What Speedometer does?

It is a safety device & fitted in Locomotive Cab/Cabs in

front of Driver.
It visualizes & records the speed & distance, travelled
by the Locomotive at any instant as desired.

Hence it avoids over speed & lower speed.

Over speed leads to an accident.

Lower speed causes punctuality loss.

 Service conditions of Locomotive

The equipments provided in the speedometer is

capable of working satisfactory under the following
service condition :

• Altitude -- (MSL to an altitude of 2500meters)

• Temperature -- (05 t0 55 deg. C ambient and inside
locomotive up to 70 deg. C)
• Relative humidity -- (up to 100%)
• Vibration & shocks
• Spike and Surges
• System Voltage
 System of working of Speedometer

The system is designed to indicate the speed and time data of the
locomotive continuously and records the data on solid non volatile
backup memory card.

The distance traveled (Odometer reading) can also be viewed in

LCD display in loco standing condition.
The system also displays the
• Date
• Time
• Driver’s No,
• Train No
• Loco No.
The switch mode power supply (SMPS) makes the system free
from interference due to OHE as well as Walkie-talkie used by
Driver on locomotive.
 Switch Mode Power Supply

SMPS, is an electronic power supply unit (PSU) that incorporates a

switching regulator — an internal control circuit.
 Power Supply Unit

Consisting of DC-DC Converter with electric isolation between

input and outputs. The input power is taken from Locomotive
battery

The unit produces regulated outputs for all devices of speed

controller and speed sensors.

Protection

It has surge suppressor to prevent the devices from power line

surge generated by Locomotive.

Interlocking

It is designed to shut down outputs if input voltage exceeds the

specified range.
It automatically resumes normal output supply as soon as input is
in specified range.
 System Description

The system consists of the following units:

 Speed Sensor

 Junction box

 Recorder cum Indicator unit

 Additional Speed Indicator

 MOUNTING OF UNITS

Units Location

1. Speed Sensor Axle Box Cover

2. Speed Indicator Locomotive Cab

3. Recorder Cum Indicator do

4. Junction Box Locomotive Frame

 Main Components

Speed Sensor –
A square wave generator with number directly proportional to the
distance covered and with the frequency proportional to the
speed of the loco
Nos of cycle = Distance, Nos of cycle per seconds = Speed
It has the fork to fit driving spindle, a round disc having
cuts around circumference and a sensor unit.

Sensor works on 6/9 Volt DC and supply received from

RCI unit.

It has optical detectors & it is so designed that when the

working detector fails, automatically change over to the
another.

Unit is supposed to be maintenance free as no rubbing

parts.
This sensor is an optical system that operates in infrared
range.

The continuous light beam of an emitter is interrupted by

the rotating disc.

The receiving transistor detects the pulsating light beam &

generates frequency α speed.

This frequency is transmitted via Amplifier to SMD

technology to the evaluation system for processing
Junction Box
 --ve --ve

+ve +ve

O/P 1 O/P2

S S
E E
N N
1 2

Cable
SS to JB
PG
 Junction box
The junction box is used for interconnection of cables
from Speed Sensor and Recorder cum Indicator unit.

It is provided for easy disconnection of Speed Sensor

in case of bogie body disconnection for maintenance
 Recorder cum Indicator unit

It is the main equipment connected with all the peripherals.

This unit contains the following sub- assemblies:
 Microcontroller card
 Speed Indicator Card
 Serial Communication Card
 Memory Card
 Input Card
 Output Card
 Mother board for Recorder
 Alpha- Numeric Display
 Data Entry Keyboard
STDMC (Speed, Time, Distance Memory Card)

It is the basic part that has:

> A Micro-controller.

> A Battery backed quartz crystal controller-timer.

> Internal Data Memory

 Micro-Controller

* Continuously measures the frequency of the pulses coming

from speed sensor.
* Continuously computes actual speed applying wheel diameter
correction from configuration memory and drives stepper motor
to move pointer on dial to indicate analog reading.
* Continuously computes distance data from same signal and
updates kilometer count (Odometer) with LCD display.
* Continuously display the real time from timer with LCD display.
* Speed, Time, Distance, Dynamic braking status and fault in
system/equipments data is recorded continuously in both Long
& Short term Memory Card.
* It drives an “ Over Speed Alarm”, when ever the configured
speed limit exceeds.
* It records & display latest error code in case of any fault occurs.
Latest error code can be viewed in 16 character alphanumeric
display.
 Internal Data Memory

