SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT

Buitems, Quetta

Prepared by Shah Mehboob and its team Presented to Mr. Taimoor Sahb
 Solid Waste Management

The complete process of collecting,

treating and disposing of solid wastes.
SWM at Buitems,
Quetta

The SWM system at Buitems,

Quetta is pretty good but not best
due to lack of several key
components of an EMS.
MAJOR KEY COMPONENTS OF EMS
1. Legal & other requirements

• Open dumping

• Air and Soil pollution

• Waste burning
MAJOR KEY COMPONENTS OF EMS
2. Environmental Aspects Related
Operations & Activities

• Land pollution

• Emission of methane

• Hazardous waste
MAJOR KEY COMPONENTS OF EMS
3. Environmental Policy

• Lack of Awareness
• Lack of Resources

 Policy Statement
 Compliance
 Waste Reduction and Minimization
 Recycling and Resource Recovery
 Waste Disposal
 Education and Awareness
 Monitoring and Continuous Improvement
MAJOR KEY COMPONENTS OF EMS
4. Roles & Responsibilities

• To ensure that everyone understands

their environmental management
responsibilities and contributes to the
achievement of environmental
objectives.
MAJOR KEY COMPONENTS OF EMS
5. Objectives & Targets

 Objectives:
• Minimize waste generation
• Increase recycling rates
• Implement waste segregation
• Promote waste-to-energy initiatives
• Enhance waste management infrastructure
• Foster a culture of sustainability

 Targets:
• Reduce overall solid waste generation
• Achieve a recycling rate of Z% by implementing comprehensive recycling programs
and infrastructure.
• Establish waste segregation systems in all university buildings and ensure proper
disposal of segregated waste by a specified deadline.
MAJOR KEY COMPONENTS OF EMS
6. Environmental Management Program

 Framework

• Develop a comprehensive environmental management program for

solid waste management.

• Include specific actions, timelines, responsible parties, and required

resources.

• Implement waste reduction, recycling, and proper disposal practices.

• Promote sustainable waste management practices and encourage the

participation of staff and students.
MAJOR KEY COMPONENTS OF EMS
7. Operational Controls

• Implement operational controls to manage solid waste effectively.

• Develop procedures for waste segregation, handling, storage, and

transportation.

• Ensure proper labeling and signage to guide waste segregation.

• Establish protocols for the management of hazardous and toxic waste.

MAJOR KEY COMPONENTS OF EMS
8. Monitoring & Measurement Needs

• Identify the key performance indicators (KPIs) to measure the effectiveness of

solid waste management.

• Establish monitoring and measurement procedures to track waste generation,

recycling rates, waste reduction, and other relevant parameters.

• Regularly review the data and analyze trends to identify areas for improvement.
MAJOR KEY COMPONENTS OF EMS
9. Initial Employee Awareness

• Conduct awareness programs and training sessions for employees to educate

them about solid waste management practices.

• Promote waste reduction, recycling, and responsible waste disposal habits among
employees.

• Encourage employee Awareness and participation in the solid waste management

program.

• Clearly define employees' roles and responsibilities in waste management and

explain how their actions contribute to achieving waste reduction goals.
MAJOR KEY COMPONENTS OF EMS
10. Prepare EMS Documentation

• Develop and maintain documentation related to the EMS, including

policies, procedures, guidelines, and work instructions related to solid
waste management.
• Update and maintain the documentation regularly.
• Ensure easy access to relevant documentation for employees and
auditors.
• Understand the EMS framework and relevant standards (e.g., ISO
14001).
• Conduct a waste assessment to identify areas for improvement.
• Develop reporting mechanisms to communicate progress towards waste
management goals.
MAJOR KEY COMPONENTS OF EMS
11. Internal (EMS) Audit

• Develop an audit plan outlining objectives, criteria, and methods.

• Evaluate audit criteria, including legal requirements, EMS documentation,
waste management procedures, and waste reduction targets.
• Develop a checklist or questionnaire to guide the audit process.
• Review EMS documentation, including waste management procedures,
training materials, waste audits, monitoring reports, and corrective action logs.
• Conduct regular internal audits to assess the effectiveness of the EMS
implementation.
• Collect and analyze data related to waste generation, recycling rates, waste
audits, and monitoring reports.
• Document findings and develop corrective action plans.
MAJOR KEY COMPONENTS OF EMS
12. Conduct Management Review

• Assess the achievement of objectives and targets and review the

effectiveness of implemented programs.
• Assess the achievement of waste management objectives and targets set by
the university.
• Use the management review as an opportunity to make necessary
improvements and set new goals.
• Conduct periodic management reviews of the EMS for solid waste
management.
• Consider feedback from internal audits, stakeholder input, and changing
circumstances.
• Implement the action plans, monitor progress, and provide necessary support
& information.
 SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.
 Step 1
• How much waste is generated at university?
• 1 day: 2 tons
• 1 week: 14 tons
• 1 month: 60 tons
• 1 year: 730 tons
 Step 2
• How waste is segregated?
• Dr. Malik akhter conducted 1-Day Training Session on Solid Waste Segregation and
installed 15 Color-Code Bins on JUNE 7th, 2023 inaugurated by Mr. Essa Tahir (Area
Program Manager Balochistan IRP). On other hand, there are total 50+ single
dustbins installed at different locations inside university.
Single Dustbins installed at different locations in the university

Office dustbin Infront of the Offices Corridor Dustbin

 Single Dustbins installed at different locations in the university

Inside SS- block Dustbin Canteen Dustbin Infront of canteen Dustbin

 SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.
 Step 3
• Is waste open dumped or incinerated?
Total waste of our university is open dumped
at back side of Markhoor auditorium.

