CHAPTER 5

SPIRITUAL AND
INTELLECTUAL
COMPONENTS, AND
VOCATIONAL AND SURVIVAL
ASPECTS OF THERAPEUTIC
COMMUNITY
 SPIRITUAL AND
INTELLECTUAL
COMPONENTS OF TCMP

As the BJMP aims to institutionalize

Therapeutic Community Modality program in
all jails nationwide, the Intellectual and
Spiritual Component hopes to enhance the
spiritual and intellectual dimension of the
residents by providing opportunities for them
to develop self-worth and productivity. 2
SPIRITUALITY

* IS ANY ACTION OR ACTIVITY THAT REFLECTS OR BRINGS GOODNESS IN A MAN.

IT IS A BROAD CONCEPT OF A BELIEF IN SOMETHING BEYOND THE SELF. IT MAY
INVOLVE RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS CENTERING ON THE BELIEF IN A HIGHER POWER,
BUT IT CAN ALSO INVOLVE HOLISTIC BELIEFS IN AN INDIVIDUAL CONNECTION TO
OTHERS AND TO THE WORLD AS A WHOLE (SCOTT,2020). IT SUMMARIZES A MAN’S
RELATIONSHIP WITH HIMSELF, OTHERS, AND THE SUPREME BEING.
*SPIRITUALITY IN TCMP IS DESIGNED TO RESPOND TO THE INNER LONGING OF
RESIDENTS TO FIND GREATER FAITH WHERE THEY CAN ANCHOR THEMSELVES
WITHIN THEIR STRUGGLE TO FIND MEANING TO THEIR EXISTENCE. THE SPIRITUAL
EXPLORE THE MEANING AND PURPOSE OF THEIR EXISTENCE AND THEIR
PARTICULAR PLACE IN THE WORLD.
 THE OBJECTIVES OF
SPIRITUALITY WITHIN THE
TCM PROGRAM ARE AS
FOLLOWS:
1. TO ENHANCE THE PERSONAL AND
SPIRITUAL WELL-BEING OF RESIDENTS

2. TO APPRECIATE THE VALUE OF THE WORLD

OF GOD IN RELATION TO THEIR LIFE AND AS
NOURISHMENT TO THE SOUL

3. TO GIVE OPPORTUNITY FOR THE

RESIDENTS TO EXPERIENCE SPECIAL
ENCOUNTERS AND HEALING FROM GOD

4. TO GIVE OPPORTUNITY FOR THE

RESIDENTS TO EXPERIENCE SPECIAL
ENCOUNTERS AND HEALING FROM GOD
 THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY
PHILOSOPHY
 The TCP embodies all the challenges and aspirations of
most residents who are alienated and the desire to
overcome the imposed limitations on their freedom and
find their own place where they could feel safe and
welcome. It acknowledge the importance of fellowship in
shaping ones behavior and motivating ones fortitude of
helping himself and others. It likewise serves as his
anchor in times of emotional turmoil which he can always
go back to and reflect. It forms emotional binding among
the participants knowing that they are grounded on the
same philosophy. 5
THE TCP ARE AS FOLLOWS:

A. SURRENDER
- “I AM HERE BECAUSE THERE IS NO
REFUGE, FINALLY FROM MYSELF”

-I AM WHERE I AM RIGHT NOW BECAUSE I

ADMIT THAT SOMETHING WENT WRONG
WITH MY LIFE THAT I HAVE NO CONTROL
OVER. I ADMIT THAT I NEED THE HELP OF
A HIGHER POWER AND OF OTHERS TO
BRING POSITIVE CHANGE IN MY LIFE.
 B. SELF-DISCLOSURE
“Until I confronted myself in the eyes and hearts of
others, I am running. Until I suffer them to share my
secrets, I have no safety from them. Afraid to be
known, I can neither know myself or any other; I will
be alone.”
I now know that unless I come out in the open and
admit my mistakes, I will forever be running from
them. I need to disclose my deepest secrets to my peers
so that I can find the right ways of dealing with them.
By opening myself up for others to see through me, I
will be from my own demons and let others guide and
help me through my ordeals. Nobody can help me
unless I let them know my woes and let them
understand that like them, I also need help.
C. REFLECTION
“where else but in our common grounds
can I find such a mirror?”
There is no better place to disclose
my feelings than in a place full of people
with similar experiences where I feel safe
and free from prejudices. People are here
for different reasons but with a common
problem. It is easy to identify with
somebody who is going through the same
experience as me.
7
D. SELF-REALIZATION E. GROWTH

 " Here together, I can  "In this ground, I can take

appear clearly to myself, root and grow"
not as the giant of my
dreams, not the dwarf of
my fears, but as a person,
part of the whole with my
share in its purpose"

8
 F.SELF-WORTH
 "Not alone anymore as in death,
but alive to myself and to others"

9
 UNWRITTEN
PHILOSOPHY OF
THERAPEUTIC
COMMUNITY
 consist of slogans or aphorisms
(matalinghagang salita)
 verbally given to the residents to
impart the beliefs and values of TC
in relation to their day to day
living.
 used to remind the residents as to
what are considered important to
them.

