MG Math-Solve Problems Involving Surface Area and Volume_Session 1

GRADE
SOLVE PROBLEMS INVOLVING SURFACE

8 AREA AND VOLUME CHAPTER-7
SOLVE PROBLEMS INVOLVING SURFACE AREA AND VOLUME
Learning Objectives:
After completing this session, students will be able to:
 Explain the properties of a cylinder.
 Relate cylinder and a rectangular prism.
 Derive the formula for volume of a cylinder.
 Measure and determine the volume of a cylinder using its height and radius
 .Calculate the height or radius of a cylinder given its volume and one of the two other measurements.
 Solve real-life problems involving volume of cylinders.

1.1 Volume of cylinder
RECALL:
1. Which figures are called 3 - dimensional figures?

Answer:
Three-dimensional figures are that having three
dimensions such as height, width, and length.
2. Can you name some 3- dimensional figures?

Answer:
Cube, cuboid, sphere, cone , cylinder, etc.
3. Can you give a few real-life examples of

3-dimensional figures?
Answer:
Cube, cuboid, sphere, cone , cylinder, etc.
Introduction:
What is cylinder?
A cylinder is a three-dimensional shape consisting of

two parallel circular bases, joined by a curved surface.
Example:
r Bas
e
Properties of cylinder
 The line joining the centers of two circular bases Height Axis
is called the axis of the cylinder.
 The distance between the two bases of the

cylinder is called perpendicular distance Bas
e
and is represented as height, “h”.
 The two circular bases have a distance from the

center to the outer boundary, which is known as
Fold
the radius of the cylinder as is represented by “r”.
 The cylinder is a combination of two circles

and one rectangle.
Net of a Cylinder
Cylinder
 There are two types of cylinders:
i. Right circular cylinders  The two circular ends are directly aligned.
ii. Oblique Cylinder  The circular ends are not directly aligned.
Right, Circular Oblique, Circular Cylinder

Cylinder
Height
Height
Radius Radius
1.1 Volume of cylinder Base
Lateral
What is a rectangular prism? edges
 A rectangular prism is a prism with a rectangular

Lateral
base and faces corresponding to each side of a base. Height faces
 The faces which are not bases are called lateral faces.
Properties of rectangular prism:

Base
 In a rectangular prism the opposite faces are identical.
 It has three dimensions ; Length, breadth and height
 A rectangular prism is also known as cuboid.
 Some examples of a rectangular prism in real life
are books, boxes, buildings, bricks, boards, doors,
containers, cabinets, mobiles, and laptops, etc.
1.1 Volume of cylinder Right Oblique Prism
Prism
Base
Lateral Lateral
Types of rectangular prisms face face
Height Height
There are two types of prisms:
i. Right rectangular prism
Base Base
Its side faces perpendicular to each of its bases.
ii. Oblique rectangular prism
Its side faces parallelograms.
How prism and cylinder are related?

 A prism is a solid with bases that are polygons, and the
sides are flat surfaces, whereas a cylinder is a prism
with circular bases and the sides are curved surfaces.
 When we increase the number of sides of a prism Basis of this
with regular polygons as bases, the prism looks like a prism are
cylinder. regular
pentagon
Volume of a cylinder:
Q. What does it mean by volume?
 Volume is the amount of 3 - dimensional space

taken up by an object.
Q. What does it mean by capacity?
 Capacity is the ability of an object to contain a

substance that is either solid, liquid, or gas.
Difference between volume and

capacity
Full Half - full Three – quarter full
Here, if you notice, the first tumbler is full of water. That is the capacity of the tumbler. In
the second and third tumblers, the volume of water is less than the capacity of the tumbler.
How to find the Volume of a cylinder?
 We know that a cylinder is a three-dimensional

figure with a circular base.
 In order to calculate the area of the cylinder,

add the area occupied by all the circular
discs piled up to make a cylinder. r
Let the number of circular discs used = h h

We know that area of each circular disc = Volume of a Cylinder
Volume of the cylinder h
= Area of the base × number of circular discs
= h
How can we relate the volume of cylinder to that of a

rectangular prism? Height
 They are both similar in the way that the

formula is base area multiplied by the height. Width
Length
For Example,
Volume of a cuboid, which is also known as a rectangular
prism is the product of its length, width and height.
V=
=
Volume of a cylinder = h
= Area of the base × number of
circular discs
Example 1: Radius
Find the volume of a cylinder whose radius is
5 cm and height is 28 cm.
Solution:
Given: Radius of the cylinder = r = 5 cm
To find: Volume of the cylinder

