STS

WHEN TECHNOLOGY AND HUMANITY CROSS

 What is technology?

• Our world is truly entering a period of

transformative modification that most people
will be surprise by the measure and
unavoidable step of development that we
merely had not expected.
• There are so many inquiries regarding the
positive and negative effects, limitation of
developments and the ethical dilemmas that
we will face in the future.
• In order to find the answer to these questions,
we have to be able to understand and
rationalize what is humanity, the human
nature, and condition, the ethic that will and
should govern each application of technology
to humanity.
• It also requires an understanding that these
technological advances offer tremendous
potential, and with these opportunities come
tremendous new responsibilities.
 Technology
• a word with Greek roots, is defined as, “the
practical application of knowledge especially
in a particular area” by Merriam- Webster.
• Technology is a word used to define or portray
the progressions, abilities, creation,
happenings, interpretation, and knowledge of
a singular group of persons and as humans we
execute certain functions for man and society.
 Technology

• is external part of science and to understand

technology, academic or internal science shall
be treated like a black box. The inner workings
are no importance at the moment for as long
as they are responding to the needs of
technology.
What is the primary purpose of technology
to humanity?
• Advantages, Disadvantages, and Limitation of
Technology
 Importance of Technology to Humanity

• To learn the importance of technology in our

everyday lives, it shows that technology has
profound impact on every aspect of lives. The
way we live, communicate, and interact
changes through technology in different fields
of education, medicine, transportation,
economy, communication, and politics.
 Advantages of technology

1.Life has become easy through science and technology.

2.Travelling has become faster than before.
3.Communication becomes easier, faster and cheaper.
4.Innovations in technology increased the standard of
living.
5.Using various technology, man become advanced
6.The impossible have become possible due to the
progress in science and technology
7. Science and technology made a lot of things easy to
do and comfortable for man
 Disadvantages of Technology
1.Humans had misused the technology and used in damaging
purpose.
2.By the use of technology, man is doing illegal things.
3.New technologies like mobile are generating bad
consequences on children.
4. By means of modern technology, terrorist use it for
destructive purpose.
5.Many illness are created due to the development of atomic
energy and atom bomb
6.Modern technology like nuclear energy have not only
affected man but it also affected plants and other creatures.
Natural beauty is decreasing due to the development of
modern technology.
 Limitation of technology to Humanity

• According to Booch (2003), technology has many

advantages to humanity.
• One cannot live without these advancements but
these are certain limitations as to what humanity can
apply it to almost everything they do.
• Technology is the application of the laws the theory
in science, to discuss its limitations, one need to
answer these questions: is there a specific limitation
in these Technological Advancement?or can hu anity
limit the use of technology?
These are the factors that define the limits
of technology:
1.The laws of physics
2.The laws of software
3.The challenges of algorithms
4.The difficulty of distribution
5.The problems of design
6.The problem of functionality
7.The importance of organization
8.The impact of economics
9.The influence of politics
 The law of physics
• Software, quantum effects, and thermodynamic plays an
important role when it comes to the law of physics and
technology.
• Software is flexible medium. Specifically, the speed of
light is given, and that fact has practical implications for
throughout system.
• Quantum effects have theoretical and practical limits to
information capacity: you cannot store more memory
than there are numbers of elementary particles in the
universe.
• Thermodynamic effect happen when the container that
will dissipate heat, that limits the use of technology.
 The Law of Software and Algorithms

• Fundamental law of software: An example of software limitation is

when there is a given computation, there are times we can’t do it,
and there are times we can’t afford to do it, and sometimes we just
don’t know how to do it (these categories and their examples came
from David Harel’s delightful book, Computers, Ltd.).
• Limitations for algorithms is that there are also certain classes of
problems that are on an a reasonable algorithm: data compression
and photorealistic which renders two such problems like
theoretical limits of compressing an image, a waveform, video or
some raw stream of bits, some degree of information loss, hairy
mathematics, some trial and error, lack of perfect knowledge adds
complexity and compromise to our systems.
 The Difficulty of Distribution

• Leslie Lamport an American computer scientist who

observed, “A distributed system is one in which the
failure of a computer you didn’t even know existed can
render your computer unusable.” Building distribution
systems is only moderately harder than building a non-
distributed one, but it is decidedly not, because the
reality of the real world intrudes.
• Peter Deutsch is an American politician who noted that
there are eight fallacies of distributed computing: we’d
like to believe that these are all true, but they are
definitely not.
 The Problem of design