This is subdivided into 04 parts as:

* System Configuration Memory

* Error Log
* Short Term Data Memory
* Long Term Data Memory

The Configuration data consists of various parameters:

> Wheel diameter
> Over speed limit
> Mode of Recording
> Sampling Rate.
 Analog Speed Indicator

* Consists of a graduated dial with 270 degree scale spread over

and 127 mm visible diameter.
* It is driven by stepper motor & controller through
microcontroller
* It can indicate speed with a good stability down to a very low
speed of 1 kmph
 Recorder cum Indicator Unit

The central control with --controllers and flash

EEPROM (Electrical Erase Permanent Read Only
Memory), Internal memory for calculating & recording
the journey data,
A portable flash memory card and power supply that
receives 110/72Volts from the locomotive.
It also provides analog indication of speed on dial .

This unit has the following components:

1. Memory
2. RS 232 Common Port
3. Parameter Set Button
4. Memory Freeze Button
A 16 digits two lines alphanumeric display which
depicts the required parameters by pressing the
display

* Key board

* Memory full function digit display

* Audio visual over speed alarm with LED

indication

* Visual indication for Equipment/Recording fails.

RCI Unit also continuously records the
following in the memory:

1.Speed in KMPH

2. Real time in Hrs, Minutes & Second

3.Dynamic brake status (ON/OFF)

4.Fault in system/Equipment
A SHORT TERM MEMORY –

It stores the most recent data of at least 10 hours of

travel in loop form in respect of parameters with
resolution of one second

A LONG TERM MEMORY –

It stores most recent 90 days data with a resolution of

20 second

FAULT & CONFIGURATION MEMORIES –

It records the status of the equipment& internal faults

and contains customer’s specific configuration
parameters to process the store data.
 Speed Indicator Unit –

An independent microcomputer is used to indicate the actual speed

on a dial on the front panel similar to an analog speedometer with
pointer.The dial graduated in 5 KMPH intervals on 240 degree scale.

INTERNAL SETTING –
Provision has been made in both the RCI and Indicator units for
manual input by the keyboard of:
1.The train number in 04 digit & Driver’s code/token No in 08 digit.
Once data is stored by the locomotive Driver ,either in Indicator or
in RCI the other unit will accept also.
2.Shed or Maintenance depot personnel
• Locomotive No
• Wheel diameter
• Permissible permitted speed
• Date & Time
• Driver& Asst driver’s Code
 Memory Freeze Indicator

C M
A E
0 1 2 3 4 N
C M
E O
L
R
5 6 7 8 9
Y
F
E
R
N
T E
DRIV TRAIN E E
LOAD DISP
NO NO R Z
E

Memory Freeze Switch

MEMORY FREEZE OPERATION

* The Memory Freeze switch & the indication are provided inside a
sealed glass cover on the Indicator Unit.
* The glass has to be broken to operate the switch.
* Once the switch is operated the LED will be “ON”.
* There will be no more memory recorded in Short Term Memory
as soon as switch is “ON”.

There is no effect of Memory Freeze operation on the recording in

Long Term Memory.
 RECORDING MODES
The data memory card is recorded both short & Long
memory.

Long memory is to be recorded with samples once in

every 20 seconds.
Short memory is to be recorded with samples once in
every 01 second.
In this format the standard 2MB memory card can store
--- more than 60 days (90 days) in Long memory
--- more than 10 Hours in Short memory

The memory data is always duplicated in the Recorder

cum Indicator Unit’s system memory, so that even if
the memory card is not inserted also both the
memories are maintained in the system memory to
facilitate analysis after any unusual occurrences.
 TIME BASED RECORDING

The data is recorded at pre determined interval of time.

As per specification –
The Long Term Memory is to be recorded at 20 seconds
interval.

The value can be selected between 1 – 120 seconds.

Default value is 20 seconds

 DISTANCE BASED RECORDING

The data is recorded at pre determined interval of time.

The distance interval can be selected in the configuration.

The value can be selected between 20 – 400 meters.

Default value is 400 meters.

 SPEED BASED RECORDING

Data can be recorded whenever speed changes by a

pre determined value (5 KMPH).

The speed interval can be selected in the configuration.

The value can be selected between 1-10 KMPH.

The default value is 5 KMPH

 EVENT DRIVEN RECORDING

This mode can be combined with any of the Time based,

Distance based & Speed based modes.

