Lockout/Tagout

29CFR 19010.147
 Published September
1, 1989.
 Scope: Covers
servicing and
maintenance of
machines and
equipment or release
of stored energy which
could cause injury to
employees.
 Applies during Servicing
and/or Maintenance
 Does not apply to
normal production
operations.
 Only if an employee
has to remove a
guard or bypass a
safety guard-Or place
any part of their body
in danger.
Also does not apply to:
 Work on cord or plug
connected equipment
which is unplugged
and under control of
the employee.
 Gas, steam, water or
petroleum hot tap
operations under
specified
circumstances.
 The Standard’s Purpose

 Requires employers to establish a

program and use procedures for affixing
appropriate lockout devices or tagout
devices, and-
 To disable machines or equipment to
prevent unexpected energization, start-
up, or release of stored energy to prevent
injury to employees.
 Definitions

 Energized-connected to an energy source

or containing residual or stored energy.
 Energy source-any source of energy.
 Lockout-placement of a lockout device on
an energy isolating device.
 Lockout Device-device which uses a
positive means, such as a lock, to hold an
energy isolating device in safe position.
 Definitions, continued

 Servicing and/or Maintenance-

workplace activities such as adjusting,
cleaning, constructing, inspecting,
installing, lubricating, maintaining and/or
servicing of machines or equipment,
modifying, setting up and tool changing.
 Tagout-placement of a tag to warn that
the equipment may not be operated.
 General Requirements
 Energy Control
Program-A program
including an energy
control procedure and
employee training is
required.
 Lockout/Tagout

 A tagout system shall be used only if the

isolating device cannot be locked out.
 If the isolating device can be locked out, a
lockout shall be used, unless the employer can
demonstrate that a tagout system provides
full employee protection.
 When machinery is replaced or undergoes
major repair it shall be designed to accept a
lockout device.
 Full Employee Protection

 If a tagout device is used on equipment

capable of being locked out:
 The tag shall be placed in the same location the
lock would have been placed.
 The employer must demonstrate equivalent safety.
 To demonstrate-the employer must show full
compliance with all provisions and remove circuit
elements or block control switches or remove a
valve handle, etc.
 Energy Control Procedure

 Procedures shall be developed,

documented, and utilized.
 Exception- Employers need not
document if all of the following exist:
 The machine has no potential to release or
store energy.
 The machine has a single energy source,
readily identified and isolated.
 Exceptions, continued
 Isolation and lockout completely deenergize
and deactivate the machine.
 The machine is isolated from that energy
source and locked out during servicing or
maintenance.
 A single lockout device will achieve lockout.
 The lockout device is under control of the
employee servicing or maintaining the
machine.
 Exceptions, continued
 The servicing or maintenance does not
create hazards for others.
 The employer has had no accidents from the
release of energy while servicing or
maintaining equipment.
Written Procedures
 Shall specify the
scope, purpose,
authorization, rules,
and techniques for
controlling hazardous
energy, and the
means of enforcing
compliance.
Written Procedures, cont.
 Should include:
 Intended use of the
procedure.
 Steps for shutting
down, isolating,
blocking and securing
equipment.
 Use of tags and locks.
 Testing requirements
verify effectiveness.
 Protective Materials and
Hardware

 Locks, tags, chains, wedges, key blocks,

adapter pins, self-locking fasteners, or
other hardware shall be provided by the
employer.
 Lockout devices shall be singularly
identified, be the only devices used for
controlling energy, not used for other
purposes, and shall be:
 Tagout Devices
 Shall warn of
hazardous conditions
by legends such as:
 DO NOT START
 DO NOT OPEN
 DO NOT CLOSE
 DO NOT ENERGIZE
 DO NOT OPERATE
 Periodic Inspections

 At least an annual inspection of the

company’s LOTO procedure:
 Performed by an authorized employee other
than the employee using the procedure.
 Correct deviations or discrepancies.
 Review the procedure by effected employees.
 Inspection must be documented-who did it,
when, and what machinery was inspected.
 Training and
Communication
 Employees must
understand purpose
and function of the
program.
 Have knowledge and
skills to implement it.
 Include-recognition of
energy sources,
purpose and use,
procedures/prohibitions
 Training, continued

 If tagout systems are used employees must

be trained on limitations:
 Warning rather than restraining devices.
 Must not be by-passed, ignored or defeated.
 Must be legible and understandable.
 Securely attached and able to withstand
environments.
 May create a false sense of security and is only
a part of the overall program.
 Re-training

 Employees must be re-trained when:

 There is a change in assignments, machines,
equipment, or process that creates a new
hazard.
 Periodic inspection reveals a need for re-
training.
 New or revised control methods are
introduced- and, of course, training must be
documented.
Procedures shall include:
 Preparation for
shutdown.
 Machine or
equipment shutdown.
 Machine or
equipment isolation.
 Procedures:
LOTO device application-

 Shall be affixed by an authorized employee.

 Shall hold the energy isolating device in a
safe or off position.
 Tagout devices shall be affixed to prohibit
moving the energy isolating device from its
safe or off position, located where a lock
would be attached, and if it can’t be
attached-should be in an obvious place.
 Stored Energy

 After applying LOTO devices, all

potentially hazardous, stored or residual
energy shall be rendered safe.
 Re-accumulation of energy shall be
continually verified.
 Isolation/de-energization shall be verified
prior to starting work……..How can this be
accomplished??
 Release from LOTO

 Before removing LOTO devices and re-

storing energy:
 Inspect area, ensure non-essential items are
removed and equipment is operationally
intact.
 Employees are notified and clear.
 Remove LOTO devices-shall be removed by
the person who put it on. Exception!
 Additional Requirements

 Outside contractors: Shall inform each

other of procedures. Employer must ensure
they are complying with procedures.
 Group LOTO:
 Responsibility to an authorized person.
 AP to ascertain exposure status of workers.
 AP ensures that all workers affix a personal lock
to group lock-out device.
 Shift Change
 Must have written
procedures to ensure
continuity of lockout
protection.
 Includes orderly
transition from
employees coming on
shift and those going
off shift.