• The design of any relevant Web-centric system consists of tens of

thousands of lines of custom code on top of hundreds of thousands of
lines of middleware code on top of several million lines of operating
system code.
• William Occam, a 14th- century logician and Franciscan friar stated,
“Entities should not be multiplied unnecessarily.”
• Isaac Newton an English physicist & mathematician projected Occams’s
work into physics by noting, “We are to admit no more causes of natural
things than such are both true and sufficient to explain their
appearances.” Put in contemporary terms, physicists often observe,
“When you have two competing theories which make exactly the same
predictions, the one that is simpler is the better.” Finally Albert Einstein
was a German-born theoretical physicist declared that “Everythinfg
should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler.”
 The Problem of Functionality

• Brook writes: To consider the requirements,

functionality, and non-functionality of a
machine like multi-engine aircraft, a cellular
phone, or an autonomous robot, has these
limitations such as usability, survivability, and
adaptability has these unrestrained,
potentially, external requirements are too
complexity to design.
 The Importance of Organization

• According to Booch (2003), No one person can ever

understand such a system completely.
• It demands that we use a team of developers, and ideally, as
small a team as possible but software system that drive an
entire enterprise, one typically must manage teams of teams,
each of which may be geographically distributed from one
another.
• More developers mean more complex communication and
hence more difficult coordination, particularly if the team is
geographically dispersed.
• With a team of developers, the key management challenges is
always to maintain a unity and integrity of design.
 The Impact of Economis

• Technological Advancement cost money.

• According to Barry Boehm (1981), in his classic work on: software
Engineering Economics, based upon 20 years of empirical evidence,
concludes that the performance of a project can be predicted
according to the following equation:
Performance = (Complexity**Process) * team * Tools
Where:
Performance means effort or time
Complexity means volume of human-generated code
Process means maturity of process and notion
Team means skill set, experience, and motivation
Tools mean software tools automation
• From this equation, we can observe that the
complexity of a system can either be amplified
by a bad process or dampened by a good
process and that the nature of a team and its
tools are equal contributors to the
performance of a project.
 The influence of Politics

• Investment in software development is the

key to success; the political organization can
influence its progress and its limitation.
• Great thing could have provided if the
influence in politics are on a positive side.
 HUMANITY
• Humanity is the human race, which includes everybody on earth.
• It is also a term for the qualities that make as human, such as the
capacity to love, to sympathize, to be creative, and not be a robot
or alien.
• Humanity is from the Latin word “humanitas” which means
“human nature, kindness”.
• Humanity comprises all humans, also refer to the kind of emotions
human frequently feel for each other.
• But when people talk about humanity, it is talking about people as
a whole.
• When people do wrong things, it challenges your faith in
humanity.
• When people request for money to help feed hungry children,
they are appealing to sense of humanity.
• The human race or humaneness, the quality of life or state of
being, its attributes and quality of being a human being.
• Humankind is highly dependent on technology.
• With the development and constant technological changes,
humans change their way of life to improve standards in life.
• Today, humanity is advanced.
• Humans have come a long way from the cave but how far can
they still go?
• Is there a limit to technological progress?
• What does this mean for humanity‘s distant future?
 The answer to that is: As part of these technological
advancement, it hinges on the longevity of human species,
human beings need time.
• The history of life on earth is a history of extinction.
• Despite that there is advancement, human beings are STILL quite
vulnerable to both human begs, it is relatively linked to the ability of
human being to avoid extinction.
• According to Sagan, (2004) today is a period where he called it
“technological adolescence”.
• Human beings are still delivering technology advancement and it all
depends on how wisely they are still delivering technological
advancement and it all depends on how wisely they will use these
“technological advancement”, to reach into a mature human being
with a reasonable chance of reaching and enjoy the quality of life until
old age.
• Sagan also stated that he is worried that human being will likely to
mature fast enough to escape the destruction by own hands of human
beings.
• The capabilities of human beings in terms of
technology will depend on how they can
improve the quality of life.
• Nobody can say for sure how will it affect the
humanity but with benefits – does look
hopeful, and when the human beings got that
state of advancement, they are still quite a lot
left to invent.