CLASSROOM RULES

1. Listen and Quiet

2. Sit properly and Hands on the table
3.No things on the table that is not related to the subject
4. Follow directions
5. Raise your hand if you want to talk
6. Ask permission if you go out
LEARN MORE

7. Do not use phone if not necessary

 Reviewing the Elements of Music
MELODY- is a succession of tones forming a line of individual significance
and expressive value; also known as the tune, voice or line, in music. Melody
has direction and range

HARMONY- the simultaneous occurrence of musical tones whether consonant

or dissonant; it refers to the vertical structure of music (while melody pertains to
the horizontal elements of music)
 Reviewing the Elements of Music
RHYTHM- may be broadly defined as everything pertaining to the duration
(long or short) of musical sounds.
Example: Slow -one - beat per second ( ct. 1, 2, 3, 4 )
Moderate - two beats per second; a little slower ( ct. 1
and 2, 3 and 4 )
Fast - Four beats per second; quick ( ct. 1234, 1234,
1234, 1234 )
 Reviewing the Elements of Music
TEXTURE- the horizontal (melodic lines) and vertical (chords) relationships of musical materials, comparable to the
interweaving of the warp and woof of woven fabric; the way multiple voices or instruments interact in a composition.
KINDS:
 Monophonic Music- represented by a single melodic line
 Homophonic Music- also called “accompanied melody”; consists of a single melodic line (horizontal)
supported at various points by chords (vertical)
 Polyphonic Music- consists of two or more horizontal lines of individual design, connected with each other
by the vertical relationship of consonance or harmony.
 Heterophonic Music- a term used by Plato and adopted by modern musicologist to describe a primitive
type of polyphony in which two or more performers produce essentially the same melody with
slight modifications in one part mainly that of omission or addition of some notes.
 Indonesia
the Indonesians have a very rich forms of music and functioning in varied
means of their lives. Their music is one of the most ancient in Asia and is
divided into two major parts.

Javanese Music Balinese Music

It is known for its refined and It is more lively and percussive,
intricate melodies, emphasizing often accompanied with dance.
harmony and subtle variations
 Indonesia
The Gamelan or Gamelan orchestra is the most popular form of music in
Indonesia. There are many types of Gamelan but the famous Javanese and
Balinese Gamelan are the most famous. It contains a variety of instruments such
as metallophones, xylophones, kendang and gongs, bamboo flutes, bowed and
plucked strings.

Vocal music is used as ornamentation of the Gamelan. It is as important as

Gamelan.
1. Pesindhen is a female soloist singer who sings with a Gamelan.
2. Gerong refers to the unison male chorus that sings with the Gamelan.
 Indonesian Songs
Burung Kakak Tua
It is a folk song about a colorful bird named cockatoo or kakatua in
Indonesia. In the song, one grand mother listens intently as the birds sing. This
song is about the joy of one who listens to the music of the birds.
Si patokaan
A traditional song from North Sulawesi. It has a lot of meaning about a
son who went to immigrate from his hometown to the city with the hope he
could reach the success. His mother who loved him badly gave an advise to him
to survive there.
 Musical Elements Found in Si Patokaan

Elements of Music Si Patokaan: A folk Song in Indonesia

Timbre Nasal
Rhythm Moderate in tempo
Texture Monophonic
Melody Uses slendro and pelog scales
 THAILAND
Siam is the old name of Thailand. It is known for being the sole nation in
Southeast Asia that has never been ruled by a Western power. It is for this reason
that the country is also called “Muang Thai,” which means “Land of the
Free.” History and geography indicates that Thai music is a conglomeration of
Asian influences. Its musical principles and elements are basically derived from
Chinese music, while its musical instruments are inspired from the Indian and
Indonesian strings and gongchimes.
 THAILAND
The Thais combined and adapted these to their culture and created their
own unique music. Thai folk music consists of simple songs with simple melodic
lines. Its main focus in singing is the articulation of the text rather than the style
or technique of execution.
Songs of Thailand have inherently poetic lyrics which allow a singer or
performer to easily define the melodic lines. It provides the singer the
opportunity to improvise song text to suit the given occasion. The interpretation
of a singer gives meaning to the sacred and spiritual essence of songs with free
rhythm while melodies may either be interpreted or written in the high or low
register with long or short durations.
 Thailand Song
Chaang
It is a folk song for children. It shows the love and respect of Thai
people have for elephants and it is deeply embedded in their culture and hisory.
Musical Elements present in vocal and
instrumental music of Thailand
Timbre Vocal-Nasal; instrumental-drums, xylophone, flute, and lute
Rhythm Moderate
Texture Heterophonic
Melody Uses pentatonic scale or the seven-tone scale
 Cambodia
Cambodia is one of the most beautiful countries in Southeast Asia. It is also
known as Kâmpŭchéa. It was the center of the Khmer (Cambodian) kingdom of
Angkor, a great empire that dominated Southeast Asia for 600 years. Their music
gained a world-wide reputation in the 1960s until the dramatic political problems
in Cambodia.
Cambodian court music is roughly similar to that of Java, Indonesia. They
feature choruses with large orchestras based on struck keys and gongs.
 Cambodia
The Pinpeat is a is a Cambodian musical ensemble or an orchestra that
usually accompanies ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples. Music is
always part of their court dances, masked plays, shadow plays, and religious
ceremonies. This group is similar to the Piphat ensemble of Thailand and usually
consists of nine or ten instruments.
Musical Elements present in vocal and
instrumental music of Cambodia
Timbre Vocal-Nasal
Rhythm Mostly in duple meter or 2/4 time signature
Texture Heterophonic
Melody Uses pentatonic scale or the seven-tone scale
 Myanmar
The music of Myanmar (or Burma) has similarities with many other
musical traditions in the region, including Chinese music and Thai music,
probably because its longest land border is shared with China.
The Hsaing Waing is Myanmar’s traditional folk music ensemble. It is made
up mainly of different gongs and drums as well as other instruments depending
on the nature of the performance.
 Myanmar

