MAJOR PROJECT ON DENSIOMETRIC

STUDY OF ASPARTIC ACID

Shibadatta mohanty
Regd.no.-1961058060
M.Sc. Chemistry (2nd year)
Under the guidance of Dr. Malabika Talukdar
Associate professor, Department of chemistry
 CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
EXPERIMENTAL WORK
GRAPHICAL DISCUSSION
REASULT
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 AMINO ACIDS

Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amino (–NH2)
and carboxyl (–COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group)
specific to each amino acid. The key elements of an amino acid
are carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N), although other
elements are found in the side chains of certain amino acids. Amino acids are
classified into these following groups:

1.1.1 ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS

Essential amino acids cannot be made by the body. As a result, they must
come from food.
The 9 essential amino acids are: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine,
methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.
 1.1.2 NONESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
Nonessential means that our bodies produce an amino acid, even if we do not get it from the food
we eat. Nonessential amino acids include: alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine,
glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, proline, serine, and tyrosine.

1.1.3 CONDITIONAL AMINO ACIDS

Conditional amino acids are usually not essential, except in times of illness and stress.
Conditional amino acids include: arginine, cysteine, glutamine, tyrosine, glycine, ornithine,
proline, and serine.

1.1.4 POLAR AMINO ACIDS

The side chain in this group posses a spectrum of functional groups. Most of them have atleast one
atom that is oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur.

1.1.5 NON-POLAR AMINO ACIDS

These are mainly hydrophobic. The R groups of them may have either aliphatic or aromatic groups
 1.2 ASPARTIC ACID

Aspartic acid was first discovered by Auguste and Ossain Hennry in the year 1827.
It is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contain an amino group and a
carboxylic acid.
It is used in the bio-synthesis of proteins.
It is non-essential as human body can synthesize aspartic acid whenever needed. There are two
types of aspartic acids L-ASPARTIC ACID and D-ASPARTIC ACID.

• Chemical formula- C4H7N04

• IUPAC name- 2-aminobutanedioic acid
• Molar mass-133.103g/mol
• Appearance – colorless crystals
• Density-1.7g/cm3
• Melting point-543k
• Boiling point- 597k
• 3D structure of aspartic acid
 POTASSIUM SORBATE

Potassium sorbate is an odorless and tasteless salt mainly prepared from sorbic acid
and potassium hydroxide. It is mainly used as a preservative. Its appearance is like white
crystals. Soluble in water , ethanol, acetone but insoluble in benzene.
potassium sorbate is a skin, eye, and respiratory irritant.

• chemical formula CH3CH=CH−CH=CH−CO2K.

• Chemical formula BC6H7KO2
• Molar mass 150.218 g·mol−1
• Appearance White crystals
• Density 1.363 g/cm3
• Melting point 543 K
• Solubility in water 58.5 g/100 mL 3D structure of potassium sorbate
 CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
• 2.1 The densities of various amino acids in aqueous acetylsalicylic acid were measured by
A.D.Arsule,R.T.Sawale and S.D. Dedosarkar. The densimetric studies were done at atmospheric
pressure and temperature (303.15K, 308.15K and 313.15K). From these data other parameters were
also calculated and significant effect of added acidic cosolute drug on solute-solvent interaction
including hydration of amino acids has been observed. Negative standard transfer volumes in the case
of L-arginine in presence of drug indicate the charge transfer from drug to L-arginine and hence
enhanced electrostriction of the solvent.

• 2.2 The density studies of the drug chloramphenicol with glycine and glycylglycine in aqueous
medium were studied at various temperatures (288.15, 298.15, 308.15, and 318.15) K and 0.1MPa
pressure by Harsh Kumar and IshaBehal. Various thermodynamic parameters have been derived from
density and ultrasonic velocity value. Also the absorption spectra have been recorded and the
physicochemical interactions along with the structure-making or structure-breaking tendency of the
glycine and glycylglycine have been derived through these calculated parameters.

• 2.3 From the measurement of ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity the intermolecular
interactions of ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BF 4] and methylacrylate
[MA]were studied by NehaChaudhary and Anil Kumar Nain at temperature 293.15 K to 318.15 K. The
experimental results wereused to derive some parameters and the variation of these parameters with
composition and temperature was discussed in terms of intermolecular interactions which were
compared with experimental data.
• 2.4 The ultrasonic velocity, density, viscosity and absorption were measured for
solution of Influenza Anti-Viral drugs (Amantadine and Oseltamivir) were presented by
S. Punitha, R. Uvarani, A. Panneerselvam and S. Nithiyanatham at room temperature by
taking different concentrations of drug solution. The aim of the study is to increase the
solubility, stability and sweetness of drugs by the formation of complex. The acoustical
parameters were also computed. The absorption can be attributed to various molecular
interactions.

• 2.5 The density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity in ternary liquid mixture of
Acrylonitrile with benzene in N-methyl aniline were measured at 303K, 308K and 313K
respectively by R. Chithra Devi, R. Mathammal, R. Kesavasamy and V. Rohini. From
the experimental data various acoustical and thermo dynamical parameters were
computed using standard relations. These parameters are used in exploring the
interaction between the component molecules which gives a better understanding of the
liquid mixture.
 CHAPTER 3. EXPERIMENTAL WORK

3.1 APPARATUS AND CHEMICALS REQUIRED :

• Specific gravity bottle
• Weighing machine
• Potassium sorbate
• Aspartic acid
• water

3.2 PROCEDURE:
• 7.48gms of potassium sorbate was dissolved in water to form 0.5m solution .similarly
4.493gm and 1.49gms of potassium sorbate were dissolved in water to form 0.3m and 0.1m
solutions respectively. These solutions are then used as solvents against aspartic acid . The
concentrations of aspartic acids are 0.1m, 0.2m , 0.3m and 0.4m respectively.
• Each time solutions are taken into water bath for 15-20 minutes in order to maintain
temperature and then soon after taken near weighing machine and weight is noted .
• Same process was conducted for five different temperatures and the data summerized in the
form of a table
 3.3 CALCULATIONS
From the obtained density data the apparent molar volume can be calculated.
..............(1)

vꝧ =vꝧ0 + sv
√C ....................(2)

Where sv=slope of vꝧ vs √C plot.

C=molar concentration of solution
vꝧ=[1000c
D0](d0-d)+md0 .........................(3)

Where c=molar conc. Of solution

D=density of solution
It was obtained that vꝧ varies linearly with square root of concentration. (√C).
 3.3 TABLE
Values of molal concentration m ,density d
and aspartic acid solutions in aqueous and 0. 5 molal potassium sorbate(aq)
at different temperatures, T (K).