Balochistan University of Information

Technology, Engineering and Management

Sciences

Design and Optimization of Hybrid

Energy System for Health Care Unit In
Quetta

Muhammad Sulaiman
CMS ID: 52303
Supervisor: Dr. Atiq Ur Rehman
Department of Electronic Engineering, FICT
Outline
1 Introduction

2 Literature Review

3 Problem Statement

4 Motivation

5 Research Objectives

6 Methodology

References
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

• Increasing demand for electricity worldwide and the dwindling quantity of fossil fuels.
• Fossil fuels being detrimental to the ecosystem
• To lessen our reliance on fossil fuels, Renewable Energy Resources (RERs) are now quite
important [1].
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

• Hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs) consists of:

• Renewable energy as the primary sources
• Batteries and/or diesel generators as a backup [2].
• HRES have been applied
• To overcome the fluctuating nature of renewables
• To ensure the availability of power when one of the generation sources experiences
intermittence.
• HRES’ main assets in comparison to single energy source-based systems are
• High reliability
• Minimization of energy storage capacity requirement[3],[6].
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

BASIC HRES CONFIGURATION :

Fig.1. General configuration of HRES[6].

Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

BASIC HRES CLASSIFICATION:

Fig.2. HRES Classification[7].

Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

HRES Optimization process:

• Optimization refers to the process of

adjusting the design, configuration, and
operation of the system to achieve the best
possible performance according to specific
Criteria[4],[8].
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

Standalone Vs Grid System

• A standalone system, also known as an off-grid system, is an energy system
designed to operate independently of the local or national electricity grid.
• A grid-tied system is connected to the local or national electricity grid and can
both consume electricity from and supply electricity to the grid[8].
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

Hybrid PV/ Wind Energy System

• Standalone commercial PV or wind, do not produce usable energy for a
considerable portion of time during the year. Combination of PV and wind in a
hybrid energy system reduces the battery bank and diesel requirements.
• When connected in standalone, these systems are limited to one
household/institution.
• Existing grid infrastructures are often designed for centralized, predictable power
sources and may not be well-suited to the distributed and variable nature of
renewable energy sources[9],[10].
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

• The HRES performance optimization is based on a reliable technique, given the

system’s components characteristics, the area terrain, and the meteorological data.
• For optimization, sensitivity analysis is considered optimal solution for HRES. It
is defined as: a systematic study to determine how the variation in output of the
HRES optimization can be attributed to different uncertainties in the input
parameters. This analysis helps to identify which inputs are most critical and how
they influence the overall performance and reliability of the system under various
conditions[10].
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Model of Multiple Energy Resources

Pro Software
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)

• Using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
for Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
(HRES) is to find the best route during
migration.
• In the context of HRES, applying PSO is like fine-tuning
the coordination between different renewable energy sources
such as solar, wind, and hydro power to maximize overall
system performance[9],[11].
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

• Updating of Velocity: In PSO, the regulation of velocity is considered as a major feature,

as it is the main mechanism used to move the position of a particle to search for an optimal
solution in the search space. The velocity of particle k in the swarm in the (i + 1)th iteration, is
updated, according to the following Equation.

• where Vk(i + 1) is the velocity of particle k at the (i + 1)th iteration; Xk(i) is the position of particle
k in the ith iteration; p k best,i is individual best position of the particle k in the ith iteration;
gbest,i is the global best position of the any particle in the ith iteration;c1 and c2 are the real
acceleration coefficients that control how much the global and individual best positions should
influence the particle’s velocity; r1 and r2 are uniformly distributed random numbers in the range
0 and 1, used to maintain an adequate level of diversity[10].
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

• . Updating the Position of Particle: The position of each particle k, at

every iteration (i + 1)th, varies according to the following Equation

• where Vk(i + 1) is the velocity of particle k at the (i + 1)th iteration;

Xk(i + 1) is the position of particle k in the (i + 1)th iteration; Xk(i) is
the position of particle k in the ith iteration[12].
 Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

Table 1. Parameters of PSO[10],[12].

Parameter Usage
Population Size Swarm size (ns) is the number of particles in
the whole swarm
Neighborhood Size The size of the neighborhood is related to
the degree of social interaction among the
swarm members
Acceleration The impact of the cognitive and social
Coefficients component on the particle’s velocity is
managed by the acceleration coefficients c1
and c2, along with the random numbers, r1
and r2.
Inertia Weight This coefficient controls the global and local
exploration and the exploitation capacity of
the swarm.

Fig.3. Generation scheme of Particle

Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

• Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) combines solar and wind resources with conventional
storage and generation sources, leading to the complexities of energy storage and demand and
poses significant optimization challenges.
• These optimization challenges occur when designing a system that can efficiently operate in both
standalone and grid-connected systems involves integrating fluctuating solar and wind energy
sources to meet dynamic energy demands reliably across different system setups[13].

16
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

• Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES), combining solar, wind, and battery storage, represent
a promising avenue for this transition, offering a way to harness abundant natural resources while
addressing the intermittency challenges associated with renewable energy.
• The integration of these renewable sources into both standalone and grid-connected systems offers
a unique opportunity to enhance energy accessibility in remote areas, reduce dependency on
traditional power grids, and contribute to a more diversified and stable energy portfolio[14],[15].
Table 2. Pakistan RE Potential[7].
Resources Potential
Small Hyrdo 45,000MW
Wind Approximately 346,000 MW
Solar More than 5-6 kWh/m2/day
Geothermal 2000 MW
Ocean Energy Around 1046 Km long coastal belt
Biofuel 50 Million Tones
17
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

• Emphasizing the optimization, development, and implementation of HRES in standalone and grid-
connected forms, it will address global sustainability goals such as SDG 7 Affordable and Clean
Energy, SDG 9 Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure, and SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and
Communities[7].
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

• To Optimize the cost of production of electricity generation with maximum utilization of available
resources of HRES in standalone and Grid-connected configurations.
• To Implement PSO algorithm for Optimization of HRES using MATLAB.
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

• The proposed site is “ Shiekh Mohamed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan (SMBZAN) Institute of Cardiology,
Site
Selecti Quetta.
on

• Hospital total electrical load, annual and monthly electricity bill, and system configuration data.
Data
Collec
• Solar Irradiance and Wind Speed Data Collection from NASA open data portal.
tion

HOME • Optimization of HRES in standalone and On-grid configuration Using HOMER Software.
R
Optimi
zation

PSO • Optimization of HRES using PSO algorithm in MATLAB Software.

Imple
mentati
on
Introduction Literature Problem Motivation Research Methodology Reference
Review Statement Objectives

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