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    PHP2

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    PHP2

    Uploaded by

    barechac
    2 views14 pages

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    2 views14 pages

    PHP2

    Uploaded by

    barechac

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 14

    Program control statements

    Outline
    ◊ Selection/ conditional statement
     If statement
     if...else statement
     if...else if....else statement
     switch statement
    ◊ Iterative Statement
     For loop
     While loop
     Do while
     For each
    ◊ Jump statement
     break
     Return
     Continue
    1
    Selection statement

    If statement
    The if statement executes some code if one condition is true.
    Syntax
    if (condition) {
    code to be executed if condition is true;
    }
    Example:
    <?php The out put
    $x=2; The condition is true

    If($x>=2){
    Echo “the condition is true”;
    }
    ?>
    2
    The if...else Statement
     The if....else statement executes some code if a condition is true and another code if that condition
    is false.
    Syntax
    if (condition) {
    code to be executed if condition is true;
    } else {
    code to be executed if condition is false; The out put is
    } This is executed if
    condition is false
    Example:
    <?php
    $x=1;
    If($x>=2){
    Echo “the condition is true”;
    }
    Else{
    Echo “this is executed if condition is false”;}
    ?> 3
    Other form of if..else
    The out put
    sythax the number is greater
    ( condition ) ? True_value : False_value than 2
    Example:
    <?php
    $x=3;
    echo ($x>2)?"the number is greater than 2":"the number is less than
    two";
    ?>

    4
    Nested if statement
    The if....else if...else statement executes different codes for more than
    two conditions.
    Syntax
    if (condition) {
    code to be executed if this condition is true;
    } elseif (condition) {
    code to be executed if this condition is true;
    } else {
    code to be executed if all conditions are false;
    }

    5
    Con’t…
    <?php
    $result=45;
    If($result>=90){
    Echo “Your grade: A+”;
    }
    elseIf($result>=85){
    Echo “Your grade: A”;
    }elseIf($result>=80){
    Echo “Your grade: A-”;
    The out put is
    }elseIf($result>=75){
    Echo “Your grade: B+”; Your grade : F
    }
    else{
    Echo “Your grade: F”;
    }
    6
    ?>
    Switch statement
    Use the switch statement to select one of many blocks of code to be executed.
    Example:
    Syntax <?php
    switch ( expression ){$x=2;
    switch ($x)
    case value 1: {
    statements case 1: The out put
    echo "Number 1"; Number 2
    break;
    break;
    … case 2:
    case value n: echo "Number 2";
    statements break;
    case 3:
    break; echo "Number 3";
    default: break;
    default:
    statements echo "No number between 1 and 3";
    } }
    ?>
    ?> 7
    Iterative/loop statement
    For loop
    for - loops through a block of code a specified number of times
    Syntax Example
    for( initialization; condition; increment ){
    <html>
    //loop body <body>
    <?php
    } for ($i=1; $i<=5; $i++)
    {
    The out put echo "Hello World!<br />";
    Hello World! }
    Hello World! ?>
    Hello World! </body>
    Hello World! </html>
    Hello World!

    8
    Con’t…
    foreach - loops through a block of code for each element in an array
    Synthax Example
    foreach( array as [key=>]value ){ …
    $arr =
    loop body array(“name”=>”Abebe”,
    } “dept”=>”IS”, “year”=>3,
    The out put “cgpa”=>3.5);
    name = Abebe
    dept = IS
    foreach( $arr as
    year = 3 $key=>$value ){
    cgpa = 3.5 echo $key . “ = “ .
    $value . “<br>”;
    }
    9
    Con’t…
    while - loops through a block of code if and as long as a specified
    condition is true example
    Syntax <?php
    while( condition ){ $i=1; The out put
    while($i<=5)
    loop body The number is 1
    { The number is 2
    } echo "The number is " . $i . The number is 3
    The number is 4
    "<br />"; The number is 5
    $i++;
    }
    ?>
    10
    Con’t…
    do...while - loops through a block of code once, and then repeats the
    loop as long as the specified condition is true
    Syntax Example
    <?php
    do { $x = 6; The out put
    code to be executed; do { The number
    } while (condition is true); echo "The number is: $x is: 6
    <br>";
    $x++;
    } while ($x <= 5);
    ?>

    11
    Jump statement
    break
     ends execution of the current for, foreach, while, do-while or switch
    structure.
    continue
     used within looping structures to skip the rest of the current loop iteration
     execution continues at the condition evaluation and then the beginning of
    the next iteration
    return
     If called from within a function, the return statement immediately ends
    execution of the current function, and returns its argument as the value of
    the function call
    12
    Logical operators
    The PHP logical operators are used to combine conditional

    ?
    statements.

    13
    Thank you
    14

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