APPLICATION OF PERSON-

CENTRED NURSING IN MENTAL

HEALTH: THE CASE OF KELLY
GRANGER
[Student’s Name]
 1. Introduction
2. Patient Profile
3. McCormack and McCance Person-Centered
Nursing Model
4. Domain 1 - Prerequisites

CONTENTS 5. Domain 2 - The Care Environment

6. Domain 3 - Person-Centered Processes
7. Domain 4 - Outcomes
8. Barriers and Facilitators
9. Ethical, Legal, and Governance Considerations
10. The NMC Code
11. Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION

o McCormack and McCance's model centers on delivering holistic, compassionate care that respects
individual patient needs (McCormack & McCance, 2021).
o It comprises four domains: Prerequisites, Care Environment, Person-Centered Processes, and Outcomes
(McCormack & McCance, 2021).
o Kelly Granger, 28, facing mental health challenges and social isolation.
o The aim is to implement the model to address Kelly's unique health and psychosocial needs by
emphasizing a patient-focused approach in nursing practice.

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PATIENT PROFILE

o Kelly Granger, 28 years old, former HR employee.

o Frequent inpatient admissions for acute mental health issues, including paranoia and auditory
hallucinations.
o On anti-psychotic medication with positive effects but concerns about weight gain.
o Lives alone in an inner-city flat; socially isolated with limited hobbies and interests.
o Formerly enjoyed writing lyrics and playing guitar in a rock band.

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MCCORMACK AND MCCANCE
PERSON-CENTRED NURSING MODEL
o The model emphasizes holistic care, focusing on respecting and responding to individual patient
preferences, needs, and values (McCormack & McCance, 2017).
o Four key domains of Patient-Centered Nursing (PCN) – Prerequisites (nurse attributes), Care
Environment (context of care), Person-Centered Processes (care activities), and Outcomes (results of
care).
o The model advocates for patient involvement in their own care, enhancing autonomy and tailored
healthcare delivery.
o The model integrates theory and practice to improve patient care outcomes (McCormack & McCance,
2010).

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DOMAIN 1 – PREQUISITES

o Prerequisites are the foundation of Person-Centered Nursing, focusing on nurse attributes (Gask et al.,
2018).
o Key aspects include professional competence, developed interpersonal skills, commitment, and being
able to use oneself therapeutically (Brooker & Latham, 2015).
o Essential for building trust and understanding with patients like Kelly (Peplau, 1988).
o Enables nurses to provide care that is not only clinically effective but also emotionally supportive.
o In Kelly’s case, prerequisites help in addressing her isolation and building a therapeutic relationship by:
a) Applying empathy and active listening to understand Kelly's unique situation (Peplau, 1988).
b) Establishing rapport and trust, critical for patients with social isolation and mental health issues (Miller et al.,
2017).
c) Using self-awareness to tailor interactions, acknowledging Kelly’s past interests and current challenges.

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DOMAIN 2 - THE CARE ENVIRONMENT

o The Care Environment involves creating a supportive and safe physical, social, and psychological space.
o A therapeutic environment aids recovery and well-being for patients with mental health issues (Rogers,
1995).
o Key elements include accessibility, safety, privacy, and a supportive social atmosphere (Gask et al.,
2018).
o Tailoring the environment to Kelly's needs, considering her living situation on the fifth floor of an inner-
city block includes:
a) Ensuring Kelly's environment supports her mental health needs, like minimizing triggers for paranoia (Miller et
al., 2017).
b) Collaborating with community services to enhance the supportiveness of her home setting.

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DOMAIN 3 - PERSON-CENTRED PROCESSES

o Person-Centered Processes (PCP) focus on shared decision-making and personalized care planning by
respecting patient autonomy and incorporating their preferences and values into care (Gask et al.,
2018).
o This aligns with ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, and non-maleficence in nursing care
(Barker & Buchanan-Barker, 2005).
o Critical for mental health patients like Kelly, especially regarding treatment and medication choices by:
a) Involving Kelly in care planning, respecting her choices and concerns about medication and weight gain.
b) Collaborative goal setting with Kelly, focusing on realistic and meaningful objectives for her mental health
(Gask et al., 2018).
c) Regularly reviewing and adjusting care plans based on Kelly’s feedback and changing needs.
d) Enhancing Kelly's understanding of her condition and treatment options to empower her decision-making.

