—INDEX—

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

1. Aim of the Experiment 1
2. Introduction 2
3. Theory 3
4. Apparatus Required 4
5. Procedure 5-7
6. Observations 8
7. Precautions 9
8. Conclusions 10
9. Bibliography 11
 AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT

To understand the relation between the loss in weight of a

solid and weight of the water displaced when the solid is
fully immersed in the following solutions : Tap Water and
Strong Salty Water
 INTRODUCTION

Archimedes' principle (also spelled Archimedes's

principle) states that the upward buoyant force that is
exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether fully or
partially, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the
body displaces. Archimedes' principle is a law of
physics fundamental to fluid mechanics. Any object,
totally or partially immersed in a fluid or liquid, is
buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid
displaced by the object. Archimedes' principle allows
the buoyancy of any floating object partially or fully
immersed in a fluid to be calculated.
 Theory
Archimedes' Principle is a fundamental concept in
fluid dynamics and hydrostatics. It states that when a
body is submerged in a fluid, it experiences an
upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid
displaced by the body. This principle is crucial for
understanding the equilibrium of objects floating in
still water or other fluids.
In the case of a body floating freely in still water, the
downward force acting on it is its weight (mg), which
is the force of gravity acting on its mass. For the body
to remain in equilibrium and not move, there must be
an opposing force that balances the weight. This
opposing force is generated by the hydrostatic
pressures acting on the body's surface due to the fluid
it is immersed in.
 Apparatus Required

1. Spring balance
2. Two small different (metallic) solid bodies
3. Eureka can
4. Measuring cylinder
5. A strong thread
6. Tap water
7. Salted water of known densities
 Procedure

1. Find the zero error and least count of spring balance.

Study the spring balance, its scale and its least count.

2. Take a metal bob, tie thread to it and suspend on the hook of

the spring balance.
Record the weight of the metal bob in air.

3. Now take a eureka can and fill it with tap water upto its
spout.
.

4. Place a measuring cylinder below the spot of eureka can.

5. Now immerse the solid gently into the water of the eureka
can. The water displaced by its gets collected in the
measuring cylinder.

6. When water stops dripping through the spout, note the

weight of the solid and the volume of water collected in the
measuring cylinder
7. Take some tap water in a beaker. Add to it sufficient
salt. stir it with a glass rod. If it dissolves, add more
salt. In this way, prepare a nearly saturated solution of
salt in water. Now fill the eureka can with this strongly
salted water.

8. Repeat the steps 5,6 and 7.

9.Take the second solid ( different from first ) and repeat

the above experiment.
.
 Observation

Archimedes' principle establishes the relationship

between buoyancy and a submerged object's volume in
fluids. By understanding the pressure changes with depth
in fluids, we can explain the upward force (buoyancy)
opposing gravity's pull on objects. The buoyant force
equals the weight of the displaced fluid, determining if an
object floats or sinks. Anyone who has ever lifted a
heavy submerged object out of water is familiar with
buoyancy, the upward force that is exactly opposite to
the direction of gravity's pull.
 Precautions

1.Carefully study the spring balance used for the

experiment.

2.Fill the overflow can above the mark of the

spout, allow extra water to overflow through the
spout without disturbing it. Use this overflow
can for the experiment.

3.Do not allow the suspended solid mass i.e. metal

bob/stone to touch the base and sides of the
overflow beaker.
 Conclusions

Hence it is proved that the weight of the water

displaced by the metal bob is approximately equal to
the apparent loss of weight of the metal bob in water.
Archimedes’ principle is verified.
The weight of water displaced by a given solid when
immersed fully in strongly salty water is more than
the weight of the water displaced when fully
immersed in tap water.
 Bibliography

https://www.britannica.com/science/Archimede

s-principle

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineer
ing/archimedes-principle#:~:text=in%20Still%2
0Water-,Archimede's%20Principle%20states%2

0that%20a%20body%20immersed%20in%20a%

20fluid,on%20it%20due%20to%20gravity.

https://physlab.org/experiment/simple-observat

ions-of-archimedess-principle/#:~:text=It%20is
%20a%20consequence%20of,the%20fluid%20d

isplaced%20by%20it.%22