Any change in digital signal creates one extra record.

It is to facilitates recording exact time of change of status

of any digital signal.
 INTELLIGENT MODE RECORDING

One record is created whenever any of the following events occur:

Ж for every change in speed by X KMPH (selected speed)

Ж within this X KMPH interval also whenever the speed is changed

from acceleration to deceleration or vice versa ( Peak detection)

Ж whenever distance travelled exceeds a specified distance

(selected)

Ж whenever the status of any digital input changes.

CHANGE OF MEMORY CARD

* Locomotive should be in standstill condition.

* Open the Memory card door by Key.
* Press the release Lever back just below the Card.
* Memory Card will come out.
* Put the another Card inside the box & lock the door.
Opto - electronic pulse generator
• Wax impregnated paper -- 102 mm width.
• On 40-mm width, lines are printed in 10 KMPH intervals
• Speed is recorded on this portion.
• On 20-mm width,10 lines (1mt) are printed on this portion.
•Recording STYLUS moves to and fro on these lines.
• Each transition of the STYLUS corresponds to 10mts of time elapsed
•On the top of this line,hours are printed numerically.
• 24 hours format by an Hour Wheel and a Hammer(Controlled by µ-P)
•Speed of the CHART-- It moves by 05 mm/ hour of time elapsed(HALT)
•It moves 05mm/KM or 2.5 mm/KM (RUNNING)
•It saves paper when loco is stopped without losing time information.
•Available in Standard Speed Scale ranges are
:0-75, 0-120, 0-150 and 0-180 Km/h.
•Conforming to RDSO Spec. No.: MP.0.3700-02 of Indian Railways
•
Power Supply --- 50V -- 90V ; Power Required ---15W(Recorder),05W(Indicator)Max

Accuracy of Recording & Speed Indication -- ± 0.8% of full scale

Range of Indication -- 240 degree full scale on 120 mm visible diameter

Time display --- 06 digits, 24 hours format in hours,minutes and seconds.

Odometer range -- 07 digit with 01 KM resolution % &Accuracy -- ±0.1%,0.1KM

of the distance traveled
Wheel Dia. Adjustment --- Possible to adjust Wheel dia in 01 mm steps.

Dial Illumination -- Through LEDs with adjustable illumination level ( 10 - 90%)

DISPLAY -- 16 character Alpha-numeric LCD display FOR S,T,D,Fault message

& Diagnostic message.
Memory--- 1> Long Term Memory. 2> Short Term Memory. 3> Configuration.
4> Error Log
Memory Card -- 02 MB Capacity, Water proof,Sealed and without backup Battery.
Weight -- 4.5 Kg(Recorder),4.0Kg(Indicator), 3.0Kg(Speed Sensor T-813M).
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:
• Speed in Kmph in Analog Form on 127mm Dia dial with
1. Indications accuracy of ±0.8% of Full Scale reading
• Time in Hours, Minutes and Seconds in LCD Display with an
accuracy of better than ±3 seconds per day.
• Distance Traveled (Odometer) in a six digit format whenever
desired in the LCD Display.
2. Odometer • 6 digit with 1 Km resolution
Accuracy
• ±0.1% -1 km of the distance travelled

3. Recording (On Back up • Speed in Kmph.

Memory) • Date and Time
• Distance Traveled in Metres

4. Working Voltage • Loco Battery Supply

• 14V-30V (Diesel Hydraulic Locos)
• 50V-90V (Diesel Electric Locos)
• 60V-140V (Electric Locos)

5. Memory Capacity • 10 Hours of Run-time Minimum (Short Memory)

• 60 Days of Run-time minimum (Long Memory)

6. Dial Illumination • 12V, 30 mA - LED based, long life

7. Power Requirement • 8 Watts Max.

8. Approximate Weight • 4.5 Kgs

 SALIENT FEATURES
• RELIABILTY -- It does not have carbon brushes and rubbing parts
in speed sensor
• LESS MAINTENANCE-- It does not require any
demagnetization,matching and cleaning of commutator
• LOW POWER CONSUMPTION-- It consumes only 15 Watt
• HIGH ACCURACY -- Computers are used to compute the
parameters hence accuracy obtained is much better
• SAFE OPERATION -- A preset audio-visual speed alarm with
modulated tone is provided and the speed limit can be set
with 01 KMPH resolution
• EASE IN INSTALLATION -- Self contained unit with minimum
wiring causes ease in installation
• LOW MAINTENANCE COST-- Cost of maintenance is low as
the system is basically electronic with simple mechanism
• STABLE SYSTEM -- there is no need to switch off power when
the locomotive is at rest.
 FAILURE ANALYSIS

