Introduction to

Trigonometry
Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of triangles
and their properties. It has wide applications in various fields, from engineering
and physics to navigation and astronomy.
Angles and their Measurement
1 Types of Angles
Trigonometry deals with different types
of angles, including acute, obtuse, and
right angles.
2 Angle Measurement
Angles are measured in units of degrees
and radians, which are used to quantify
the amount of rotation around a circle.

3 Angle Conversions
Learners should be able to convert between degrees and radians to solve trigonometric
problems.
Trigonometric Ratios
Sine (sin) Cosine (cos) Tangent (tan)

The ratio of the opposite side to The ratio of the adjacent side to The ratio of the opposite side to
the hypotenuse of a right-angled the hypotenuse of a right-angled the adjacent side of a right-
triangle. triangle. angled triangle.
Right-Angled Triangles
1 Pythagoras Theorem
The relationship between the lengths of the sides of a right-angled triangle, where
the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two
sides.

2 Special Right Triangles

Certain right-angled triangles, such as 30-60-90 and 45-45-90 triangles, have
specific side length ratios that can be used to solve problems.

3 Applications
Right-angled triangles have many practical applications, such as in construction,
surveying, and navigation.
Applications of Trigonometry
Engineering and Construction
Trigonometry is essential for designing and
building structures, such as bridges, buildings, and
roads.
Physics and Astronomy
Trigonometry is used to study the motion of
objects, the properties of waves, and the structure
of the universe.
Navigation and Surveying
Trigonometric principles are used to determine the
position, direction, and distance of objects, which
is crucial for navigation and land surveying.
Computer Graphics and Animation
Trigonometric functions are used to create
realistic 3D graphics and animations, such as in
video games and movies.
Trigonometric Identities
Fundamental Identities
These include the Pythagorean identities, reciprocal identities, and cofunction
identities, which are essential for simplifying and solving trigonometric expressions.

Trigonometric Equations
Trigonometric identities are used to solve equations involving trigonometric
functions, which have various applications in mathematics and physics.

Inverse Trigonometric Functions

The inverse trigonometric functions, such as sine inverse and cosine inverse, are used
to find the angle given the value of a trigonometric ratio.
Inverse Trigonometric Functions

Arcsin (sin^-1) Arccos (cos^-1) Arctan (tan^-1)

The angle whose sine is a given The angle whose cosine is a given The angle whose tangent is a
value. value. given value.
Conclusion
Trigonometry is a powerful and versatile branch of mathematics with numerous
applications in various fields. By mastering the concepts and techniques of
trigonometry, students can develop critical thinking skills and solve complex
problems in a wide range of contexts.