At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

1. Describe and define the union and intersection of sets.

2. Find the union and intersection of two or more sets.
3. Appreciate the importance of union and intersection of
sets.
 MATHtuto: Combine and Connect!
Study the illustrative examples:
Given:
P = {red, blue} and Q = {green,
yellow}
1. P ∪ Q {blue, green, red, yellow} union

=
2. P ∩ Q = { } intersection
 MATHtuto: Combine and Connect!
Study the illustrative examples:
Given:
H = {Monday, Tuesday},
R = {Tuesday, Wednesday}
and D = {Tuesday, Thursday}

{Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday} union

1. H ∪ R ∪ D=

2. H ∩ R ∩ D = {Tuesday}
intersection
 MATHtuto: Combine and Connect!
Study the illustrative examples:
Given:
T = {2, 4, 6, 8} and R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8}
1. T ∪ R {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} union

=
2. T ∩ R = {2, 4, 6, 8} intersection
 MATHtuto: Combine and Connect!
Study the illustrative examples:
Given:
V = {a, b, c , d} and
Z =
{a, b, c ,
{ }
1. V ∪ Z union

= d}
2. V ∩ Z = intersection
{ }
 MATHtuto: Who am I ?
The union of two sets A and B , written 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵, is the
set which consists of all elements that belong either to
A or to B or to both A and B . 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 is formed by
putting all elements of A and B together.

Given:
T = {2, 4, 6, 8} and R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8}
1. T ∪ R {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
=
 MATHtuto: Who am I ?
The intersection of two sets A and B , written 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵, is
the set of all elements common to sets A and B .
Thus 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 is the set of elements found in both A and
B.

Given:
T = {2,4, 6, 8} and R = {1,2, 3, 4, 5,
6,1. T7,∩ R 8}
= {2, 4, 6, 8}
 MATHtuto: FAVORITE S U B J E C T S
Anna and J a y are talking about their favorite subjects.

Let A as Anna’s
favorite subjects. A = {Science, Math, English}
 MATHtuto: FAVORITE S U B J E C T S
Anna and J a y are talking about their favorite subjects.

Let J as Jay ’s
favorite subjects.

J = {Math, Science,
MAPEH}
 MATHtuto: FAVORITE S U B J E C T S
Let:
A = {Science, Math, English}
J = {Math, Science,
MAPEH}

Find:
{English, Math, MAPEH, Science}
1. A ∪ J
=
2. A ∩ J = {Math, Science}
 MATHanalyze: Locate, Merge and Join!
If you are given these sets:
Set A = {1,2,3,4,5}; Set B = {2,4,6}; Set C = {1,3,6}
Find:
1. A ∩ B = {2, 4}

2. B ∪ C {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}
=
3 . A ∪ B ∪ C = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
4. (A ∪ B) ∩ (B ∪ C) {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}
= {1, 2, 3, 4}
5. A ∩ (B ∪ C)
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. Describe and define the complement of a set, and difference of
two sets.
2. Find the complement of a given set and the difference of two
sets.
3. Appreciate the importance of complement of a set and difference
of two sets in real-life situation.
 MATHtry: Analyze Me!

A –B =

Guided Question:
1. What element(s) are present in set A but not in
set B ? (A
 MATHtry: Analyze Me!

B –A =

Guided Question:
2. What element(s) are present in set B but not in
set A? (B
 MATHtry: Analyze Me!

A –B = B –A =

Guided Question:
3. How are you going to describe and define the difference of two sets?
 MATHtuto: Contrast and Complete!
How to Find the Difference of S e t s ?
Let's look at an example to understand how to find
the difference of two sets A and B .
Consider the two sets
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = {3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 9}

A – B = {1, 2 , 3 , 4 , 5} – {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9}
To find the difference A - B of these two sets, strike off all the elements that are present in both A and B.
The set of elements which belong to A but not to B.
A - B is the set of elements from A that are left. Thus,
 MATHtuto: Contrast and Complete!
How to Find the Difference of S e t s ?
Let's look at an example to understand how to find
the difference of two sets A and B .
Consider the two sets
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = {3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 9} {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
B – A = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9} –
To find the difference B – A of these two sets, strike off all the elements that are present in both B and A.
The set of elements which belong to A but not to B.
B - A is the set of elements from B
that are left. Thus,

B – A = {6, 7, 9}
 MATHtuto: Contrast and Complete!
Difference of S e t s ?
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
9}

A – B = {1, 2 , 3 , 4 , 5} – {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9}
A – B = {1, 2} {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
B – A = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9} –
B – A = {6, 7, 9}
 MATHtuto: Contrast and Complete!
Difference of S e t s ?
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
9}

A – B = {1, 2} B – A = {6, 7, 9}

The difference of two sets A and B is defined as the

lists of all the elements that are in set A but not present
in set B .
 MATHtuto: Contrast and Complete!
How to Find the Complement of a S e t ?
Consider the given sets.
U = {1, 2 ,3, 4, 6} and A = {1, 2,
3}
A’ = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}
– {1, 2,
3}
A’ = {4, 6}
 MATHtuto: Contrast and Complete!

The complement of set A is all elements in the

universal set that are NOT in set A.

The complement of a set can be written and

represented using various notations, such as:

𝐀 or
′ 𝐀 or
𝐜 𝐀ഥ or 𝐀෩
 MATHtuto: Look for Me!
Given: U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
U = {x:x is a counting/natural number less than 11}
A = {2, 4, 6, 8} and B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Find:

1. A’ = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10}
2. B’ = {6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
3. A’ ∩ B’ = {7, 9, 10}
4. (A ∪ B)’ {7, 9, 10}
=
 MATHtuto: Look for Me!
Given:
X = {letters of the word female}
Y = {vowels in the word female}
Z = {letters in the antonym of the word “female”}

Let’s list all the elements of each set first .

X = {a, e, f, l, m}
Y = {a, e}
Z = {a, e, l, m}
 MATHtuto: Look for Me!
Given:
X = {a, e, f, l, m}
Y = {a, e}
Find:
Z = {a, e, l, m}
1. X –Y = {f, l, m}
2. Y –Z = { }
3. X –Z = {f }
4. Y –X = { }
5. Z –X = { }
M.T.S. CALABIA