Types of Computer Networks

Understanding Different Networking Structures

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 Introduction to Computer Networks

• - A computer network is a set of computers connected together for the

purpose of sharing resources.
• - Networks are essential for communication, data transfer, and resource
sharing in modern society.
• - They enable connectivity between devices locally and globally.
 Local Area Network (LAN)

• - A LAN is a network that connects computers within a limited area such as

a residence, school, or office building.
• - Characteristics:
• * High data transfer rates.
• * Limited geographic range (usually a few kilometers).
• - Typical Uses:
• * Connecting personal computers, printers, and other devices in a single
building.
• - Advantages:
• * High speed.
• * Low cost.
• - Disadvantages:
• * Limited to a small area.
 Wide Area Network (WAN)

• - A WAN spans a large geographic area, often a country or continent.

• - Characteristics:
• * Lower data transfer rates compared to LANs.
• * Covers vast distances using telecommunications networks.
• - Examples:
• * The internet.
• * Corporate networks connecting multiple office locations.
• - Advantages:
• * Can connect networks across large distances.
• - Disadvantages:
• * Higher cost.
• * More complex management.
 Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

• - A MAN covers a larger area than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, typically
a city or a large campus.
• - Characteristics:
• * Intermediate range of network.
• * Designed for high-speed connectivity.
• - Examples:
• * City-wide Wi-Fi networks.
• * University campus networks.
• - Advantages:
• * Higher speed than WAN.
• * Covers larger area than LAN.
• - Disadvantages:
• * More expensive than LAN.
• * May require more infrastructure.
 Other Types of Networks

• - Personal Area Network (PAN):

• * Connects personal devices over a short distance (e.g., Bluetooth, USB
connections).
• * Example: Connecting a smartphone to a laptop.
• - Storage Area Network (SAN):
• * A high-speed network that connects storage devices to servers.
• * Example: Enterprise data centers.
• - Campus Area Network (CAN):
• * Connects multiple LANs within a limited geographic area such as a
university campus.
• * Example: College or university networks.
 Summary and Conclusion

• - Recap:
• * LAN: Local, high-speed networks.
• * WAN: Wide-area, global networks.
• * MAN: City-wide, high-speed networks.
• * PAN, SAN, CAN: Specialized networks for personal, storage, and campus
connectivity.
• - Conclusion:
• * Choosing the right type of network is crucial for efficient
communication and resource sharing.
• * Future trends include the integration of IoT, 5G, and advanced
cybersecurity measures.