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DOMAIN 4 - OUTCOMES

o Outcomes include measuring the effectiveness of person-centered care through tangible results
(Rogers, 1995).
o Focus on improved health, well-being, and patient satisfaction as key indicators which are essential for
evaluating the impact of care interventions on an individual's life (Barker & Buchanan-Barker, 2005).
o In Kelly's case, outcomes include stability in mental health and adherence to treatment, such as:
a) Tracking medication adherence and its impact on Kelly's mental health stability (Gask et al., 2018).
b) Monitoring changes in Kelly's social interactions and engagement in hobbies or interests.
c) Evaluating Kelly's subjective experiences of care, ensuring it aligns with her expectations and preferences.
d) Assessing the effectiveness of environmental adjustments in supporting Kelly's mental well-being (Rogers,
1995).

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BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS

o Common barriers in mental health care include stigma, communication challenges, and resource
limitations (Barker & Buchanan-Barker, 2005).
o Facilitators may include supportive networks, effective communication, and patient engagement.
o In Kelly’s case, tailored communication strategies and advocacy for resources might help in overcoming
the barriers (Miller et al., 2017).
o Facilitators may be used for building on Kelly’s interests and strengths, involving her in care decisions.
o Strategies for nurses include continuous learning, community collaboration, and resilience-building for
effective person-centered care.

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ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND GOVERNANCE
CONSIDERATIONS
o Ethical considerations include balancing Kelly's autonomy with her need for comprehensive mental
health care (Brooker & Latham, 2015).
o Legal frameworks are based on adherence to the Mental Health Act, ensuring lawful and ethical care
(Barker & Buchanan-Barker, 2005).
o Following national and local mental health care guidelines.
o Informed consent and confidentiality should be key aspects of Kelly's care.
o Documenting and reporting in line with governance standards is important for quality and
accountability in nursing care.

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THE NMC CODE

o Patient care can be aligned with NMC Code principles by prioritizing patient interests and respecting
their dignity and human rights, as well as (Barker & Buchanan-Barker, 2005):
a) Ensuring open and honest communication with Kelly, fostering a culture of trust (Peplau, 1988).
b) Maintaining professionalism and ethical practice in all aspects of Kelly's care.
c) Commitment to reflective practice and continuous learning to enhance care quality (Miller et al., 2017).
d) Upholding patient confidentiality and privacy as per NMC Code standards in Kelly's treatment and care
management.

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CONCLUSION

o In conclusion, applying McCormack and McCance's Person-Centered Nursing model profoundly

impacts mental health care, as demonstrated in Kelly's case (McCormack & McCance, 2021).
o This approach emphasizes the importance of individualized care, respecting patient autonomy, and
creating a supportive care environment.
o The integration of the four domains—Prerequisites, The Care Environment, Person-Centered Processes,
and Outcomes—ensures holistic and effective nursing practices.
o This model aligns with the NMC Code, emphasizing ethical, professional, and empathetic care, crucial
in mental health nursing (Barker & Buchanan-Barker, 2005).
o Ultimately, person-centered care not only improves patient outcomes but also enriches the nursing
practice, fostering a more compassionate and responsive healthcare system (Miller et al., 2017).

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REFERENCES

1. McCormack, B., & McCance, T. (2021). The person-centered nursing framework. In Person-centered nursing
research: Methodology, methods and outcomes (pp. 13-27). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
2. Brooker, D., & Latham, I. (2015). Person-centered dementia care: Making services better with the VIPS framework.
Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
3. Peplau, H. E. (1988). Interpersonal relations in nursing: A conceptual frame of reference for psychodynamic nursing.
Bloomsbury Publishing.
4. Rogers, C. R. (1995). On becoming a person: A therapist's view of psychotherapy. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
5. Gask, L., Kendrick, T., Peveler, R., & Chew-Graham, C. A. (2018). What Health? Is Primary Care Mental. Primary Care
Mental Health.
6. Barker, P. J., & Buchanan-Barker, P. (2005). The Tidal Model: A guide for mental health professionals. Psychology
Press.
7. Miller, E., Stanhope, V., Restrepo-Toro, M., & Tondora, J. (2017). Person-centered planning in mental health: A
transatlantic collaboration to tackle implementation barriers. American journal of psychiatric rehabilitation, 20(3),
251-267.

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