HOSPITAL AND

HOSPITAL
PHARMACY
Prepared by:
Nevia Sheena Boreros, RPh
Louella Bianca Ignas, RPh
 HOSPITAL
• organized structure which pools together all the health professions, the
diagnostic and therapeutic facilities, equipment and supplies and the physical
facilities into a coordinated system for delivering health care to the public

• institution where the ill/ injured may receive medical, surgical or psychiatric
treatment, nursing care and food and lodging, etc
 CLINIC
• a facility where ambulatory patients are seen for special study and treatment
by a group of physicians practicing together, and where the patient is not
confined in a hospital
GUIDELINES IN THE
PLANNING AND
DESIGN OF
HOSPITALS AND
OTHER RELATED
FACILITIES (DOH,
11/2004)
 Environment
o located in an area that is accessible to the community and free from undue noise, smoke, dust,
foul odor, flood

 Safety and Security

o provide and maintain safe environment for patients, personnel and public
 minimum of two exits for each floor of the building
o ensure the security of person and property

 _Patient movement
o spaces should be wide enough for free movement of patient in wheelchairs, beds or stretchers
 Lightning and ventilation
o all areas must have sufficient lightning and adequate
ventilationto promote comfort, healing and recovery of
patients
 _Acoustic and visual privacy
o shall observe acceptable sound level and adequate visual
seclusion to achieve the acoustical and privacy
requirements
 Parking
o shall provide minimum one parking space for every 25
beds
 Zoning
o different areas of hospital shall be grouped according to
zones:
 Zones Definition Example/s
Outer Zone -Areas that are immediately accessible to -Emergency service
the public -Outpatient service
-Located near the entrance of the Hospital -Administrative service

Second Zone -Areas that receive workload from the -Laboratory

outer zone -Pharmacy
-Located near the outer zone -Radiology

Inner Zone -Areas that provide nursing care and -Nursing service
management of patients
-Located in private areas but accessible to
guests
Deep Zone -Areas that require asepsis to perform the -Surgical service
prescribed services -Delivery service
-Shall be segregated from the public area -Nursery
-Intensive care
but accessible to the outer, second and
inner zone
Service Zone -Areas that provide support to hospital -Dietary service
activities -Housekeeping service
-Located in areas away from normal -Maintenance
-Motorpool service
traffic
-Mortuary
Emergency Service -Located in the ground floor to ensure immediate access

Administrative -Admitting and business office

- near the main entrance of the hospital
Service Hospital management
- can be located in private areas

Surgical Service - Located and arranged to prevent non-related traffic

-Operating room
- shall be as remote as practicable from the entrance to provide
asepsis
Dressing room
- shall be located to avoid exposure to dirty areas after changing to
surgical garments

Delivery Service -Located and arranged to prevent non-related traffic

Delivery room
- shall be as remote as practicable from the entrance to provide
asepsis
Nursery
- shall be separate but immediately accessible from the delivery room

Nursing Service -segregated from public areas

Nurse station
-shall be located to permit visual observation of patients
-Ideal ratio: 1 nurse station for every 35 beds

Dietary Service -shall be away from morgue with at least 25-m distance
 CLASSIFICATION OF
HOSPITAL
1. Type of Service:
A.General Hospital
o provides services for all kinds of illnesses, diseases, injuries or deformities
o provide medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, maternity, newborn and child care

