APPROACHES AND

METHODS IN
LANGUAGE TEACHING
RAQUEL YEDID SORIANO GONZÁLEZ
DIRECT METHOD

• Students are asked to dive deep into a world where everything works, exists and
progresses using English. There is no chance to use the maternal language. The foreign
culture and spoken language play a significant role.We want students to be able to build
their oral skills.
GRAMMAR TRANSLATION

We hope that the student can compare his native language and the foreign language by way
of translating texts with the help of bilingual lists.

The teacher is the main source of information, while the student becomes receptive, passive
and accessible.
• We use digital or printed bilingual material.
AUDIO LINGUAL

• Students are expected to learn and use new vocabulary and structural patterns, presented
through dialogues to be repeated and then expand the grammatical structures (going from
present to past for instance)
• This method puts all the weight on the auditive part, and helps the students to achieve an
almost perfect pronunciation.
STRUCTURAL APPROACH

This approach is based on the assumption that the mastery of different structures is more
important that the enlargement of vocabulary.

It uses magic formulas such as: Subject + Verb + Complement

• It sustains that solitary words have no importance.
TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE

It is build around the coordination of speech and action, students are expected to learn
through the commands of movement.
• The use of native language is mostly forbidden.
COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING

It is focused on achieve communicative competence.

• The main hope is to give students the necessary tools to give a message just like they
would in their native language.
NATURAL APPROACH

• It is student oriented and requires to minimize stress until students are ready to learn.
• It is oriented to acquisition and unconscious process that involves the development of
language proficiency through understanding and using language for meaningful
communication, it is based on:
• The monitor theory
• The natural order hypothesis
• The input hypothesis hypothes
• The effective thesis
TALK BASED LANGUAGE TEACHING

• This method allows students to use their linguistic tools freely to solve the problem that is
being offered to them. Errors are checked and explained. There are three phases in this
method:
• A pre-task (getting prepared for the main task)
• The main task (everyone must do their best to speak English)
• Follow up tasks (the teacher provides feedback and tastes their understanding)
SUGGESTOPEDIA LANGUAGE LEARNING
METHOD
This method intends to erase all mental barriers; thereby, suggesting our brain to be free of
prejudices and emotional burdens.

It takes inspiration from the calming nature of art.

Students are asked to create a new identity so they can feel free.
• No homework is asked.
THE SILENT WAY

The silent way can be summarized in three short sentences: “To teach, to test and to get out
of the way”.

During the path of Discovery students are expected to prove or disprove their hypothesis.

The silent Way forces the teacher to remain silent for most of the lessons.

Peer help is allowed, even the use of the native language is acceptable.
• The silent way is to be applied on basic levels.
FUNCTIONAL-NOTIONAL APPROACH

This approach expects students to learn the language for the sole purpose of achieving a
communicative purpose.

It gives importance, not to the level of difficulty of a topic, but the utility level.

A function is considered as “the use of language to achieve a purpose”.

• For example, we can talk about making requests asking for help or giving directions to
someone else.
THE TEST TEACH TEST APPROACH

• This approach is divided into three stages:

• 1. Discovery stage. When students will be asked to complete a task by themselves.
• 2. Theoretical stage. The teacher will give all the necessary elements to his students to
understand the topic they're currently reviewing.
• 3. Testing stage. The students are given another task to complete, this time they perfectly
know what they are intended to do.