 Step 4
• Which vehicle is used for transporting waste
from university to dumping site?
Two types of tractors are used i.e (1) Manual
tractor, (2) Hydraulic tractor.
 SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.

 Step 5
• How much fuel is consumed while using these vehicles for transporting
waste from university to dumping site?
1 day: 5 litres
1 week: 35 litres
1 month: 150 litres
1 year: 1825 litres
 SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.
 Step 6
• Transporting schedule of waste from rooms, coridoors, and roadside to
dumping site?
After every 2nd day the waste is transported from university to dumping site.

 Step 7
• How waste is transported from rooms, coridoors, inside SS-block and
around roadside to dumping site?
First all waste from rooms, coridoors, and inside SS-block is collected inside a
bulky bin manually functioned and is loaded inside a hydraulic tractor.
SWM Cycle at Buitems, Quetta

→ → →

↓
→ ←
 SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.

 Step 8
• Which strategies are used while management of wastes at university ?
There are no proper strategies and standards to follow for management of
wastes.

 Step 9
• Who manage university wastes ?
Karim Baloch manage all university wastes at admin block.
 SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.
 Step 10
• What are effects of open waste dumping on our environment ?
• Land Pollution
• Water Pollution
• Air Pollution
• Climate Change
• Disease
• Plant Death
• Animal and Marine Death
• Loss of Habitats and Biodiversity
• Worsening Infrastructure
• “Dead” Zones
 SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.
 Step 11
• Which strategies have to be followed for solid waste management ?
• Conduct a Waste Audit
• Embrace Source Reduction
• Promote Reuse and Repurposing
• Implement Recycling Programs
• Composting Organic Waste
• Encourage Responsible E-Waste Disposal
• Explore Waste-to-Energy Options
• Establish Partnerships with Waste Management Companies
• Educate and Engage the Community
• Continuous Monitoring and Improvement
 SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.
 Step 12
• Which Goals and Objectives of solid waste management have to achieve ?
 SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.
 Step 13
• Legal and institutional framework regarding Solid Waste Management in
Pakistan ?
• Pakistan Environmental Protection Act (PEPA) 1997.
• Section 11 of the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act prohibits discharge of
waste in an amount or concentration that violates the National Environmental
Quality Standards (NEQS).
• Hazardous Substances Rules of 1999.
• Guidelines for Hospital Waste Management since 1998 prepared by the
Environmental Health Unit of the Ministry of Health, Government of Pakistan.
• Hospital Waste Management Rules 2005.
 SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.
 Step 13, Cont...
• Hazardous Substances Rules 2003.
• National Environment Quality Standards Rules.
• Islamabad Capital Territory Bye Laws, 1968 by Capital Development Authority
Islamabad.
• Section 132 of the Cantonment Act 1924 deals with Deposits and disposal of
rubbish etc.
• There is also Prime Minister’s committee on Climate Change which was
established to ensure that Pakistan fulfills requirements of Clean Development
Mechanism (CDM) under the Kyoto Protocol. This committee has a sub-
divisional level technical committee on Waste Management.
 SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.
 Step 13, Cont...
• In 1994 Pakistan joined Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary
Movements of Hazardous Waste and Their Disposal. The Convention aims at
enabling the member countries to initiate “environmentally-sound management”
(ESM), the purpose of which is to protect human health and the environment by
minimizing hazardous waste production.
• The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 Section 12 directs that an Initial
Environmental Examination (IEE), and wherever the project is likely to cause an
adverse environmental effect, an environmental impact assessment be filed with
the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for review and approval before the
initiation of construction at site.
• Currently the World Bank is supporting the Urban Unit of Government of Punjab
responsible for reforming the solid waste management practices in the Province.
SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.
 SWM system at Buitems, Quetta.
 Step 13

• SWM AND TREATMENT METHODS

1. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

2. Thermal treatment
3. Dumps and Land filling
4. Biological waste treatment
5. Integrated Solid Waste Management
 References
1. Ashraf, U., Hameed, I., & Chaudhary, M. N. (2016). Solid waste management practices under public
and private sector in Lahore, Pakistan. Bulletin of Environmental Studies, 1(4), 98-105.
2. EPA, P. 1997. Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997. Government of Pakistan, Ministry of
Environment.
3. Marshall, R. E., & Farahbakhsh, K. 2013. Systems approaches to integrated solid waste management
in developing countries. Waste Management, 33(4), 988-1003.
4. Visvanathan, C., &Trankler, J. 2003. Municipal solid waste management in Asia: a comparative
analysis. In Workshop on Sustainable Landfill Management (pp. 3-5).
5. Hoornweg, D., & Thomas, L. 1999. What a waste: solid waste management in Asia. The World Bank.
[Accessed 15 January 2016. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/
INTURBANDEVELOPMENT/Resources/336387- 1334852610766/What_a_Waste2012_Final.pdf]
6. Zedan, H. (2004). 2004 IUCN red list of threatened species: a global species assessment. Iucn.
7. Government of Pakistan. 2005. ≈(Draft) Guideline for Solid Waste Management.∆ Islamabad: Pakistan
Environmental Protection Agency
8. http://www.cyen.org/innovaeditor/assets/Solid%20waste%20 management.pdf
9. http://www.worldbank.org/urban/solid_wm/erm/CWG%20folde r/conceptualframework.pdf
10. www.environment.gov.pk/PRO_PDF/.../Brief-SWM- %20Pak.pd
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