Example: Philippine General Hospital

B. Specialty hospital
o Hospital that specializes in particular disease or condition
 Types of Specialty Hospitals
 Treatment of a particular type of illness or condition requiring
range of treatment
 Philippine Orthopedic Center
 National Center for Mental Health
 San Lazaro Hospital
 Treatment of patients suffering from diseases of a particular organ
 Lung Center of the Philippines
 Philippine Heart Center
 National Kidney and Transplant Institute
 for eye disorders
 Treatment of patients belonging to a particular group such as
children, women, elderly
 Philippine Children’s Medical Center
 National Children’s Hospital
 Dr. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital
 CLASSIFICATION OF
HOSPITAL
2. Length of Stay
A. Short term <30 days
B. Long term >30 days
 CLASSIFICATION OF
HOSPITAL
1. Ownership
A. Government Hospital- may be under
o DOH
• Cotabato Regional and Medical Center; East Avenue Medical Center
o Local Government Unit
• South Cotabato Provincial Hospital
o Department of National Defense
• AFP Medical Center; Veterans Memorial Medical Center
o Philippine National Police
• PNP General Hospital
o State Universities and Colleges
• Philippine General Hospital
o Government Owned and Controlled Corporations
• Lung Center of the Philippines
B.Private hospitals
o Non-profit- church operated
o Profit- - individual, partnership & corporation
 CLASSIFICATION OF
HOSPITAL
4. Bed Capacity
• Under 50 beds
• 50-99 beds
• 100- 199 beds
• 200-299 beds
• 300-399 beds
• 400-499 beds
• 500 beds and over
 CLASSIFICATION OF
HOSPITAL
5. Functional Capacity
 Supporting Services
1.Nursing service- nursing care
2.Dietary service- procurement, planning & preparation of
food for the patient and hospital staff
3.Central Sterile Supply- supplies sterile linen, OR packs
& other medical surgical supplies
4. Medical Record Service- serve as basis for planning &
continuity of patient care. It provides data for use in research
education and serves as basis for review & evaluation of the
care rendered to the patient
5. Blood Bank- generally under the supervision of a licensed
physician who has a basic interest in hematology
6. Pathology- cytological & gross anatomical
analysis; clinical laboratories
7. Radiology- diagnostic and therapeutic
application of radiant energy
8. Anesthesia- anesthesia care
9. Medical Social Service- very important
liaison bet. the hospital & the patient & his
community
 MEDICAL STAFF
• Physicians are independent agents taking care of their patients and they
utilize the hospital, its departments, facilities and services to care for these
patients.
 FUNCTIONS OF A HOSPITAL
1. Patient Care- toward a specific patient
2. Education- healthcare professionals and patient
3. Research- advancement of medical knowledge and improvement
of hospital services
4. Public health- assist the community in the decrease incidence of
illness and improving the general health of the population
 ORGANIZATION/
ADMINISTRATION
• Board of Trustees/ Directors/ Regents
↓
CEO
↓
Dep’t dealing w/ Dep’t dealing w/
Business Management Professional Care

Finance and Business Healthcare

Management Professionals
 HOSPITAL PHARMACY
• -other name Institutional Pharmacy
• -practice of pharmacy in hospital settings and includes the
organizationally related facilities/services
• -department/division of the hospital wherein the procurement, storage,
compounding, manufacturing, packaging, controlling, dispensing and
distribution of medications are performed by a legally qualified professionally
competent pharmacists and their assistants
 Hospital Pharmacy Services
• The number of professionals and support personnel of the Pharmacy
depends largely on the conceived functions and scope of services to be
rendered during the business hours of operation.
• The scope of pharmaceutical service depends on the standards set by the
hospital based on the requirements of the patients.
• Chief pharmacist is responsible to design the most appropriate services for
the hospital.
 Hospital Pharmacy Services
• Dispensing Service
• Clinical Service
• Compounding Service
• Training Service
• Research
• Administrative Service
 Dispensing Service
• Main function of the pharmacy
• The knowledge in medicines and their actions is the fundamental contribution
to health care by a dispensing pharmacist, as well as their technical abilities
• It requires expertise in pharmacology, pathophysiology, therapeutics, patient
care and basic communication skill.
 Clinical Service
• Drug product information, which encompasses the collection, organization,
retrieval, interpretation and evaluation of the applicable literature in
appropriate fashion
• Collection of the pharmacy patient data base
• Patient education/ counselling
• Drug Utilization Review (DUR)
• Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) detection, reporting and monitoring
 Compounding Service
• Preparation of medications, special dosage forms and formulations not
available in the market
• Entails the concepts of biopharmaceutics, BA/BE, stability, microbiology and
techniques of medication administration
 Compounding Service
• In the case of intravenous (IV) admixtures and Total Parenteral Nutrition, the
pharmacist must be familiar with patient variable such as
o Fluid and electrolyte balance
o Personal hygiene
o Environmental control
o Equipment performance
 Training Service
• Training new personnel
• Continuous educational programs for staff and students
• Drug product updates shared to other health professionals
• Training activities for pharmacy interns
 Research
• Refers to clinical researches initiated by the medical staff
• Enhances pharmacists’ ability in proper data collection, interpretation, and
transmission of reports
 Administrative Service
• Compliance with regulatory requirements
• Pharmaceutical cost planning, budgeting, inventory and financial
management, and reports and records