NIGERIAN ARMY COLLEGE OF NURSING YABA LAGOS

RESEARCH PROJECT
DEFENSE:
TOPIC: THE PERCEPTION AND ATTITUDE OF POSTNATAL
WOMEN TOWARDS INTRAPARTUM CARE IN
68 NIGERIAN ARMY REFERENCE HOSPITAL
YABA LAGOS
By
NACON/ND/HND/SET 46/069
SUNDAY DANIEL
SUPERVISOR: CPL IYAMA HILDA DATE: JUN 2024
 SCOPE
INTRODUCTION
• Background to the study
• Statement of problems
• Research objectives
• Research questions
• Research hypothesis
• Significance of the study
• Scope of the study
• Operational definition of terms
LITERATURE REVIEW
• Conceptual review
• Theoretical framework
• Empirical review
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
• Research Design
• Research Setting
• Target Population
• Sample Size
• Sampling Technique
• Inclusion And Exclusion Criteria
• Instrument For Data Collection
• Validity Of Instrument
• Reliability Of Instrument
• Method Of Data Collection
• Method Of Data Analysis
• Ethical Consideration
RESULTS, DISCUSSION AND
CONCLUSION
 Background to the study
The majority of approximately 140 million births that occur globally every year are
among women without risk factors for complications for themselves or their babies at
the beginning and throughout labour. Nevertheless, the time of birth is critical to the
survival of women and their babies, as the risk of morbidity and mortality could
increase considerably if complication arises.

Many studies have reported women’s dissatisfaction with their childbirth

experience (Hatamleh et al 2022, Naghizadeh et al 2021, Jepsen & Keller 2021,
Mohammad et al 2020, Srivastava et al 2019). The many reasons for dissatisfaction
included painful childbirth, lack of control during childbirth, lack of involvement in
making decisions, neglect, medical complications and fatigue. The main reason for
dissatisfaction was the experience of painful labour accompanied with negative
feelings of ‘anxiety’ and ‘fear’.
 Statement of problem
Like many other countries in the globe, the majority of women give birth in public hospitals. Many of these
women were found to perceive their childbirth as painful and difficult, to not be satisfied with their
childbirth experience, have little control during childbirth, and experience intense fear resulting from
previous childbirth experiences that included medical interventions, such as episiotomy and induction of
labour (Hatamleh et al 2022). However, even with pain relief, women are still expecting to have a painful
labour and reporting dissatisfaction with their childbirth experience.

Midwives play a vital role not only in Nigeria but in many countries. For example, 75% of births in Europe
(Kebede-Francis 2020), and 7.8% of hospital births in the United States of America (Martin et al 2021) are
attended by skilled midwives. Studies on women’s expectations and perceptions have mainly examined
their overall childbirth experience, birth plans and childbirth outcomes, analysing expectations, satisfaction
with childbirth and experience of labour pain using either quantitative or qualitative approaches
(Mohammad et al, 2020).

Due to the increasing maternal death rate in Nigeria and the patronage of women to other places instead of
the hospital during delivery and the complications brought to the hospitals from these places prompted the
researchers to carry out this research study. Therefore, it is paramount to determine the perception of post-
natal women towards intra-partum care in General Hospital, Gbagada Lagos.
 Research objectives
Broad objective Specific objectives
The specific objectives of the study are to:
To determine the perception and
• Evaluate the perceptions of postnatal women
attitude of post-natal women regarding intrapartum care at 68 Nigerian
towards intra-partum care in 68 Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos..
Nigerian Army Reference
Hospital Yaba Lagos. • Assess the attitude of postnatal women
towards intrapartum care at 68 Nigerian
Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos..

• Determine the satisfaction levels of postnatal

women with intrapartum care at 68 Nigerian
Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos..
 Research questions
• What are the perceptions of postnatal women regarding the
quality of intrapartum care received at 68 Nigerian Army
Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos.
• What are attitudes of postnatal women towards intrapartum care
at 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos.
• How satisfied are postnatal women with the intrapartum care
provided at 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos.
 Research hypothesis
H0. There is no significant relationship between the socio
demographic characteristics (educational status) of postnatal
women and their level of satisfaction with the intrapartum care
provided 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos.

