Brakes

BRAKES
DEFINITION :
 Brakes is a device to stop the vehicle within a
smallest possible distance by converting the kinetic
energy of the vehicle into the heat energy which is
dissipated into the atmosphere.
REQUIREMENTS OF A GOOD BRAKE :
 The brake must be strong enough to stop the vehicle
in a small distance possible.
 The brake should have good antifade characteristics.
Their effectiveness should not decrease with
prolonged application.
 The brake should have good heat dissipation
property.
 TYPES OF BRAKES :
BRAKES
 Based on the Purpose :
◦ Primary or Service Brakes
◦ Secondary or Parking Brakes
 Based on the Location :
◦ Transmission Brakes
◦ Wheel Brakes
 Based on the Construction :
◦ Drum Brakes
◦ Disc Brakes
 Based on the Method of Actuation :
◦ Mechanical Brakes
◦ Hydraulic Brakes
◦ Electric Brakes
◦ Vacuum Brakes
◦ Air Brakes
◦ By-Wire Brakes
 Based on the Extra Braking Effort :
◦ Servo Brakes or Power assisted Brakes
◦ Power Brakes or Power operated Brakes
DRUM BRAKE :
BRAKES
 BRAKES
DRUM BRAKE (Internal Expanding Shoe Brake) :
DRUM BRAKE :
BRAKES
DRUM BRAKE :
BRAKES
BRAKES
DRUM BRAKE :
DRUM BRAKE : BRAKES

Breaking Torque Breaking Torque

on Trailing Shoe on Leading Shoe
when  = 90 deg. when  = 90 deg.)
DISC BRAKES :
BRAKES
DISC BRAKES :
BRAKES
WORKING PRINCIPLE :
DISC BRAKES : BRAKES

DISC BRAKE WITH

FIXED CALIPER
DISC BRAKES : BRAKES

DISC BRAKE
WITH SWINGING
CALIPER
DISC BRAKES : BRAKES

DISC BRAKE
WITH SLIDING
CALIPER
 BRAKES
MECHANICAL BRAKES :
EXPANDER MECHANISMS :
 BRAKES
MECHANICAL BRAKES :
SHOE CONSTRUCTIONS :
 BRAKES
MECHANICAL BRAKES :
(GIRLING MECHANICAL BRAKE)
 BRAKES
HYDRAULIC BRAKES :(WORKING PRINCIPLE)
 BRAKES
HYDRAULIC BRAKES :(WORKING PRINCIPLE)
 BRAKES
HYDRAULIC BRAKES :
MASTER CYLINDER-CONSTRUCTION
 BRAKES
HYDRAULIC BRAKES :
MASTER CYLINDER-CONSTRUCTION
 BRAKES
HYDRAULIC BRAKES
WHEEL
: CYLINDER-EXPANDER
 BRAKES
HYDRAULIC BRAKES
WHEEL
: CYLINDER-ADJUSTER
 BRAKES
HYDRAULIC BRAKES :
 BRAKES
VACUUM POWER ASSISTED BRAKE :
 BRAKES
AIR BRAKE :
 BRAKES
PARKING BRAKE :
 BRAKES
BRAKE BY WIRE :
 BRAKES
BRAKE PADS & LININGS :
Pedal Assembly
• Reverse Mount Pedal
• 6:1 ratio
• Adjustable
Master Cylinder
• Wilwood TM1 Tandem
MC
• 5/8” Bore
• 1.31” Stroke
• Compact Design
• Lightweight
• Mounting Bracket
Proportioning Valve
• Weight transfer to front during braking
• Lower pressure to rear caliper
• 62% Front 38% Rear
• Adjustable
Brake Lines
• Withstand master cylinder pressure
Front • Flexible: pedals and front calipers
• Hard Line: rear caliper and to front flex
• Fittings
Master Cylinder

Proportioning Valve

Rear
• Wilwood PS1 Caliper
• 2 Pistons
• Piston Area: 0.79 in2
• Weight: 0.93 lbs
Brake Pads
Brake Disc - Rotor
• Material: 420 Stainless Steel
• Dimensions: 7” OD 3/16”
thick
• Mass: 1.22 lbs
• Floating Design
Advances in Braking System
 Antilock Brake System (ABS)
 Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD)
 Emergency Brake Assist (EBA)
 Dynamic Braking System (DBS)
 Brake By Wire (BBW)
 Regenerative Braking (RBS)
 Electric-Hydraulic Combi Brake (EHC)
 Electro-Mechanical Brake
 Sensotronic Brake Control (SBC)
 Electronic Wedge Brake (EWB)
Brake Calculations
Weight Transfer :
Brake Calculations
Reactions at Wheels while Braking :
 Brake Calculations
Reactions at Wheels while Braking & Retardation :
i.) When Brakes are applied on
front wheels only:

ii.) When Brakes are applied on

rear wheels only:

iii.) When Brakes are applied on all

the wheels :