
reservoir of the next station. ( Releasing water from
Wimalasurendra Power Station goes to the Norton
reservoir of Old Laxapana) The release of water
from hydroelectric dams like those in the Laxapana
Power Complex can indeed contribute to
downstream flooding under certain conditions.
GRID SUBSTATION
• grid substations are often present within or adjacent to
power plants, especially larger power plants that are
directly connected to the electrical grid for transmitting the
generated electricity. These substations serve several
important functions within the context of a power plant:
• Voltage Transformers
• Monitoring ( Current Transformers )
• Switching and Control ( Circuit Breakers )
• Conductors ( Bus Bars)
THANK YOU !