10
4. TRUST IN YOUR ENVIRONMENT
- there will be no change if there is no honesty and disclosure - trust must be established
- one should believe that the program could help him.

5. BE CAREFUL WHAT YOU ASK FOR, YOU MIGHT JUST GET IT

- Man by nature is ambitious

6. NO FREE LUNCH
- Nothing really comes easy
- there is no pride in getting something the easy way
- it is hard to let go of something that we labored for.
- change will not come if we will just wait for it to happen.
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12
 9. ACT AS IF
 Learning and accepting the TC program
is not easy. Most residents feel resistant
towards it .
 This philosophy teaches the residents to
go with the flow as a way of
compliance .
 In the process, they will learn to
embrace it and the behavior will soon
become natural . 13
10. UNDERSTAND RATHER THAN BE UNDERSTOOD
 It is sometimes common for us to be selfish. We find it hard to admit
our mistakes hence we tend to blame everybody but
ourselves.
 We expect everyone around us to understand our
Wrongdoings but we seldom make an effort to understand
others. Understanding others is a virtue because it speaks of
humility and patience.
 If we take the first step to know where
others are coming from, there would be fewer conflicts in
relationships 14
15
 15. YOU CAN DO IT, BUT
YOU CAN’T DO IT ALONE
 Oftentimes , we feel invincible
and indispensable knowing that
certain tasks can only be
accomplished by us . We don't
realize that we have certain
limitations that without the help
of others , the burden will be
too great for us . We should
learn to reach out for help and
admit our weaknesses .
16. PRIDE IN
QUALITY
Time flies so fast that we tend to
hurry in everything we do . We
lose our focus and do things
haphazardly just for the sake of
completion . We should always
seek quality in our work . The
product of our labor speaks of
our attitude towards life in
general .
16
17. FEELINGS DON’T THINK
- We usually react impulsively to things around us because of our
feelings . Before we can even think , an action has already been
done . Everything starts in the mind . If we think before we act ,
chances are , we will behave with contempt as we have analyzed the
process before the action .

18. GUILT KILLS

- One of the underlying reasons for depression is guilt . It is a
feeling of shame and self - blame . If a guilt feeling remains
unresolved , it can be turned inwards , thus resulting in self -
inflicted harm . 17
19. HANG TOUGH
- Sometimes , we feel that there is no end to our miseries
and we feel helpless and hopeless . No matter how dim life
seems to be , there is always hope . In every problem there
is a solution . Every problem is a learning experience that
would make us tougher in dealing with life's challenges .

20. YOU ARE YOUR BROTHER’S KEEPER

- In TC , each one is responsible for the other members of
the community . The failure of one is the failure of all .
This gives all the residents a sense of responsibility in
shepherding others . The success of the program is a
reflection of how one cares for the other . 18
 MEDITATION
 The visualization meditation is used to help an individual
establish a practice of moving his attention within, finding
his place of relaxation and a peace by contacting his inner
wisdom.
 It is done 1-2 hours, once a month. A facilitator is present
to give the instruction to the participants. Soft background
or meditation music can be used.
 This experience is unique for everyone so much so that
one’s experience may be different from others. Some may
experience visual imagery while the others may not. What
is important is to do it the most easy and natural way in
order to attain the goal and have the opportunity to relax
and enjoy the process.
 After the activity, ask the participants how they feel and
what they have learned from the experience 19
INTELLECTUAL COMPONENT
The intellectual component responds to the natural
human characteristics of yearning for knowledge in
order to attain a higher level of understanding. A well-
structured and well-implemented Intellectual
Component is an important factor in establishing a TC
for the resident. It helps the residents restore their self-
esteem as their minds become open to ideas and their
intellect does not cease to feed on a free and open
interchange of opinions. It also provides worthwhile
opportunities for learning and education that will
facilitate the PDLs to regain their human quality and
self-respect; both during their stay in the facility and
their eventual release in society.
20
 THE OBJECTIVES OF THE
INTELLECTUAL COMPONENT
OF THE TCM PROGRAM ARE AS
FOLLOWS:

21
 SEMINARS

Seminars are activities in TC that provide

intellectual stimulation and seek personal
involvement among the residents. It is
done 1-2 hours, once a week. It is a way
of providing information, improving the
resident’s speaking and writing abilities,
and enhancing their listening ability so as
to understand all the information being
presented. 22
THE TYPES OF SEMINARS
CONDUCTED ARE AS FOLLOWS:
1. DISCUSSION
- open format and allow for group
participants;
2. DATA SESSIONS
- given specific information to elicit
thoughts, creativity, and imagination;
and
3. SEMINAR SERIES
- on varied topics

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DEBATE
The debate is introduced to provide the
residents the opportunity to learn how to
reasonably and put together arguments in a
logical manner.
It is done 1-2 hours, once a month and
involves 20-30 residents, and a facilitator.
 It is also an exercise on how to listen and
formulate ideas and demonstrate a broader
understanding of certain issues.
It gives the participants certain insights into
other’s opinions which may be opposite to
their own.
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 PROCEDURE ON CONDUCTING A DEBATE

1.Divide the group into two, according to

gender or depending upon the topic for
debate.
2.Assign a group for “pro” and the other as
“con”
3.Choose the first speaker for each group.
Each group is given 5 minutes to gather their
thoughts on the issue. Each speaker is given
2 minutes. 25
1. The “pro” group is first to give their opinion on the issue for 2 minutes.
A rebuttal for 2 minutes is allotted for the “con” group.
2. The exchange of opinions is allowed for a few minutes more. Once the
majority has spoken, the facilitator will switch the stand so much so the
“pro” will now become the “con” and vice versa.
3. After the activity, the facilitator will process how the group felt when
they had to defend an issue which is contrary to their beliefs and if they
could see the reasonableness of the other’s arguments. What have they
learned from the activity? 26
VOCATIONAL AND SURVIVAL COMPONENTS
OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY

27
 Job function and hierarchical structure.
 JOB function or work assignment or arrange in
hierarchy according to seniority individual progress
and productivity.

The objectives of job function interoperative community are;

1.To develop the right attitude of the residents toward work.
2.To enhance the capability of resident in their day to day test
with utmost pride.

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 Organizational hierarchy of therapeutic community.

The objectives of having a hierarchical organization in the

therapeutic community are as follows;
1.To create an organized structure and an efficient system of
program implementation.
2.To foster the feeling of empowerment and self sufficiency among
resident.
3.To improve the line of communication between personnel and
resident.
4.The promoted self-sufficient DC utilizing the resident who
possess a variety of skills.
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Procedures and guidelines of organizational
hurricane of therapeutic community.
1. The senior member of the staff, usually the Director identifies the counselors coming from
the staff/personnel.
2. As soon as the concealers are in identified the resident of the community will submit
applications for certain design position as indicated at the hierarchical structure.
3. The applicants will be interviewed by the stuff ( Director WDO chief is court and
custodial).
4. After the interview selection of applicants for key position (coordinator and department
head)is done through the use of social metric pointing.
5. Crew members will be assigned as per assessment of the IWDO, Chief Escort and
Custodial.
6. New residents will be assigned automatically at the housekeeping department for one
month for orientation purposes.
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Functions of the Different Positions in the Hierarchy
The following are the positions or roles and their functions within the
therapeutic community, arranged from highest to lowest (BJM TCMP Manual, n.d.):

1. Coordinator:
 The Coordinator is a key figure in the community, serving as a positive role model and
addressing resident attitudes. They lead a team overseeing a specific department, such as
the kitchen. Responsibilities include reporting job changes, recommending adjustments
to the learning experience, delegating tasks as the Coordinator on Duty, and ensuring
efficient team performance. The Coordinator acts as a liaison between residents and
staff, disseminates instructions, and reports incidents beyond a resident's capacity to
handle.
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2. Coordinator On Duty:
 The Coordinator On Duty is designated to conduct inspections in various areas where
residents are allowed. They delegate tasks to other coordinators, maintain direct
communication with the Chief Expediter, record daily events and incidents, and ensure
information flow between staff and residents. This role involves evaluating incidents and
seeking acknowledgment from staff.

3. Chief Expediter:
 The Chief Expediter holds the responsibility of managing daily functions and activities
within the community. They delegate tasks to the Assistant Chief Expediter, oversee the
daily schedule, and communicate with department heads to ensure job execution. This
position plays a crucial role in the efficient operation of the community and monitoring all
activities to maintain a well-functioning environment. Communicates with Coordinator of
the Day on an hourly basis. 32
 4. Assistant Chief Expediter
Responsible for execution of directives from the chief
expediter.
Supervises the activity inside the dormitories.
Monitors overall function of the different departments and
reports to the chief all the incidences.
Facilitates department head meetings im the absence of the
chief expediter, job changes and requests. (e.g. request for
phone calls)
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5. Department Head
 Conducts departmental meetings before job function.
 Delegates specific tasks to team members and monitors individual conduct.
 Monitors participation of members to activities of the program (Morning Meeting, Seminars and
Group Sessions)
 Checks attendance and whereabouts of team members.
 Attends department heads pre-evaluation meetings regarding job change.
 Recommends grants or denies team members' in-house requests in the department head meeting.
 Conducts post evaluation to residents regarding the result of their requests.
 Screens team members' requests.

