Understanding Kidney

Stones
Kidney stones
Speaker Notes Good
morning/afternoon everyone.
Today, we’ll be discussing kidney
stones, a common urinary system
issue. Kidney stones are hard
deposits that form in the kidneys,
and they can cause a variety of
effects on the body. In this
presentation, we’ll cover the
formation of kidney stones, the
symptoms they cause, potential
complications, and some
preventative measures.
How Kidney
stones form
Kidney stones form when waste
products and minerals in the
urine become concentrated.
When there’s not enough fluid in
the urine to dissolve these
substances, they can crystallize
and form stones.
Several factors can contribute to
stone formation, including
dehydration, diet, certain
medical conditions, and family
history.
Symptoms of
kidney stones
Severe pain in the lower back or
side, often described as a
cramping or sharp pain that
comes in waves and may radiate
to the groin
Painful urination or burning
sensation while urinating
Blood in the urine (urine may
appear pink, red, or brown)
Nausea and vomiting
Frequent urination or difficulty
urinating
Feeling the urge to urinate but
only passing small amounts of
urine
Fever and chills (if the stone
blocks the flow of urine and
causes infection)
Complications
of kidney stones
Kidney damage: If a stone blocks
the flow of urine for a prolonged
period, it can damage the kidney.
Infection: A blocked stone can
also increase the risk of a urinary
tract infection (UTI).
Recurrent stones: Once you’ve
had a kidney stone, you’re more
likely to develop another one in
the future..
 Preventing Kidney stones
Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day, aiming for eight
glasses of water or other non-caffeinated beverages.
Limit your intake of sodium (salt), animal protein, and
oxalate-rich foods (such as spinach, beets, and nuts).
Eat a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Maintain a healthy weight.
If you have a history of kidney stones, talk to your doctor
about medications or dietary changes that may help
prevent future stones.