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Engg 1012019 Sent by Sir
Engg 1012019 Sent by Sir
Engg 1012019 Sent by Sir
Preparation (ENGG101)
Conducted By
Technical Training Center
Kathmandu University
Engineering Project Preparation
(ENGG101)
Prepared by :
Gokarna Poudel
Technical Training Center
Kathmandu University
OBJECTIVE
• Introduce students to the conepts of project
work.
• To provide practical knowledge in basic
engineering skills.
• To work on a small constructional project to
use the skills and knowledge they have
acquired.
About the course
• The course describes and practices the
general principles of different workshop
processes including hand working
processes. such as :
>>Safety measures.
a. Bench work and fitting.
b. Carpentry.
c. Sheet metal.
d. Metal joining methods.
e. Surface finishing and Coating.
FERROUS METALS
1. Pig iron
2. Cast iron
• (A) White cast iron
• (B) Gray cast iron
• (C) Malleable cast iron
• (D) Ductile cast iron
• (E) Alloy cast iron
Main Types of Iron
• 3. Wrought iron
• 4. Steel
• (A) Plain carbon steels
• 1. Low Carbon steels
• 2. Medium Carbon steels
• 3. High Carbon steels
• (B) Alloy steels
• 1. High speed steel
• 2. Stainless steel
Plain carbon steel
• Plain carbon steel is an alloy of iron and
carbon. It has good machine ability and
malleability.
• It is different from cast iron as regards the
percentage of carbon. It contains carbon
from 0.06
• Low carbon or mild steel — 0.15% to
0.45% carbon
• 3. Medium carbon steel — 0.45% to 0.8%
carbon
• 4. High carbon steel — 0.8% to 1.5%
carbon
LOW CARBON OR MILD
STEEL
• Low carbon steel is sometimes known as
mild steel also. It contains 0.20 to 0.30% C
• which has tensile strength of 555 N/mm2
and hardness of 140 BHN. It possesses
bright fibrous structure. It is tough,
malleable, ductile and more elastic than
wrought iron. It can be easily forged and
welded. It can absorb shocks. It rusts
easily. Its melting point is about 1410°C. It
is used for making angle, channels, case
hardening steel, rods, tubes, valves,
MEDIUM CARBON STEELS
1.Files
hardened high grade steel with slanting rows of
teeth. It is used to cut, smooth, or fit metal
parts.
(A)Type of Cut
• (i) Single
• (ii) Double and
• (iii) Rasp
Files ,Cutting Tools…
(B) Grade of Cut
• Files are cut with teeth of different grades.
• (i) Smooth, (ii) Second cut
• (iii) Bastered, (iv) Rough
• Shearing machine
• Bending machine
• Folding machine
• Drilling Machine
• Grooving machine
Fastening process..
1. Permanent fastening
-welding
-Riveting
2.Temporary fastening
-Screw
Welding
• Welding is a process of joining two similar or
dissimilar metals by fusion,
– with or with out the application of pressure,
– and with or with out use of filler metal.
• The fusion of metal take place by heat.
• The heat may be obtained from:
– electric arc,
– electric resistance,
– chemical reaction,
– friction
– or radiant energy
Arc welding..
• Heat Source is Electric Arc (Plasma)
• Without application of Pressure
• With or without filler rod
• AC Or DC Current supply can be
used
AC / DC Machines
• Step down transformers are used for
AC Machines to change the supply to
80-100 volts, 50-100 Amps.
• DC machines are used for heavy
works and for the sites where AC
source is not available.
• Straight and reverse polarity in DC
Machines (67% in +ve terminal)
Arc welding
Arc welding ..
Riveting
• Generally done on sheet metal operation.
• It is a permanent fixture.
• Rivet are generally made by malleable
metal which can deform by certain blow.
• Generally aluminum rivets are used in
sheet metal operation, steel rivets are
used on construction of skyscrapers truss.
• Now a days gun riveting is replacing
traditional riveting process.
Rivet Type and nomenclature
Threading
• A fixture prepare by making helical groves
on a cylinder is threading .
• It is a temporary fixture.
• We use die and taps for making threads,
die and taps are made by hardened steels
so can create a uniform recess on mild
steel.
• We learn preparing V type (60o) helical
thread.
Threads
External threading DIE and
STOCK
Surface Coating
2. Breadth 4 3 satisfactory
Bending
Cutting , filling
Drilling ,
threading
Process involved on the job
preparation
cutting
Riveting , drilling
Bending folding, marking
Thank you
…