PROJECT

PLANNING
AND
SCHEDULING

TS AIMI ASHIKIN HANIB

THE COURSE OUTLINE

• At the end of this module student should be able to:

• Explain the technique to develop a work program
• Explain the tools to develop schedule plan
• Develop monitoring and control process for project
implementation

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WHAT IS PLANNING AND SCHEDULING?
• Process of choosing the one method and order of work to be adopted for the project from all
the various ways and sequences in which it could be done.
• Serves as foundation for several related functions such as cost estimating, scheduling,
project control, quality control etc…

 Part of planning effort.

 The determination of timing and sequence of operations in the project towards
the overall completion time.

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FUNDAMENTAL SCHEDULING PROCEDURES
TWO BASIC SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES:

Resource Oriented Scheduling Time Oriented Scheduling

FUNDAMENTAL
SCHEDULING PROCEDURES
Resource Oriented Scheduling
Focus on using and scheduling particular resources in an
effective fashion.

Example:
• The project manager's main concern on a high-rise building
site might be to ensure that cranes are used effectively for
moving materials; without effective scheduling in this case,
delivery trucks might queue on the ground and workers wait
for deliveries on upper floors.
FUNDAMENTAL
SCHEDULING PROCEDURES
Time Oriented Scheduling
Emphasis on determining the completion time of the
project given the necessary precedence relationships
among activities.
FUNDAMENTAL
SCHEDULING PROCEDURES
In practice:
•Hybrid techniques for resources leveling and resources
constraints scheduling (i.e. resource oriented) in the
presence of precedence relationships (i.e. time oriented)
are widely applied in planning, monitoring and control of
the construction project.
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THANK YOU
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STEPS TO SCHEDULE A PROJECT

WHAT IF?

If the objectives of the programs are not met, we should re-

assess the sub - programs from the perspective of :

Delivery of Attendance of Elements not Capacity of

Materials Manpower/labour within our control Machinery

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STEPS TO SCHEDULE A PROJECT
1. Determine the work activities
2. Determine activities duration
3. Determine logical relationships
4. Draw the logic network
5. Review and analyze the schedule
6. Implement the schedule
7. Monitor and control the schedule
8. Reporting the progress and performance
9. Revise the database and record feedback

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5. REVIEW AND ANALYZE
THE SCHEDULE
• Wrong relationship
• Missing relationship
• Redundant relationship
• Logic loop
• Resources allocation and optimisation

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 RESOURCES
ALLOCATION
AND
OPTIMISATION

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RESOURCES ALLOCATION
AND OPTIMISATION
• Resource allocation @ resource schedule: putting
the right amount of resources
• Labor, equipment, material
• Objective of this is to load each activity with the
number of resources its requires and hence, calculating
its budget.
• This can allow us to compare baseline (budget, actual
cost, estimate time to complete (ETC), estimate at
completion(EAC)

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RESOURCES ALLOCATION
AND OPTIMISATION
• Resource optimization
• Resource optimization is used to adjust the
start and finish dates of activities to adjust
planned resource use to be equal to or less than
resource availability. The 2 technique of
resource optimization are:
• Resource levelling
• Resource smoothing

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RESOURCES
LEVELLING
• To maintain uniform daily use of a resource for the
entire life cycle of the project or for the longest
continuous segment of it
• To improve efficiency of resource utilization
• Start and finish dates are attuned based on resource
constraints with the goal of balancing the demand for
resources with the available supply.
• Resources where critically analysed and shared
equally based on available float
• It may affect the Critical Path to change

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RESOURCE
S
LEVELLING

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6.
IMPLEMENT
THE
SCHEDULE

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6. IMPLEMENT THE
SCHEDULE
• Process of taking paper scheduling to execution
• Need to have start and finish date.
• Don’t give choice of date to subcontractor
• Correct information is disseminated
• Best schedule to be implement is realistic and fairly
accurate.
• Commitment!

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6.
IMPLEMENT
THE
SCHEDULE
What is most important in execution
the planned work program?

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THANK YOU

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