Mathematics in our

World
The elephant and the blind men
Fibonacci Sequence

• Leonardo Fibonacci discovered the sequence.

• The sequence begins with one. Each subsequent number is
the sum of the two preceding numbers.
• Thus the sequence begins as follows:
1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144….
The Fibonacci Spiral

• The Fibonacci numbers have geometric applications.

• The Fibonacci spiral is constructed by placing together
rectangles of relative side lengths equaling Fibonacci
numbers.
• Recall: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13….
• A spiral can then be drawn starting from the corner of the
first rectangle of side length 1, all the way to the corner of
the rectangle of side length 13.
Golden Ratio

• In mathematics and the arts, two quantities are in the

golden ratio if the ratio between the sum of those quantities
and the larger one is the same as the ratio between the
larger one and the smaller.

• In this case, we refer to a very important number that is

known as the golden ratio.
• The golden ratio is a mathematical constant approximately
1.6180339887.
Golden ratio and Fibonacci numbers

Recall:
1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610, 987, 1597, ...

When we divide one of the Fibonacci numbers to the previous one,

we will get results that are so close to each other.
Moreover, after the 13th number in the sequence, the ratio will be
fixed at approximately 1.618…
233 / 144, 377 / 233, 610 / 377, 987 / 610, 1597 / 987, 2584 / 1597,
…
Vitruvian Man

Leonardo Da Vinci has long been

associated with the golden ratio.
“Vitruvian Man” illustrates that
the human body is proportioned
according to the golden ratio.

An American researcher, Jay

Hambridge, established that the
golden ratio can also be found
in the human body.
Activity: Golden ratio in human body
References:

• Calpa, MJ, Powerpoint Presentation: University of Eastern Philippines

(2017)
• Nature by Numbers, https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=kkGeOWYOFoA
• Nocon R., Nocon E., Essential Mathematics for the Modern World
(2016)
• Stewart, I., Nature’s Numbers (1995)
• Vistro-Yu, C., Powerpoint Presentation: CHED ADMU GE Training (2016)
• Manalang, Rodman, Powerpoint Presentation: CHED UE GE Training
(2017)