Language Policies in the

Philippines
The Philippine Education
 3 levels of Education
 Elementary, Secondary and Tertiary
 Elementary and Secondary Education (Private and Public)
all under the Jurisdiction of the Department of Education
while the Tertiary Education falls under the Jurisdiction of
the CHED
 The structural organization of the Department of
Education consists of 2 main clears.
 The central office which carries out the overall
administrative function at the National level in the field
offices which manages local and regional administration.
The department is headed by Education Secretary–
Leonor Briones
The Philippine Education
 Provided by law, the department can have a minimum of
4 undersecretary and 4 assistant secretaries.
 The Philippines is mandated to provide a system of
education for the Filipino children and the youth.
 The kind of education that is envision in the constitution
is quality education.
 A complete, adequate, and integrated system of
education relevant to the needs of the people in the
society. T
 he state must ensure that all citizens can access this
envisioned system of education. EFA – Education for all.
 Language Education Policy (LEP)
Language Education Policy (LEP) is
the process through which the ideals,
goals, and contents of a
language policy can be realized in
education practices
 INSTRUCTION IN 1596 – the King of Spain (Felipe
II) sent to Tello, governor of the Philippine colony,
an instruction which stated that learning of
indigenous languages by the friars was inadequate
for missionary, instead the friars should teach
Spanish
Spanish to natives.
 THE DECREE IN 1603 – requires the teaching of Colonization
the Spanish language to the natives who were
willing to learn, but at the same time the Crown
government demanded friars to learn indigenous
languages probably because some of friars were
reluctant or incompetent to master indigenous
languages.
 THE DECREE IN 1634 – Felipe IV issued a decree
demanding that the colonial government should
teach Spanish to all natives.
 THE DECREE IN 1686 – Carlos II issued decree in
which he complained that former decrees had not
been observed and stated there would be
punishment if not observed.
 THE ORDINANCE 1768 – this ordinance asked the
Spanish
establishment of schools and prohibited any other
language than Spanish in schools. It is stated that
Colonization
the official jobs could be given to those speaking
Spanish as an incentive to learning of Spanish.
 EDUCATION ACT IN 1863 – prescribe that that
Spanish was to be the sole of medium instruction in
order to facilitate the needed to learn Spanish, so
that literacy in Spanish appeared to be the major
purpose of the curriculum. The decree provided
that natives who could not speak, read and write
Spanish five years after the issuance were not to
be permitted to hold salaried government positions.
 American  After the Spanish–American War, the US
Colonization Government sent Thomasites to the Philippines.
They made it a point to teach English to the
Filipinos. Every child from age 7 was required to
register in schools located in their own town or
province. The students were given free school
materials.
 1925 – MONROE EDUCATIONAL COMMISSION they
found in the survey the slow progress of Filipino
students in learning English in the school.
 1932 – the medium of instruction in primary
education will be the native language on (1932-
1933)
 1936 - Commonwealth Act No. 184 - an act to establish
a national language institute and define its powers and
duties. Commonwealth
 1937 Executive Order No. 134 - stating that the national
language will be based on Tagalog. Constitution
 November 1939 – they submitted the recommendation
that “Tagalog” will be the official national language.
 1940 Executive Order No. 263 - authorizing the printing
of the dictionary and grammar of the national language,
and fixing the day from which said language shall be
used and taught in the public and private schools of the
Philippines
 1940 Commonwealth Act No. 570 Section 1 - The
Filipino national language is declared as one of the
official languages of the Philippines
 1940 Commonwealth Act No. 570 Section 2 - for Commonwealth
the purpose of this act, all textbooks for the primary
schools written in the national language or which Constitution
are necessary for the propagation thereof, by the
medium of public and private schools and other
agencies and methods of popularization, shall be
prepared under the supervision of the bureau of
education, subject to the approval of the institute of
national language in so far as its language form is
connected.
Japanese Period
 Nippongo and culture were aggressively
propagated. They were offered as
compulsory courses in schools. The
Commander–in–Chief of the Japanese
Imperial Forces ordered the prohibition of the
use of English.
 1943 - Executive Order No. 10 - The Filipino
language bloomed. It was used as the official
language of the country from elementary to
college level in teaching Philippine history
and character education.
 ARTICLE XIV, SECTION 6 AND 7 – 1987 Constitution
Provided the legal basis for the various
language policies that are being
implemented in the country. Resolved
the issue on the national language is,
since the 1935 and 1973 Philippine
charter were not clear about this
 THE PHILIPPINE BILINGUAL
EDUCATION POLICY (BEP)
 Consistent with the 1987 constitutional mandate and a declared policy of
the National Board of Education (NBE) on bilingualism in the schools (NBE
Resolution No. 73-7, s.1973) the Department of Education, Culture and
Sports (DECS) promulgated its language policy.
 It was first implemented in 1974 when DECS issued Order no. 25 s. 1974
titled “Implementing Guidelines for the Policy on Bilingual Education”.
 BEP in Philippines is defined operationally as to separate use of Filipino
and English as the media of instruction in specific subject areas.
 THE PHILIPPINE BILINGUAL
EDUCATION POLICY (BEP)
 FILIPINO for social sciences, MAPEH, home economics, practical arts, and
character education.
 ENGLISH for science, mathematics and technology subjects. Regional languages
shall be used as auxiliary language in Grade I and II
 Proclamation No. 1041, s. 1997 and signed on July 15, 1997, by former Philippine
President Fidel V. Ramos. The Proclamation extended the observance of Linggo ng Wika
from Aug. 13 to 19, to the whole month
 THE LANGUAGE POLICY OF THE
COMMISION ON HIGHER EDUCTION
 1994 Republic Act No. 7722 also called as the Higher Education Act 1994.
creating Commission on Higher Education (CHED) was assigned.
 Language courses whether Filipino or English should be taught in that
language
 Literature subject may be taught in Filipino, English or any language as long
as there are enough instructional materials for the same and both students
and instructors/ professors are competent in the language.
 Courses in the humanities and social sciences should preferably be taught
in Filipino.
 K-12 Program and Mother Tongue – Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE)
 K-12 program sought to build proficiency through language via
MTB-MLE, introduced in 2012. the mother tongue or first
language refers to language or dialects first learned by a child
and with child identifies with.
 Kinder to Grade 3 Mother tongue is the medium of instruction.
 Grade 4-6 mother tongue transition program which English and
Filipino are introduced as media of instruction.
 Junior and Senior High School English and Filipino will become
the primary language of instruction.
 2017 House Bill No. 5091 “An Act to Strengthen and Enhance the
use of English as the medium of instruction in Educational
System”
 English shall be taught as second language, starting with Grade I
and shall be used as MOI for English, Mathematics and Science
at least the third-grade level.
 Filipino language shall continue to be MOI in learning areas of
Filipino and Araling Panlipunan
Thank You for listening
 Why should we care?
Opportunities
Communication barriers can
lead to missed opportunities.
If you don’t understand what
someone is trying to say, then
you might miss out on
valuable information or
advice.
Miscommunication
Communication barriers can lead
to misunderstandings and
conflict. If you don’t take the
time to understand someone’s
point of view or if you don’t
communicate clearly, then it can
lead to disagreements and hurt
feelings.
conflicts
Communication barriers can
create negative impacts on
relationships, both personal
and professional. This can
lead to strained relationships
and can even cause conflicts.