PPE TRAINING

Selection, Usage and Maintenance

 AGENDA
01 Training Objective

02 Legal Requirements

03 Types of PPE & Its Importance

04 PPE Programme

05 Approval of PPE
 01 Training Objective

01 U n d e r s t a n d w h y n e e d t o u s e P e r s o n a l
Protective Equipment (PPE),

02 U n d e r s t a n d t y p e s o f P P E , a n d

03 H o w t o s e l e c t , u s e a n d m a i n t a i n t h e P P E .
 02 Legal & Other Requirement

1
Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994 and
its Amendment 2022

Section 24(1). General duties of employees at work.

 Employees who are provided with personal
protective equipment or clothing must wear or
use them at all times and in accordance to safety
instructions.

Section 26. Duty not to charge employees for

things done or provided.
 Personal protective equipment provided by an
employer to his employees must be made at no
cost to the employees.
 02 Legal & Other Requirement

2
Occupational Safety & Health (Use &
Standards of Exposure of Chemical
Hazardous to Health) Regulations
2000

Regulations 15(1)
The provision of approved personal
protective equipment is listed last in the
control hierarchy. Other means are preferred
over the use of personal protective
equipment.
 02 Legal & Other Requirement
3
Occupational Safety & Health (Use & Standards of Exposure of
Chemical Hazardous to Health) Regulations 2000

Regulations 16
 It is mandatory to use the personal protective equipment that is approved
by the DOSH Director General and that its use is seen as the last resort,
as an interim measure, or as to complementary measure to other
preferred control measures.

 Other requirements include the equipment’s suitability to the work, not

prejudicing the health of the employees and the equipment is readily
available for employees to use.
 OUR VISION

1 Zero Incident and Zero Legal Non-Compliance through behavior change, hence
contribute to National OSH Master Plan 2025.

