ONLINE FORMATS FOR

IMAGES AND TEXTS

GRAPHIC FILES
- Store an image (such as photograph, drawing)
and are divided into two basic types: raster-
based and vector based files.
RASTER- BASED FILES
- This file type stores the image as a collection
of pixels.
- Also referred to as bitmapped images
- It cannot be scaled without distortion
COMMON TYPES OF RASTER- BASED FILE
FORMATS INCLUDE:

1.JOINT PHOTOGRAPHIC EXPERTS GROUP

(JPEG)
- It was named after the developers of the said
format.
- It supports a wide range of colors that makes
it most popular
- It supports a wide range of colors that makes
it most popularly used on cameras and
scanners.
- It is also the format used in Internet delivery
and photo sharing.
- However, JPEG are compressed, so some details
are affected when producing a smaller file size. It
is a great format for maximizing space on
camera’s memory card posting onlineor for
sharing via email.
2. JOINT PHOTOGRAPHIC EXPERTS GROUP
(JPEG 2000)
- An evolving format of JPEG developed with
multiple compression techniques based on
wavelet technology.
3. TAGGED IMAGE FILE FORMAT (TIFF)
- Files are usable with many different software
programs and are often the format of choice for
a high- quality master image.
- The quality of TIFF is always as perfect as the
original, though files size can be huge.
- It is greatly used when sending images to be
included on printed books, brochures or
magazines
- - tiff gained popularity as a scanning format.
4. GRAPHICS INTERCHANGE FORMAT (GIF)
- Files were widely used on the Internet for graphics
and logos with areas of solid color.
- It produces a smaller file size with a limited
number of colors and has a transparent
background.
- Due to color limitations, photogrpahs are not
accurately represented with this format. GIF can
also be used for low-resolution animations.
5. PORTABLE NETWORK GRAPHIC (PNG)
- Files, designed to replace GIF are patent and
license free and produce higher quality files than
GIF. PNG format is preferred for images that
contain text or line art, especially on the internet.
- According to Snider (2016). “it comes in two
forms: png-8 and png -24
6. Bitmap (BMP)
- Files are relatively low-quality files used most
often in word processing applications.

7. Photoshop Document (PSD)

-A native file format of Adobe Photoshop. It is the
default format of the layered images that may be
adjusted with graphic elements. To save it to other
format, the layered images must be flattened first.
VECTOR – BASED FILES
- This type of file store an image as mathematical
formulas.
- Vector image programs use this mathematical
formula to display and scale the image without
distortion.
- Common types of vector-based file formats
include:

1.Drawing interchange Format (DXF)

- Files are widely used in computer –aided design
software programs such as those used by
engineers and architects.
2. Encapsulated PostScript (EPS)
- Files are the ones widely used in desktop
publishing software programs.
3. Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM)
- Files are widely used in many image oriented
software program (e.g. Photoshop) and offer a
high degree of durability.
4. Shapefiles (SHP), ESRI, GIS applications use vector
coordinates to store non-topological geometry and
attribute information features
TEXT FILES
- Most often created in word processing software
programs

COMMON FILE FORMATS FOR TEXT FILES:

1.Proprietary formats, such as Microsoft Word files,
carry the extension of the software in which they
were created.
2. RTF or Rich text format files
- Are supported by a variety of applications and
saved with formatting instructions (such as a page
layout)
3. Portable Document Format (PDF)
-files contain an image of the page, including text
and graphics. PDF files are widely used for read-only
file sharing. Adobe acrobat is by far the most popular
PDF file application, although others are available.
VIDEO AND AUDIO FILES
- These file contain moving images(e.g digitized
video, animation) and sound data.
- They are most often created and viewed in
proprietary software programs and stored in
proprietary formats.
- Common file formats in use
1. Quicktime (.MOV)
2. Windows Media Video (WMV)
3. Motion picture experts group (.MPEG)
formats(.MP3)
4. .AVI
5. .WAV
ACTIVITY
1. Using the internet, download free images with different
raster based file format such as JPEG, PNG, TIFF, GIFF AND
BMP
2. With the downloaded images, create a collage using
Powerpoint or any of your preferred application in creating a
photo collage
3. Compare the qualities of each image as it appeared on the
collage.
4. Write your observations or findings on the quality of each
graphic file format.