BS-IT (Semester 1) 2024

Presentation about:
“understanding of
active and passive
voice”
GROUP MEMBERS:
 MUBASHAR ALI IMRAN

 MUHAMMAD ZUBAIR

 MUHAMMAD AMIR
Voice: what it
is?

 Voice (Sound) ×

 In English language:
Methods of speaking
 The voice of a verb expresses whether the subject in the
sentence has performed or received the action.

Example:

A.V: The watchman opens the door

What is a
voice of verb? P.V: The door is opened by the
watchman

A.V: I love you.

P.V: You loved by me

Voice – What Is
It? The Two
Voices in the
English
Language
Understanding the two distinct voices in the English language is crucial
for effective communication, public speaking, and language mastery.
This presentation will explore the key elements that define these
voices and how to leverage them to enhance your linguistic abilities.
What is the Active Voice? – Meaning
and
Definition Active Voice
Definition Clarity Subject Focus
The active voice is a Active voice sentences In active voice, the focus is
grammatical construction are typically more direct, on the subject and the
where the subject of the concise, and easier to action they are taking,
sentence performs the understand compared to rather than on the
action described by the passive voice. recipient of the action.
verb.
What is passive voice? Meaning
and definition
Passive voice is a grammatical construction where the subject of the sentence receives
the action of the verb, rather than performing the action. In passive voice, the focus
shifts from the agent (the doer of the action) to the receiver of the action.

• Passive voice emphasizes the action rather than the actor.

• It is formed by using a form of the verb "to be" (is/was/will be) plus the past
participle of the main verb.

• Passive voice is often used when the agent is unknown, unimportant, or to

create a more formal, impersonal tone.
Important Points to Remember:
Active and Passive Voice

Voice Defines the Subject- Passive Voice is More Formal

Object Relationship Passive voice constructions tend to be more
The active voice places the subject as the doer formal and impersonal, often used in academic
of the action, while the passive voice shifts the and scientific writing.
focus to the receiver of the action.

Passive Voice Can Maintain Consistent Voice

Obscure Responsibility It's important to maintain a consistent voice
The passive voice can sometimes be used to within a piece of writing, using either active or
avoid directly stating who or what performed an passive constructions throughout.
action, making it less direct.
Rules to change active voice
into passive voice
Identify the Subject
Determine the subject of the active voice sentence - this will become the object in the
passive voice.

Reverse the Order

Flip the sentence structure so the object becomes the subject and the subject
becomes the object.

Add the Verb "to be"

Insert an appropriate form of the verb "to be" (is, was, will be, etc.) before the main
verb.
Rules to convert active form into passive voice in the tenses

Present indefinite tense:

Simple:

Active form: S+F1+s/es+O

Passive form:O+is/am/are+F3+by+S

Negative :

Active form:Subject + Do/does+ not + V1 + Object

Passive form:Object + is/am/are+ not + V3+ by Subject

Interrogative:

Active form:Does+ Subject+ V1+Object+?

Passive form:Is/am/are + Object+ V3+ by subject +?
 Examples:

Active: He reads a novel.

Passive: A novel is read by him.

Active: He does not cook food.

Passive: Food is not cooked by him.

Active: Does he purchase books?

Passive: Are books purchased by him?
Present continuous tenses
 Examples:

Active: Esha is singing a song.

Passive: A song is being sung by Esha.

Active: Kritika is not chopping vegetables.

Passive: Vegetables are not being chopped by Kritika.

Active: Is Ritika buying a table?

Passive: Is a table being bought by Ritika?
Present perfect tense:
Examples:

Active: Nitesh has challenged her.

Passive: She has been challenged by
Nitesh.

Active: Radhika has not written an

article.
Passive: An article has not been
written by Radhika.

Active: Have they left the apartment?

Passive: Has apartment been left by
them?
Present perfect continuous tenses:

/ No passive voice /
Past indefinite tenses EXAMPLES:
Active: Reema cleaned the floor.
Passive: The floor was cleaned by
Reema.

Active: Aisha bought a bicycle.

Passive: A bicycle was bought by
Aisha.

Active: Numan called my friends.

Passive: My friends were called by
Numan.
Past Continuous tenses:
Examples:

Active: Zubair was

painting the wall.

Passive: The wall was

being painted by Zubair.
Past perfect tenses:

Examples:

Active: Husnain had cleaned

the floor.

Passive: The floor had been

cleaned by Husnain.
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSES:

/ NO PASSIVE VOICE /
FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSES:
Examples:
Active: Amina will sew the bag.
Passive: The bag will be sewed by Amina.

Active: Faraz will not arrange the things.

Passive: The things will not be arranged by
Faraz.

Active: Will you mop the floor?

Passive: Will the floor be mopped by you?
Future continuous tenses:

/ No passive voice/
Future perfect tenses: Examples:
Active: They will have
brought the toy.
Passive: The toy will have
been brought by them.

Active: Abu Bakr will not

have changed the table
cover.
Passive: The table cover
will not have been changed
by Abu Bakr.
FUTURE PERFECT
CONTINUOUS TENSES:

/ NO PASSIVE VOICE /
 Imperative Converting to Maintaining
Examples

Structure
Passive Meaning
Sentences

Imperative To change an

of
1. Open the The passive version
sentences imperative door. → Let conveys the same
give direct sentence to meaning as the original

Imperative
the door be
commands or passive voice, imperative, but with a
opened.
start with "Let" more formal,
instructions.

Sentences followed by the 2. Clean th. e

They impersonal tone.
object and then house. → Let
typically start

to Change
the verb. the house be
with a verb. Cleaned

into NOTE:

Structure: Object + should be + V3.

Passive E.G.: Obey your parents.

Another way:
Parents should be obeyed.y

Voice You are (requested to/advised to/ordered to + V1 + object.

Use of modal verbs to change
into passive voice
To change sentences with modal verbs into the passive voice, the structure is:

Modal Verb Be + Past Participle

Can Can be done

Could Could be done

May May be done

Might Might be done

Must Must be done

Should Should be done

Will Will be done

Would Would be done

For example, "The team can complete the project" becomes "The project can be completed (by the team)."
 Conclusion:
Active sentences have the subject coming before the verb.

E.g. They opened the door.

S V O

He kicked the ball.

S V O

Sometimes however, a speaker or writer may not wish to focus on the ‘subject’ but on the ‘object’
of the sentence.

E.g. The ball was kicked (by him)