2 Create safe, healthy and environmental friendly workplace for employees through
teamwork, hence contribute to National OSH Master Plan 2025.
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Head Protection
To reduce risk of exposure to
falling objects and electrical shock
Eye Protection
To reduce the risk of exposure to
chemical splashes, laser radiation,
and/or flying debris
Ear Protection
To reduce risk of exposure to noise
induced hearing loss
Respiratory Protection
To reduce risk of exposure to breathing
contaminated and/or oxygen-deficient
air when effective engineering controls
are not feasible, or while they are
being instituted
Face Protection
To reduce the risk of exposure to
chemical splashes, laser
radiation, and/or flying debris
Hand Protection
To reduce risk of exposure to
harmful substances, chemical or
thermal burns, electrical dangers,
bruises, abrasions, cuts,
punctures, fractures or
amputations
Body Protection
To reduce risk of exposure to
extreme temperature, chemical,
radioactive materials, arc flash,
infectious materials, sparks or
flames, falls and sharp objects
Foot Protection
To reduce risk of exposure to
punctures, cuts, burns, impact,
slip and etc.
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Type Selection Use Maintenance
 SIRIM-DOSH approved  Check manufacturer’s  Stored in safe place
 Appropriate shell size instructions regarding  Avoid direct sunlight or
 Replaceable sweat-band the compatibility of head in excessively hot, humid
 Easily adjustable protection with other condition.
headband, nape and types of PPE.  Inspect regularly for
chinstrap  Use helmets according to signs of damage or
 Type of hazards – manufacturer’s guideline deterioration.
Safety helmet industrial, electrical  Never drilled ventilation  Change defective
protective holes in the shell of the harness components if
helmet the design allow.
 Regularly clean the
sweatband.
 Do not paint or cover
helmet with stickers.
 Hard hats must be
replaced if they show
signs of damage. Follow
the recommendation
from manufacturer.
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Type Selection Use
 SIRIM-DOSH approved  Eye protectors issued on
 Type of hazards – Sparks a personal basis and
or radiation from arc used only by the person
welding, gas welding, they are issued to. If
laser welding, as well as they are reissued they
Face shield maintenance work of the should be thoroughly
laser machines cleaned and disinfected.
 Side shields are required
where there is a
potential of being
exposed to direct or
scattered light radiation
Maintenance
 Stored in safe place and
avoid direct sunlight or
in excessively hot, humid
condition.
 Inspect regularly for
signs of damage or
deterioration.
 Regularly clean the face
shield.
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Type Selection
 SIRIM-DOSH approved
 Type of hazards – hazardous
chemical (based on toxicity
level)
Nitrile gloves  Criteria:
i. Fit and comfortable for
wearer
ii. Suitability and compatibility  Gloves should not be
iii. Manufacturer’s instructions
and marking for level of
protection
Neoprene gloves iv. Based on Safety Data Sheet
v. Contact sequence
vi. Extend of arm exposure
vii. Environmental condition
viii. Mechanical hazard presence
 Factors in determining the
resistance of glove material
 Permeation breakthrough
Arm length gloves time
 Permeation rate
 Degradation rating
Use Maintenance
 Inspect before usage  Stored in safe place and
(free of foreign materials avoid direct sunlight or
and their shape should in excessively hot, humid
not be distorted) condition.
 Do not let chemicals  Inspect regularly for
come into contact with signs of damage or
skin deterioration (small
holes, tears, cracks). Do
worn when working near not use worn or torn
moving equipment and gloves.
machinery parts as the  Don’t wear cotton work
glove may get caught in gloves under rubber
the equipment and draw gloves
the hand and arm of the  Regularly clean the
worker into the moving gloves.
machinery
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Type Selection
 SIRIM-DOSH approved
 Type of hazards – sparks from
gas welding or polishing, and
sharp edges from transporting
work or handling metal scrap.
 Note that leather welding
gloves are required to protect
Heat resistant
the hands while welding (Gas
gloves
welding/Electric welding)
Leather gloves
Use Maintenance
 Inspect before usage  Stored in safe place and
(free of foreign materials avoid direct sunlight or
and their shape should in excessively hot, humid
not be distorted) condition.
 Gloves should not be  Inspect regularly for
worn when working near signs of damage or
moving equipment and deterioration (small
machinery parts as the holes, tears, cracks). Do
glove may get caught in not use worn or torn
the equipment and draw gloves.
the hand and arm of the  Don’t wear cotton work
worker into the moving gloves under rubber
machinery gloves
 Regularly clean the
gloves.
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Type Selection
 SIRIM-DOSH approved
 Type of hazards – possibility to
receive electric shock such as
working on or near live lines
Electrical resistant
gloves
Rubber gloves
Use Maintenance
 Before each use, each  Stored in safe place and
glove should be inflated avoid direct sunlight or
to check for air leaks and in excessively hot, humid
carry out visual condition.
inspection  Inspect regularly for
 Gloves should not be signs of damage or
worn when working near deterioration (small
moving equipment and holes, tears, cracks). Do
machinery parts as the not use worn or torn
glove may get caught in gloves.
the equipment and draw  Don’t wear cotton work
the hand and arm of the gloves under rubber
worker into the moving gloves
machinery  Regularly clean the
gloves.
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Type Selection
 SIRIM-DOSH approved
 Type of hazards – cut, sharp
edges or when handling sharp
objects such as box cutter
knives or blade of the dry film
auto cut laminator
Cut resistant
gloves
Kevlar gloves
Use Maintenance
 Inspect before usage  Stored in safe place and
(free of foreign materials avoid direct sunlight or
and their shape should in excessively hot, humid
not be distorted) condition.
 Gloves should not be  Inspect regularly for
worn when working near signs of damage or
moving equipment and deterioration (small
machinery parts as the holes, tears, cracks). Do
glove may get caught in not use worn or torn
the equipment and draw gloves.
the hand and arm of the  Don’t wear cotton work
worker into the moving gloves under rubber
machinery gloves
 Cut resistant gloves are  Regularly clean the
not strong enough to gloves.
stop the point of the
knife blade from
penetrating and
puncturing the hand
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Type Selection Use Maintenance
 SIRIM-DOSH approved  Inspect before usage  Stored in safe place and
 Type of hazards – fall from (free of foreign materials avoid direct sunlight or
height (2 meters or more) and and their shape should in excessively hot, humid
working platform is not not be distorted) condition.
provided  Harness must be worn  Inspect regularly and do
when working at a not use worn or torn
height of 2 meters or protective equipment
more above a lower level and replace with new
 Ensure to pull the one even before expiry
harness up to the waist dates.
positioning the waist belt  Indicate the date of fall
on top of the hips. protection equipment is
 The attachment point of put into service and
the body harness shall replace 5 years from the
be located in the center date equipment was put
of the wearer's back into service or follow the
Full Body Harness near shoulder level, or recommendation from
with its’ above the wearer's manufacturer.
accessories head.  Ropes and straps must
be replaced every 2
years or follow the
recommendation from
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Type Selection
 SIRIM-DOSH approved
 Type of hazards – heat, cold, bad
weather, chemical or metal splash,
spray from pressure leaks or spray
guns, impact or penetration,
contaminated dust, and excessive
wear or entanglement of own clothing.
 Choice of material includes non-
flammable, anti-static, chain mail,
chemically impermeable or high
Protective visibility materials.
clothing
Use Maintenance
 Inspect before usage  Stored in safe place and
 Should be worn at all avoid direct sunlight or in
times when handling excessively hot, humid
or working with condition.
hazardous chemical  Inspect regularly for
damage (small holes,
tears, cracks).
 Do not use worn or torn
protective clothing.
 Clothing that are totally
contaminated should be
treated and disposed as
scheduled waste (SW).
In selecting protective clothing the factors to be considered
includes:
a) Penetration of chemicals through seams, pores, zippers
and materials imperfections;
b) Degradation of clothing due to exposure to chemicals,
heat and sunlight; and
c) Permeation of chemicals through clothing, i.e. without
going through pinholes, seams or other openings.
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Type Selection Use Maintenance
 SIRIM-DOSH approved  Inspect before usage  Stored in safe place and
 Type of hazards – impact of  Always follow the avoid direct sunlight or
falling object, hazardous manufacturer’s in excessively hot, humid
chemical, antistatic & instructions and condition.
conductive, heat, wet & markings for appropriate  Inspect regularly for
slippery surfaces, etc. use and level of damage (e.g., cracks in
Steel Toe Safety  Criteria: protection. soles) and replace worn
i. Comfort  Spraying the upper or defective footwear.
Shoe
ii. Durability layers of new footwear  Replace when a shoe's
iii. Flexible with a silicone spray or steel toe/resin toe is
iv. Wet resistant applying a protective showing.
v. Absorb perspiration wax will give extra
vi. Impact protection protection against wet
vii. Ankle protection, if needed
conditions.