Social function of Myanmar Music

• Byaw- Played at religious festivals

• Pat pyo- royal court music
• Iwan chin- Songs of longing
• Bole- Songs of sorrow
Musical Elements present in vocal and
instrumental music of Myanmar
Timbre Vocal-Nasal
Rhythm Mostly in duple meter or 2/4
Texture Heterophonic
Melody Uses pentatonic scale or the seven-tone scale
Review
An Arrange and organize sound

Music

Unarranged and unorganized sound

Noise
 It may be broadly defined as everything pertaining to the duration (long or

short) of musical sounds

Rhythm
It is a succession of tones forming a line of individual significance and expressive
value; also known as the tune, voice or line, in music. Melody has direction and range

Melody
 It is the heartbeat of music

Beat

What is the reason why the sound in music is organized and arranged?

Musical Elements
 It refers to the vertical structure of music (while melody pertains to the
horizontal elements of music)

Harmony
the horizontal (melodic lines) and vertical (chords) relationships of musical materials

Texture
 It is known for its refined and intricate melodies, emphasizing harmony
and subtle variations

Javanese Music
It is more lively and percussive, often accompanied with dance.

Balinese Music
is a female soloist singer who sings with a Gamelan.

Pesindhen
refers to the unison male chorus that sings with the Gamelan.

Gerong
is the most popular form of music in Indonesia.

Gamelan
It is a folk song about a colorful bird named cockatoo or kakatua in Indonesia.

Burung Kakak Tua

It has a lot of meaning about a son who went to immigrate from his hometown to
the city with the hope he could reach the success.

Si Patokaan
is the old name of Thailand.

Siam
 Thailand is also called “Muang Thai,” which means

“Land of the Free.”

It is a folk song for children. It shows the love and respect of Thai people have for elephants
and it is deeply embedded in their culture and hisory.

Chaang
 It is one of the most beautiful countries in Southeast Asia. It is also known as
Kâmpŭchéa.

Cambodia
It is a is a Cambodian musical ensemble or an orchestra that usually accompanies
ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples.

Pinpeat
It is Myanmar’s traditional folk music ensemble. It is made up mainly of different
gongs and drums as well as other instruments depending on the nature of the
performance.

Hsaing Waing
What is the Social function of Myanmar Music ?

Byaw, Pat Pyo

Iwan chin, Bole
Directions: Get ¼ sheet of paper. Read and analyze the question/ statement carefully.
Write your answer directly on your paper. Do not copy the question/statement.

1. An Arrange and organize sound.

2. The horizontal (melodic lines) and vertical (chords) relationships of musical materials
3. It is more lively and percussive, often accompanied with dance.
4. It is a folk song about a colorful bird named cockatoo in Indonesia
5. Thailand is also called “Muang Thai,” which means
6. is the old name of Thailand.
7. It is a female soloist singer who sings with a Gamelan.
8. It is a folk song for children. It shows the love and respect of Thai people have for
elephants and it is deeply embedded in their culture and hisory.
9. It is one of the most beautiful countries in Southeast Asia. It is also known as
Kâmpŭchéa.
10. It is a is a Cambodian musical ensemble or an orchestra that usually accompanies
ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples.
Musical Instruments in Southeast
Asia
Indonesian
Gamelan
Gambang Bonang Kempur Kethuk

Rebab Kendhang
Kenong

Kempyang
Thailand
Piphat
Ensemble
 Ching Klong that Taphon

Ranat Ek
Khong Wong Pi Nai
Cambodia
Pinpeat
Ensemble
Samphor Roneat

Ching Skor thom Khong Wong

 Myanmar Saung-gauk’s

Instruments
wa

Mi gyaung

Si
End
z

4. Bonang
Activity: Guess Where I Belong 3. Pi Nai
1. Kempur 2. Saung-gauk’s

6. Klong that 7. Ching

5. Mi gyaung

10. Kendhang
8. Ranat Ek 9. Kempyang