H1. There is no significant relationship between the perceptions

of postnatal women regarding intrapartum care and their attitude
towards intrapartum care at 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital
Yaba Lagos.
 Significance of the study
• Nursing Profession: Positive perceptions can boost job satisfaction among nurses, as they see the impact
of their care reflected in patient feedback. Conversely, negative perceptions may indicate areas where
nurses need additional training or support to improve the quality of care provided.
• Health Facilities: Positive attitudes from postnatal women can enhance the reputation of health facilities,
attracting more patients and fostering community trust. Conversely, negative attitudes may lead to
decreased utilization of services and potential reputational damage.
• General Public: Perceptions and attitudes of postnatal women towards intrapartum care influence the
broader community's perceptions of healthcare quality and trust in the healthcare system. Positive
experiences can encourage others to seek care, while negative experiences may deter them, impacting
public health outcomes.
 Scope of the study

The study is delimited to post-natal women in 68

Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos.
 Operational definition of terms
• Perception: The subjective understanding and interpretation that women who have
recently given birth at 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos. have
regarding the care they received during labor and delivery.
• Attitude: The predisposition or evaluation that post-natal women who delivered at
68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos. hold towards the care they
received during labor and delivery, encompassing their thoughts, feelings, and
beliefs about the quality and effectiveness of the care provided.
• Postnatal women: Women who delivered at 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital
Yaba Lagos.
• Intra-partum care: The specific medical and supportive services offered to
women during childbirth within the facilities and protocols established at 68
Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos, including prenatal education,
labour management, delivery assistance, and postpartum care practices.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
The study by Ogundipe et al. (2023) investigated the attitudes and experiences of
postpartum women toward respectful maternity care during childbirth in a rural community
in Ogun State, Nigeria. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the researchers gathered data
from 200 postpartum women through surveys and focus group discussions. The results
revealed a concerning prevalence of disrespectful and abusive practices during labor and
delivery, with 68% of participants reporting at least one incident of mistreatment. Common
complaints included verbal abuse, neglect, and discrimination based on socioeconomic
status. However, despite these negative experiences, many women expressed gratitude for
the care they received and acknowledged the challenges faced by healthcare providers in
resource-constrained settings. The study also found that women who had attended antenatal
care and had higher levels of education were more likely to report positive attitudes toward
the intrapartum care they received.
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This aspect will present all methodologies employed by the researcher during the course of the study.
• Research Design: The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative design
• Research Setting: The study was carried out in 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos.
• Target Population: The respondents for this study were women who just recently delivered in 68 Nigerian Army
Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos.
• Sample Size: The sample size of 147 respondents for this study was determined using Taro Yamane formula
• n = N/ 1 + N(0.05)2
• Sampling Technique: Simple random sampling technique was used
• Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: Women who are on admission and have recently delivered in the hospital
while All women who delivered through elective caesarean section was excluded from the study
• Instrument for Data Collection: The instrument for data collection was a self-structured questionnaire.
• Validity of Instrument: Face and content validity technique was used to ascertain the validity of the research
instrument.
• Reliability of Instrument: Pilot study was conducted to validate the content of the instrument using 10% of the
sample size.
• Method of Data Collection: Data was collected using questionnaires which will be administered to respondents after
seeking consent and explaining each item on the questionnaire.
• Method of Data Analysis: The data gathered from this study was analyzed using the IBM SPSS software version 25.
The data analyzed was presented using frequency tables, percentages, pie charts and bar charts,
• Ethical Consideration: During the study, the researchers considered and apply the following ethical principles;
informed consent, anonymity, confidentiality etc.
SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
AGES OF RESPONDENTS
21-30 31-40 41-50 51 and above

6%

29%

24%

41%
 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS

Majority of the respondents 70(52.2%) strongly agreed and 55(41.0%) agreed that adequate care was provided by healthcare

professionals during labor and delivery. In the same vein, 89(66.4%) agreed that they felt respected and treated with dignity

throughout the childbirth process, while 21(15.7%) strongly agreed. Regarding the health facility environment, 70(52.2%)

strongly agreed and 39(29.1%) agreed that it was comfortable and welcoming for childbirth. Most respondents 85(63.4%)

agreed that their concerns and questions were addressed satisfactorily by healthcare professionals, with 19(14.2%) strongly

agreeing. Similarly, 85(63.4%) agreed and 19(14.2%) strongly agreed that appropriate pain management and support were

received during labor and delivery. A significant number of respondents 64(47.8%) strongly agreed and 49(36.6%) agreed that

male nurses' care was preferred by pregnant women..

 CONCLUSION
The findings of this study the positive feedback on pain management
indicates its importance in the overall childbirth experience.
Continued emphasis on effective pain management techniques is
crucial. The acknowledgement of midwives' and nurses' knowledge
highlights the importance of continuous professional development
and training to ensure high standards of care. The findings can inform
healthcare policies and practices aimed at improving maternal care,
ensuring that the voices and experiences of postnatal women shape
future healthcare strategies
 RECOMMENDATION
• The Government should expand training programs for midwives and nurses,
focusing on respect, dignity, and effective communication to maintain high
standards of care.
• Health institutions should regularly review and update pain management
techniques to ensure they meet the latest best practices and patient needs.
• Health institutions should implement initiatives to ensure nurses and midwives
provide adequate emotional support and sympathy, which are highly valued by
patients.
• Health institutions should encourage healthcare providers to adopt patient-
centered care practices that empower women and involve them in decision-
making throughout the childbirth process.
• Health institutions should establish mechanisms for continuous patient feedback
to monitor satisfaction level
 References

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American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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