LASER FUNDAMENTALS

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 Table of contents

 Laser definition
 Laser specificities
 Laser Hazards/ Class of Laser
 Laser ops utilizations
 Bombs guidance
 Marking
 Laser definition

Light
Amplification
by
Need of continuous excited energy of atoms
Stimulated
Emission of
Radiation
Laser Spectrum

Non visible laser

Need a filter to see laser spot
 Laser Specificities sum up

 Laser has only 1 wavelength => Monochromatic light (and so

what…?)

 waves are phased => Coherent light (and so what…?)

 Narrow Line width (1 mRad)=> Directive beam for targeting

 Can have strong power => can be very dangerous !!

 Laser classification RPA
designators

Class Clas Clas Clas Clas Clas Clas Class

1 s 1M s 1C s2 s 2M s 3R s 3B 4

No Be very careful. Radiation of

diffuse reflections can also
dange Blablabla be dangerous. It can cause
damages on skin, eyes and
r fire risks exist.
 Laser Reflectivity
 Laser energy which strikes desired object can have
3 results:
 Absorb energy
 Scatter energy
 Reflect energy
 Each object varies in the amount of energy
absorbed and reflected:
 Most surfaces produce a mixture of mirror-like and
scattered reflections
 LASER ops utilizations
Laser Rangefinder/Designator (LRD)

 Guides Laser-guided munitions as Roketsan:

 Laser seeker on weapon detects reflected laser energy and guides to target;
 Weapon PRF code must match with Lasing asset PRF code (1111-1888);
 PRF is the number of pulses per second transmitted
 Provides slant range information = Telemetry;
 Not visible in EM spectrum without a filter;
 Needs to use a YAG filter to see the laser spot.

Reaper LRD safety range (ocular hazard) = 46,7Km

Laser provides invisible IR non-ionizing IR radiation that can cause
permanent blindness to people and animals. Never fire Laser out of shooting
range or out of a target you want to damage !!
 LASER ops utilizations
Laser Target Marker (LTM)

 Commonly referred to as IR pointer

 Compatible with night vision equipment
 Visible via LLTV camera
 Used for identifying correct target and friendly
positions

Reaper LTM safety range (ocular hazard) = 324 m

 Laser Troubles

 Flashlight effect
 Spillover effect
 Laser entrapment
 Laser masking
 Podium effect
 Atmospheric
attenuation
Questions ?