Unit 4

The Human Person as Unity

Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person

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LEARNING TARGETS

At the end of this unit, the learners should be

able to do the following:

● Recognize their own limitations and possibilities for transcendence.

● Evaluate these limitations and possibilities from the subject’s point of view.
● Determine the qualities and characteristics that help define the self.
● Recognize the different ways in which they are able to go beyond their
limitations.

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VALUES AND ATTITUDES

In this unit, the learners should be able to do the

following:
● Treat themselves with love.
● Accept their limitations.
● Build a positive relationship with others.
● Accept/understand differences with an open mind.
● Recognize other people’s strengths and abilities.
● Create purpose in life by making contributions to the society/community
through their abilities.
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Lesson 7
I: The Subject and the Object

Unit 4| The Human Person as Unity

Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person

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How can I live in this world as both a subject and
object?

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Review

A subject is a perceiver, conscious

of his experiences, whereas
perceivers observe an object. A
person is always both a subject and
object who lives interdependently
with other subjects and objects in
this world.

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Gabriel Marcel

Gabriel Marcel stated that though

an individual believes he or she is a
living object, he or she is pressured
to show that his life is more
important than just living. Marcel
reflected on the meaning of living
and the existence of oneself in the
world.

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Two Stages of Reflection

He used reflection, which is the

awareness of situations in life, and
their stages.

The first stage is primary reflection

which emphasizes the relationship
of the person, as a living object, to
the world.

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Two Stages of Reflection

The second stage is secondary

reflection which emphasizes that an
individual cannot be separated from
others and that he is always a part
of what he is observing. Its goal is
to reflect on the primary reflection.

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Benefits of Reflection to Oneself

● It helps the person become

aware of what his or her body
needs.
● It helps the person become
responsible for what he or she
possesses.
● It helps the person build an
accountable relationship with
others.

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Application of the Two Stages of Reflection

How would you feel if other people

talked behind your back? Why?

What do you think could be a

situation that would have people
talk behind your back?

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INTEGRATION
30 minutes

Me and the World

Make an electronic poster to
suggest ways on how a human
person can better respond and
interact with other people in
different circumstances.

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DIG DEEPER

In existentialism, philosophers
believed that freedom is part of
existence. However, it always
comes with a responsibility to
oneself and the way we interact
with others.

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Stoplight

STOP CONTINUE START

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REFERENCE
Treanor, Brian and Brendan Sweetman. "Gabriel (-Honoré) Marcel." The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. May 9,
2021. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2021/entries/marcel/.

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