Wellington Boots
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Type Selection
 SIRIM-DOSH approved
 Type of hazards –dust,
fumes, aerosols, pathogenic
Disposable half mask  Air Purifying Respirator:
Disposable/Maintenance-free
half mask, half face
respirator, full face respirator,
PAPR
Half face respirator
 Supplied Air Respirator:
Supplied Air Half and full
facepiece, hoods or helmets,
and SCBA
 Principles:
Powered Air Purifying i. Level of protection
Respirator (PAPR) factor
(toxicity/concentration)
ii. Effectiveness/Fit
iii. Air leak
iv. Pressure demand
Self Contained Breathing
v. Effectiveness
Apparatus (SCBA)
vi. Mobility
Use Maintenance
 Must be worn  The employee should leave
continuously the respirator use area in
throughout the the following situations:
time when the i. To wash their faces
risk/risks are and respirator face-
present in order to pieces as necessary
to prevent eye or
achieve 100%
skin irritation
effective
associated with
respiratory
respirator use;
protection ii. If they detect vapour
 Perform fit fest or gas breakthrough,
changes in breathing
resistance, or leakage
of the face-piece;
iii. To replace the
respirator or the
filter, cartridge or
canister elements.
 Regularly clean the
respirator based on type
 Store away in non-
contaminated area
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance

