Faults and

Earthquak
es
After going through this lesson, you are expected to:
❖ define fault and explain how it is formed.
❖ describe the three types of fault and relate the types of stress
associated with each type.
❖ describe the effects of bending of rocks along faults.
❖ Simulate how movements along faults generate earthquakes
using models.
 LET'S RECALL
Identifying Cities in Metro Manila that is under
West Valley Fault
 The red line
represents the
WEST VALLEY
FAULT. You will
find the different
cities near on this
line by doing the
activity.
DIRECTIONS: LOOK AT THE FOLLOWING
SCRAMBLED WORDS. REARRANGED THE LETTERS
TO FORM THE CITY THAT LIES ALONG THE WEST
VALLEY FAULT. WRITE YOUR ANSWER ON THE
SPACE PROVIDED.

1. IUGATG ________________________
2. YADULGNONAM ________________________
3. KAITAM ________________________
4. UENOQZ ________________________
5. NUMITLUAP ________________________
Faults
What is Fault?
FAULTS are large crustal features between two blocks
of rock which move to one another. It allows the
blocks to move relative to each other.
 THREE TYPES OF
FAULT:
• Normal Fault
• Reverse Fault
• Strike Slip Fault
Normal Fault
It is a kind of fault created
by “stress” or tension in
rock layers. This tension
causes rock layers to fall
apart from each other.
This fault happens at
divergent plate
boundaries.
Reverse Fault
The reverse of normal
fault. The stress caused
compression of rocks.
Rocks are pressed or
squeezed from each other.
This fault happens at
convergent pale
boundaries.
Strike Slip Fault
Too much bending of rocks
occurs until it reaches a
limit and the rocks
snapped. This caused rocks
to straighten out and
vibrate. The vibration
travels in all directions.
Earthq
uake
What is Earthquake?
EARTHQUAKE is a sudden and violent shaking of
the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a
result of movements within the earth's crust or
volcanic action.
HOW MOVEMENT
ALONG A FAULT
GENERATES AN
EARTHQUAKE?
 It is natural that stress forms boundary while
tectonic plates are moving, deforming the rocks
and thereby storing potential energy. When the
rocks are deformed beyond the limit, the rocks
break, and stored potential energy is suddenly
released as an earthquake.
 Thank you for
ThankListening!
you for Listening!