Height
Using formula
V= h
= 2200
Example 2:
What is the volume of a cylinder in terms of with Radius
a radius of 2 cm and a length that is three times as
long as its diameter?
Solution:
Given: Radius of the cylinder = r = 2 cm
Diameter = 2r =
Height
Height of the cylinder = h = 3 times its diameter
Height = h =
To find: Volume of the cylinder
By using the formula
V= h
=
= 48
Example 3:
A water glass has the shape of a right cylinder. The glass
has an interior radius of 2.1 inches, and a height of 6
inches. The glass is 75% full. What is the volume of the
water in the glass (in cubic inches)?
Solution:
Given: Interior radius of the glass = r = 2.1
inches.
Height of the glass = h = 6 inches
To find: Volume of the water in the glass when it is 75%

full Using formula
Capacity of the glass (volume of the glass) = h
=
= 8316
Volume of the water in the glass = 75% of capacity of the glass
= 6237 cubic inches

Finding an unknown measure:

Steps to be followed to find the radius of a cylinder when volume and height are given:
 Know the formula for volume of a cylinder.  Now take the square root of both sides to
The formula for the volume of a cylinder get rid of the square on the radius.
contains three elements: the radius of the
cylinder (r), the height (h) of the cylinder. =
V=
 Since we want to find the radius of the  Now substitute the given values to find
cylinder, you need to rearrange the formula the radius.
to solve for the term r, which is the radius.
First, divide both sides by pi and h.
2
V πr 𝐡
=
πh πh
Steps to be followed to find the height of a cylinder when volume and radius are
given :
 Know the formula for volume of a cylinder.  Now substitute the given values to find
The formula for the volume of a cylinder the radius.
contains three elements: the radius of the
cylinder (r), the height (h) of the cylinder.
V=
 Since we want to find the height of the

cylinder, you need to rearrange the formula
to solve for the term h, which is the height.
First, divide both sides by pi and
πr 𝐡
2
V
πr
2
=
πr
2 h=
Example 1:
A cylindrical trash can in Anita’s kitchen has a diameter of 1.4 feet. Find the height of
the trash can, if its volume is 0.616 cubic feet. Round your answer to the nearest tenth.
Solution: To Find: Height of the trash can (h)

Given Using the formula
D
: iameter of the trash can = d = 1.4 feet
V
h= 2
π r
Radius of the trash can = r =
Substituting the values of V and r we get
¿ 0.7 feet
0.616
¿
0.616 ¿
22 22 (0.1 )2
Volume of the trash can = 7
( 0.7 )2
= 0.616 cubic feet = 2.8 feet

Example 2:
A cylinder has a height of 15 cm and a volume of 207.9cm³. Calculate the radius of the cylinder.
Solution:
Given
: eight of the cylinder = h = 15 cm
H
=
√ 20790
314 × 15
Volume of the cylinder = V = 207.9cm³
To Find: Radius of the cylinder

Using the formula =
√ 20790
4710
r =
√ V
πh = = 2.1 cm
r=
√ 207.9
3.14 × 15
Key Concepts Covered:
 A cylinder is a type of prism. To calculate the volume of a prism, multiply the area of the base
by its height
 While solving The volume, V, of a cylinder of radius r and height h is given by the formula V =
 Since the formula of volume of a cylinder contains three variables V, r and h we can calculate the
height or radius of a cylinder if we are given the volume and one of the two other measurements.
 Volume of a cylinder = V =
 Radius of the cylinder = r =
 Height of the cylinder = h=
 While solving questions check whether you are given the radius or the diameter of the cylinder

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GRADE

SOLVE PROBLEMS INVOLVING SURFACE

After completing this session, students will be able to:

 Explain the properties of a cylinder.

 Relate cylinder and a rectangular prism.​

 Derive the formula for volume of a cylinder​.

 ​Solve real-life problems involving volume of cylinders​.

1. Which figures are called 3 - dimensional figures?

2. Can you name some 3- dimensional figures?

3. Can you give a few real-life examples of

A cylinder is a three-dimensional shape consisting of

 The distance between the two bases of the

 The two circular bases have a distance from the

 The cylinder is a combination of two circles

 There are two types of cylinders:

Right, Circular Oblique, Circular Cylinder

 A rectangular prism is a prism with a rectangular

Properties of rectangular prism:

How prism and cylinder are related?

Q. What does it mean by volume?

 Volume is the amount of 3 - dimensional space

Q. What does it mean by capacity?

 Capacity is the ability of an object to contain a

Difference between volume and

Full Half - full Three – quarter full

How to find the Volume of a cylinder?

 We know that a cylinder is a three-dimensional

 In order to calculate the area of the cylinder,

Let the number of circular discs used = h h

How can we relate the volume of cylinder to that of a

 They are both similar in the way that the

To find: Volume of the cylinder

To find: Volume of the water in the glass when it is 75%

Volume of the water in the glass = 75% of capacity of the glass

= 6237 cubic inches

Finding an unknown measure:

 Since we want to find the height of the

Solution: To Find: Height of the trash can (h)

= 0.616 cubic feet = 2.8 feet

Volume of the cylinder = V = 207.9cm³

To Find: Radius of the cylinder

 Radius of the cylinder = r =

 Height of the cylinder = h=

You might also like

 Relate cylinder and a rectangular prism.

 Derive the formula for volume of a cylinder.

 Solve real-life problems involving volume of cylinders.