Lesson 3

Elements
Component 1: Short Review (Time: 7 mins.)

Q1. Is a mixture a pure A1. No, a mixture, by

substance? definition, contains more than
Q2 Air contains the one pure substance.
elements Oxygen and A2. Yes, it is a mixture of two
Nitrogen. Is it a mixture? elements.
Q3. Why is Hydrogen a pure A3. Hydrogen is an element,
substance? and it contains only one type of
atom.
Component 2: Lesson Purpose (Time: 3 minutes)

This lesson is about the definition of a pure

substance in chemistry using elements as an
example.
The lesson may also help you to better
understand how to extract information from
tables in chemistry.
Component 3: Lesson Language Practice (Time: 5 mins)

•Pure substance
•Substance
•Element
Component 4A: Lesson Activity
(Time: 25 minutes)

• Q1. What is the chemical formula

for water?
• Q2. What is the name of the
compounds that have the chemical
formula CO2 and NaCl?
• Q3. If the common compound salt
is found in the ocean, how come we
can’t see it?
Component 4A: Lesson Activity
(Time: 25 minutes)
• Q1. What is the chemical formula
for water?
• Q2. What is the name of the
compounds that have the chemical
formula CO2 and NaCl?
• Q3. If the common compound salt
is found in the ocean, how come we uniform, but it has many
can’t see it?
A1. The chemical formula of
water is H20.
A2. CO2 is carbon dioxide
NaCl is sodium chloride
A3. We can’t see the salt in
the ocean because it is
dissolved completely in
water. The appearance is
components (salt, water and
other compounds)
Component 4B: Lesson Activity
(Time: 25 minutes)

• Q1. Which one of the above

elements have you heard of
before?
• Q2. Which other elements do you
know about that are not in the
table?
• Q3. Which of the above elements
do you find the most interesting
and why?

Component 4B: Lesson Activity
(Time: 25 minutes)
• Q1. Which one of the above
elements have you heard of
before?
• Q2. Which other elements do you
know about that are not in the
table?
• Q3. Which of the above elements
do you find the most interesting
and why?
A1. Any one of the above 7 elements. Many
possible answers. Most likely Oxygen,
Aluminum, Lead
A2. Helium, Magnesium, Nitrogen,
Uranium, Lithium, Sodium, Iron, Copper,
etc.
A3. Lead because it is poisonous and has
become such a problem in our everyday
lives.
or
Carbon because carbon dioxide is so much
part of our human body but in the
atmosphere can become a problem.
or
The element Chlorine because, as sodium
chloride, it is vital to so many living things
but as the gas chlorine it is toxic, etc.
Component 4C: Lesson Activity
(Time: 25 minutes)

• Q1. Which of the elements above

occurs as a gas and as a free element
in nature?
• Q2. Which element is found in
abundance in the Earth’s crust as the
ore, bauxite, and which one is found
as galena?
• Q3. (Optional) How many electrons
are there in the outer shell of Carbon,
Aluminum and Chlorine?
Component 4C: Lesson Activity
(Time: 25 minutes)
• Q1. Which of the elements above
occurs as a gas and as a free element
in nature?
• Q2. Which element is found in
abundance in the Earth’s crust as the
ore, bauxite, and which one is found
as galena?
• Q3. (Optional) How many electrons
are there in the outer shell of Carbon,
Aluminum and Chlorine?
A1. The element oxygen
A2. The element aluminum
is found as bauxite and
lead is found as galena.
A3. The outer shell of
carbon has 4 electrons,
whereas the outer shell of
Aluminum has 3 electrons
and Chlorine only has 1.
(Chlorine has 7 valence
electrons)
Component 5: Lesson Conclusion (Time: 5 mins)
• Q1. Has this lesson helped you to better understand the
differences between atoms? If so, how?
• Q2. Has this lesson helped you to remember the names and
symbols of common elements? If so, how?
• Q3. Which questions were easy to answer – the ones in
Component 4B or Component 4C? Why?
 Lesson 4
Chemical
Compounds
Component 1: Short Review (Time: 7 mins.)
• Q1. Name a common compound
that is used every day.
• Q2. If elements and compounds are
both pure substances, then what is
the difference between them?
• Q3. Why are compounds considered
to be pure substances?
• A1. Water is a common compound used
every day. Sodium chloride is also used
for preservation, food, and medicine.
• A2. The difference between an element
and a compound is that an element is
made up of only one kind of atom, but
a compound is made up of two or more
kinds of atoms bonded together.
• A3. Compounds are considered pure
substances because they have a fixed
composition and consistent properties
throughout a sample.
Component 2: Lesson Purpose (Time: 3 minutes)

This lesson is about compounds as

examples of a pure substance.
The lesson may also help learners to better
understand the difference between elements
and compounds.
Component 3: Lesson Language Practice (Time: 5 mins)

•Chemicals
•Compositions
•Compound
Component 3: Lesson Language Practice (Time: 5 mins)

Match the scientific term with its correct definition:

1. A.

2. B.

3. C.
Component 4A: Lesson Activity (Time: 25 minutes)

• What is the
picture or
illustration telling
you?
• Give or identify
that you are
unfamiliar with.
Component 4B: Lesson Activity (Time: 25 minutes)

• Q1. What is the chemical

formula for water?
• Q2. What is the name of
the compounds that have
the chemical formula CO2 Carbon
and NaCl? dioxide
• Q3. If the common Sodium
compound salt is found in chloride
the ocean, how come we
can’t see it?
Salt is completely
dissolved in water.
Component 4C: Lesson Activity (Time: 25 minutes)

• Q1. Where does a lot of

the Oxygen in the air
come from?
• Q2. Where does some of
A1. Majority of oxygen
the water in the air come production on Earth is A2. It comes from the
from? attributed to phytoplankton in evaporation of water
the oceans and terrestrial
• Q3. (Optional) What does plants on land.
from the oceans.
the number 2 mean in the
formula for water H2O?

A3. It means water has two(2)

atoms of hydrogen attached to
an oxygen atom.
Component 5: Lesson Conclusion (Time: 5 mins)

• Q1. Has this lesson helped you to better

understand the difference between elements
and compounds? If so, how?
• Q2. Has this lesson helped you to remember
the formulae for some common compounds? If
so, how?