SYMPTOM PROBABLE DEFECTS RECTIFICATION

1.Total System not Wkg Power Cable connection Check power cable & restore loco 72V
Fuse blown,PSM DC power up to terminal BP & BN onPSM
2.No Speed Indication Speed Sensor Cable Check & restore cable connection from
SS to Jn Box & Jn Box to Indicator.
Speed Sensor Check it through Simulator
PSM Check PSM
STDMC Computer Card Replace STDMC Computer Card
3.Speed is more or less Wheel diameter setting Set it properly
4.Over speed alarm Speed limit setting Adjust setting
sounding at wrong speed
5.No Time indication & STDMC Card Replace card
recording
6.LCD Display not STDMC Card Replace card
showing parameter
7. LCD Display not Door Sensor Ensure Memory Door is closed properly
showing Driver’s No & Train No
 FAILURE ANALYSIS
SYMPTOM PROBABLE DEFECTS RECTIFICATION

8.Parameter value not changing INCREMENT S/W Check Switch function

STDMC card Replace STDMC card

9.Data not recorded in Mcard 15 pin D connector on Mcard Remove & check pin
15 pin D connector on
Memory mechanism & Check STDMC Card If
its wiring wiring OK
Memory Card Replace memory card
STDMC Card Replace STDMC card
9. Data recorded but not Data Retrieval Unit Check & retrieve again
retrieved on PC Software Use proper software
Serial interface cable Check cable & connect
properly
NOTE –
IN case of any difficulty in Fault Rectification or Repetitive Failures in
Service,Contact Factory for Assistance of a Service Engineer .
 ERROR CODE
Sl. Error Significance Action to be taken
No code
1 0000 No error -----

2 0001 M-Detector feed Check the alignment of

back error at run Detector slot & set it
3 0002 M-Detector feed Check the alignment of
back error at zero Detector slot at 0 speed & set
speed it properly.
4 0005 M-Detector /SM Check function & connection,
Motor faulty replace faulty parts
5 0006 G-Detector/ SM Check function & connection,
Motor faulty replace faulty parts
6 0007 LCD faulty Check and replace if faulty
 ERROR CODE
Sl. Error Significance Action to be taken
No code
7 0008 RTC faulty Replace SMTD card

8 0009 Initialization error Replace Memory Card

in Memory Card
9 0010 2 Selector faulty in Replace Memory Card
Memory Card
10 0012 Detector M faulty Check function & connection,
replace faulty parts
11 0013 Detector G faulty Check function & connection,
replace faulty parts
12 0023 Odometer faulty at Check the system if necessary
Reset Replace SMTD Card
 MODEL NUMBER
The Model Number of Speed –Time- Distance Recorder
& Indicator depicts the Specification.
The six digits suffix designates the Model:
MODEL No.
XXXXXX

1st X -- Function
2nd X -- Scale Range
3rd X -- Locomotive type
4th X -- Operating Voltage
5th X -- Wheel Diameter Range
6th X -- Enclosure & Mounting
 Function:

I – Indicator only.

R – Recorder Cum Indicator with chart feed 2.5mm/Km

D – Recorder Cum Indicator with chart feed 5mm/Km

S -- Recorder Cum Indicator with transition control &

5mm/Km chart feed

T -- Recorder Cum Indicator with transition control &

2.5mm/Km chart feed
 Scale Range

1 – 0 to 75 KMPH

2 – 0 to 120 KMPH

3 – 0 to 150 KMPH

4 – 0 to 180 KMPH
Locomotive Type

1 – WDM2

2 – YDM4

3 – WAG5

4 – WAP1

5 – WDS4
Operating Voltage (DC)

1– 24 Volt

2 – 72 Volt

3 – 110 Volt
 Wheel Diameter Range

New Worn out

1 -- 700 mm 640 mm
2 -- 965 mm 889 mm
3 -- 1092 mm 1016 mm
4 -- 1140 mm 1064 mm
5 -- 908 mm 833 mm
Enclosure & Mounting Arrangement

1 – Vertical Wall Mounting

2 – Vertical Foot Mounting

3 – Inclined Foot Mounting