6. Department Crew
 Responsible for carrying-out tasks, duties and responsibilities of their concerned
departments.
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 TCMP DEPARTMENTS AND
FUNCTIONS
 The following are the different departments within the Therapeutic
Community and their functions (BJMP TCMP Manual, n.d.):

1. Business Office Department (BOD)

 Welcomes new members of the family and makes sure that policies,
rules and
 their limitations are clear.
 Responsible for facilitating younger members' groups by sharing
experiences.
35
 Role model that shows how to overcome trying circumstances (coping,
adjustment, etc.)
 Orient new residents on how to drop slips, ventilate feelings in the encounter
group, use the behavior shaping tools, and internalize the TC Philosophy and
Unwritten Philosophies.
 Provide support to residents when needed.
 Prepares sequence of programs for special events and disseminates all written
communications.
 Maintains and updates bulletin board postages and announcements.
 Updates profile of residents (Name, Address, Age, Status, Birth date, Ethnic
Origin, etc.) and provides a list of residents in the Tagboard to be posted in
every dormitory.
 Prepares sound system in every activity. 36
2. EXPEDITING TEAM

37
3. KITCHEN DEPARTMENT

 Prepares and cooks food for daily consumption.

 Maintains the quality of food and dietary requirements of every menu.
 Preserves a sanitary working environment and maintains kitchen equipment
properly.
 Manages quantity of food servings to minimize wastage.
 Prepare a menu for special requirements and occasions.
 Serves meals on time.
 Ensures proper storage of food items to avoid spoilage and contamination.
 Conduct regular health screening of kitchen workers.
 Maintains proper washing of dishes and kitchens utensils and proper disposal
38
4. MAINTENANCE AND LANDSCAPING
 Maintains cleanliness of grounds.
 Responsible in planting, watering, and trimming of plants, trees
and flower beds.
 Maintain inventory of materials and equipment.
 Informs staff of any equipment that needs repair or replacement.
 Responsible in making minor repairs of jail facilities and
equipment.
 Responsible for monitoring proper usage of
water and electricity.
39
5. HOUSEKEEPING DEPARTMENT

Maintains the cleanliness of the cell area, mess hall, visitation

area and visitor's conform room.
Maintains inventory of housekeeping materials such as brooms,
dustpan, rugs, floorwax etc.
Provides proper storage of housekeeping materials.

40
 6. LAUNDRY
DEPARTMENT
-Assigns and schedules laundry time for every
dorm.
-Designates and maintains hanging area for
washed clothing.
-Collects the dried washed clothing and
distributes to the respective dorms.

41
 STAFF FUNCTIONS:
1. DIRECTOR:
 The Warden serves as the
Director.
 Oversees all program activities.
 Designates staff as Counselors.
 Makes final decisions on
sanctions for residents.
2. ASSISTANT DIRECTOR :
Usually the Assistant Warden.
Assumes Director's
responsibilities in their
absence.
Reports directly to the
Director and assists in their
duties.
42
 3. COUNSELOR:
Responsible for daily TC activities.
Monitors department activities.
Conducts individual counseling and group
facilitation.
Supports community as the primary change
agent and builds community function
around hierarchy.
43
 THE JOB CHANGES IN THE THERAPEUTIC
COMMUNITY (BJMP TCMP MANUAL) INCLUDE:

44
3. JOB CHANGE: VACATED POSITION UPON
RELEASE

45
 LIVELIHOOD AND SKILLS
TRAINING
 The objectives of liveliy and skills training in the TCM program are( BJMP TCMP,
manual, n.d):

1.To motivate the participation of the residents in the livelihood and skills training in
preparation for reintegration to the mainstream of society.

2.To cultivate and enhance one's capacity to become productive and improve self Worth

The IWDO will conduct the skill inventory of the residents to determine
appropriate skills training needed. With the help of skills staff and out sourced trainer,
resident are trained on their specific field of interest which could be their source of
livelihood once they are release
From jail. 46
 THE VOCATIONAL SKILL TRAINING
INCLUDES BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO:
Automotive
 Culinary arts  Masonry and carpentry
 Basic Stell fabricay  Tailoring and dressmaking
 Beads making Enhancement  Furniture
 Rug making  Lantern and Christmas
 Wood earving decor making
 Flower making  T-shirt printing
 Massage therapy  Basket weaving
 Artistry  Shell craft
 Basic electricity  Guitar making
 Organic farming
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THANK YOU!

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