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Chapter 3 - Global Internet
Chapter 3 - Global Internet
STID 1103
Chapter 3
Global Internet
The Internet
Internet Addressing and Architecture
Internet Services and Communication Tools
The World Wide Web
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Learning Objectives
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Overview: Corporate Network
Infrastructure
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What is the Internet?
• The Internet
– World’s most extensive network
– Internet service providers (I SP s)
Provide connections
Types of Internet connections
– Dial-up: 56.6 Kbp s
– Digital subscriber line (DS L/F I O S): 385 Kbp s –
40 M bp s
– Cable Internet connections: 1–50 M bp s
– Satellite
– T1/T3 lines: 1.54–45 M bp s
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Internet Addressing and Architecture
• Each device on Internet assigned Internet Protocol (I P)
address
• 32-bit number, e.g. 207.46.250.119
• The Domain Name System (DN S)
– Converts I P addresses to domain names
– Hierarchical structure
– Top-level domains
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The Domain Name System
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Internet Architecture and Governance
• Network service providers
– Own trunk lines (high-speed backbone networks)
• Regional telephone and cable T V companies
– Provide regional and local access
• Professional organizations and government bodies
establish Internet standards
– IA B
– I CAN N
– W3 C
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Internet Network Architecture
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The Future Internet: I P v 6 and
Internet 2
• I Pv 6
– New addressing scheme for I P numbers
– Will provide more than a quadrillion new addresses
– Not compatible with current I Pv 5 addressing
• Internet2
– Advanced networking consortium
Universities, businesses, government agencies,
other institutions
– Developed high-capacity 100 G bp s testing network
– Testing leading-edge new technologies for Internet
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Internet Services and Communication
Tools (1 of 2)
• Internet services
– E-mail
– Chatting and instant messaging
– Newsgroups
– Telnet
– File Transfer Protocol (FT P)
– World Wide Web
• Voice over I P (VoI P)
– Digital voice communication using I P, packet switching
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Internet Services and Communication
Tools
• Internet services
– E-mail
– Chatting and instant
messaging
– Newsgroups
– Telnet
• Unified communications
– File Transfer Protocol (FT P)
– Communications systems
– World Wide Web that integrate voice, data,
• Voice over IP (VoI P) e-mail, conferencing
– Digital voice communication • Virtual private network (VP N)
using I P, packet switching – Secure, encrypted, private
network run over Internet
– PPearson
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How Voice over IP Works
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The Web
• Hypertext
– Hypertext Markup Language (HTM L)
– Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTT P):
– Uniform resource locator (UR L):
http://www.megacorp.com/content/features/082602.
html
• Web servers
Software for locating and managing web pages
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Searching for Information on the Web
• Mobile search
• Semantic search
• Social search
• Visual search
• Intelligent agent shopping bots
• Search engine marketing
• Search engine optimization (SE O)
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How Google Works
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The Future Web
• More tools to make sense of trillions of pages on the
Internet
• Pervasive web
• Internet of Things (I o T)
• Internet of People
• App Internet
• Increased cloud computing and Saa S
• Ubiquitous mobile connectivity
• Greater seamlessness of web as a whole
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Cellular Systems
• Competing standards
– CDM A : United States • Fourth-generation (4G)
only networks
– G S M : Rest of world, A – Up to 100 Mbps
T&T, T-Mobile
– Suitable for Internet
• Third-generation (3G) video
networks – LT E and Wi Max
– 144 Kbp s
• 5G Networks
– Suitable for e-mail
– Gigabit capacity
access, web browsing
– Currently under
development and early
test deployments
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Wireless Computer Networks and
Internet Access
• Bluetooth (802.15) connecting wireless devices to a
– Links up to 8 devices in 10-m area
eter
wired L A N
using low-power, radio-based – Hotspots: one or more access
communication points in public place to provide
– Useful for personal networking (P A maximum wireless coverage for a
N s) specific area
– Weak security features
• Wi-Fi (802.11)
– Set of standards: 802.11 • Wi Max (802.16)
– Used for wireless L A N and – Wireless access range of 31 miles
wireless Internet access – Require WiMax antennas
– Use access points: device with
radio receiver/transmitter for
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Radio Frequency Identification (R F I
D)
• Use tiny tags with microchips containing data about an
item and location. Tag antennas to transmit radio signals
over short distances to special RFI D readers. Common
uses:
– Automated toll-collection
– Tracking goods in a supply chain
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