1. Definition.

2. Symptoms
3. Types
4. Causes
5. Moderators
6. Effects
7. Management
8. Conclusion
 Stress
Hans Selye: ‘The father of stress research’
“the nonspecific response of the human organism
to any demand placed upon it.”

Emotional
Physical

STRESS Spiritual

Intellectual
Social
 Definition.
It is an adaptive response, mediated by
individual differences that is a consequence
of any external action, situation, or event
that places excessive psychological and
physical demand upon a person.
Stress is simply defined as the interaction

of the individual with the environment.

 Symptoms.
 Nervousness.  Allergies.
 High Arousal  Nausea.
Level.  Increased smoking.
 Head ache.  Sleep disorder.
 Back ache.  Digestive problems.
 Throat infection.  Interpersonal
 Aggressiveness. Conflict.
Stressor

Stress

Response

Consequence
Relationship Between Stress,
Health and Performance
Stimulation – for handling a challenge Eustress

Suffering – physiological, psychological,

emotional
Distress
 Causes Of Stress
 Organizational Stressors.
 Extra Organizational Stressors
 Organizational Stressors.
 Task Demand.
 Role Demand.
 Group Stressors.
 Organizational Factors.
 Task Demand.

 Nature of the job

 Timings

 Job insecurity
 Role Demand.

 Role overload or under load

 Role conflict

 Role ambiguity
 Group Stressors.

 Group pressures

 Conflict

 Lack of social support

Extra Organizational Stressors

 Catastrophes
War & Natural disasters
 Societal stressor
Social Change &Political Instability
 Personal causes
Intra -Psychic Conflict, Marital
maladjustment, Family Problems,
Life trauma & Financial problems.
 Personal & Situational
Moderators.
 Type A& B Personality.
 Stress Threshold.
 Perceived Control.
 Self Efficacy.
 Social Support.
 Personality Types

Type A Type B
Aggressive Easy Going
High levels Low levels
Hard Driven Laid-Back
of distress of distress
Impatient Patient

Type C
Moderate levels Passive
of distress Apologetic
Overly Sensitive
 Effects Of Stress.
 Physical Effects.

 Psychological Effects.

 Behavioral Effects.

 Organizational Results
Body prepares us for “fight “or “flight”

Adrenalin released into blood stream

Digestive system shuts down
Blood starts thickening towards clot forming
Blood pumped more rapidly around the
body
 Prolonged exposure to stress

May cause
 stomach and intestinal problems
 skin problems
 heart disease
 Ulcers
 Diabetes
 Irritated
 Misunderstood
 Powerless
 Restless
 Offended
 Perturbed
 Exhausted
 Rejected
 (Contd…)

 Concentration
 Thinking Clearly
 Making Decisions

 Creativity
 Interest in Appearance
 Interest in others
Eventually results in

Depression

Anxiety
 Sleep disorder
 Anger / Aggression
 Mood swings
 Eating disorder
 Pastimes
 Alcohol / Drug use
 Immature Behavior
 Numbness
 (Contd…)

Work place problems:

Communication breakdown
Poor Decision making
Loss of vitality and energy
Lower job satisfaction
Reduced creativity and innovation
Reduced job performance
 Results in

High turn over & absenteeism rate

Individual Coping Strategies
RISE a STAR

Relaxation
Improving EQ
Social Skills

Exercise
 Individual Coping Strategies (Contd…)

RISE a STAR

Self-control
Time Management
Assertive Communication
Recreational Activities

Relaxation
Exercise
Self-control
Therapy
Relaxation Technique
Progressive
Muscle Breathing
Relaxation

Meditation
Progressive Muscle Relaxation
Description
A stress management
technique that uses
progressive contraction
and relaxation of muscle
groups throughout
the body.
Breathing Techniques for Relaxation

Description
A stress management
technique wherein the
individual
concentrates on
“breathing away” the
tension and inhaling
fresh air to the entire
body.
Meditation

Description
A stress management
technique used to gain
control over one’s
attention by clearing
the mind and blocking
out the stressor(s)
responsible for the
increased tension.
 Parker’s Principle

Everyone likes to do what he likes,

and, not what should be done

Pray to God …
“O God! Grant me the serenity
to accept what I can’t change,
The courage to change things
I can, and the wisdom
to know the difference”
Watch your thoughts, they become your feelings

Watch your feelings, they become your actions

Watch your actions, they become your habits

Watch your habits, they become your character

 LIFE MANAGEMENT
Understand and focus on your purpose in life

Set realistic and attainable goals

*In life
*about life
*throughout life

Simplify your life

Take time out for yourself to relax and appreciate nature

Set a manageable pace for your life

 Social Skills.

Social perception.
Conflict Resolution.
Personal Adjustment.
Behavior Modification.
Interpersonal Communication.
Awareness into Human Behavior.
 Stress Reducing Benefits
of Physical Activity
 Reduced feelings of anxiety, depression,
frustration, aggression, anger and hostility.
 Alleviation of insomnia.
 An opportunity to meet social needs and develop
new friendships.
 Allows for the development of discipline.
 Provides the opportunity to do something
enjoyable and constructive that will lead to better
health and total well-being.
 Ideas for Modifying a
Type A Personality
Make a contract to slow down
Limit multitasking behaviors
Don’t smoke
Cut down on caffeine
Work on redirecting impatience and controlling hostility
Plan fun, relaxing activities
Choose a non-Type A role model to observe
Simplify life
Use time management strategies
Listen to your body
Establish strong, nurturing relationships
 Tips for Managing Anger
Commit to change
Remind yourself that anger leads to illness
Recognize when anger feelings are developing
Tell yourself to cool down and take control
Prepare a positive response before anger escalates
Minimize verbal and physical language
Don’t let anger build-up
Keep a journal
Seek professional help
 Five Steps to Time Management

Find the time killers by keeping a 4-7 day log.

Set long-range and sort-range goals.

Identify and prioritize immediate goals.

Use a daily planner to organize and simplify.

Conduct nightly audits.

 (Contd…)
Organizational Supportive
Strategies
Change Management

Human Resource Development

Organizational Culture

Information & Communication

Counseling

Employees Involvement