Recommended Assigned Protection Factor Respirator Selection Flow Chart

 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance

Since the Assigned Protection Factor and Selection Chart will

not tell us which type of filtration media to be used, a guide is
necessary. ‘Filter Media Selection’ table is the guide to help on
selecting the filter media for certain chemicals, based on
NIOSH (USA) standard. Filter Media Selection
03 Types of PPE & Its Importance

Fit Test for Respirators

(Reusable or Maintenance-free)
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Type Selection Use Maintenance
 SIRIM-DOSH approved  Wear earplug properly  Stored in safe place and
 Ear plugs when noise by inserting it well into avoid direct sunlight or
exceed 80 dB the ear canal. in excessively hot, humid
 Ear muff when noise  For ear muff, the seal condition.
exceed 92 dB over the ear must be  Inspect regularly for
tight. The cups should signs of damage or
Ear muff completely cover the deterioration.
ears.  Regularly clean the ear
muff and ear plugs.

Ear plugs
 03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Type Selection Use Maintenance
 SIRIM-DOSH approved  Eye protectors issued on  Stored in safe place and
 Type of hazards – a personal basis and avoid direct sunlight or
chemicals, dust, used only by the person in excessively hot, humid
Safety goggles pathogenic they are issued to. If condition.
 Use safety goggles they are reissued they  Inspect regularly for
treated for anti-fog. should be thoroughly signs of damage or
cleaned and disinfected. deterioration.
 Spectacles with side-  Regularly clean the dirty
shields and goggles are lenses.
Safety glass considered ‘primary’ eye  Do not paint or cover
protectors (those that helmet with stickers.
can be worn alone or  Replace goggles if they
with ‘secondary’ show signs of wear (Do
protectors) not use goggles with
strap that has worn out)
03 Types of PPE & Its Importance
Summary of Minimum Indicators for PPE Replacement
 04 PPE Programme
1. Selection of PPE
- Medical evaluation
- Assessment of risks
- Consultation with the supplier
- Suitability of PPE

2. Issuance of PPE & Fit Testing

- Provision of PPE made known to employees
- Should be checked to ensure that it fits properly and
is worn correctly
- Employers and employees familiarize with the
potential hazards, criteria for selection & evaluation

3. Information, Instruction & Training

- All employees exposed to hazards should be trained
- If wear by non-employees, sufficient instruction
should be provided
- Induction and specific job training with follow-up
assessment
 04 PPE Programme
4. Proper Use & Supervision
- Use as per the manufacturer’s instructions
- Degree of protection afforded is greatly dependent on the
duration of use in the hazardous environment
- Usage should not create risk to the wearer or other
people at the workplace

5. Inspection, Storage, Availability & Maintenance

- Stored in a clean, fully operational condition, safe from
interference and damage, easily accessible when needed
- PPE should be inspected and replaced regularly at
intervals specified the manufacturer or supplier

6. Disposal
- Disposed PPE should be packed in a suitable packaging
and be labelled if necessary
- Use PPE when handling contaminated PPE / clothing
- Dispose as Scheduled Waste if contaminated with
hazardous chemical
 04 PPE Programme
7. Record Keeping
- Records of assessment, issuance and training of the
employees should be kept either for legal purposes or for
purpose of reviewing the programme
- Chemical Health Risk Assessment: 30 years
- Other records: As long as the employees are employed

8. Review of Programme
- Reviewed from time to time especially whenever:
- There are changes to the overall OSH policy;
- Reassessment of the CHRA; or
- Evidence that the use of PPE has not been effective
that has caused injury or health issues.

9. Workers Responsibilities
- Worker cooperation during:
- Selection of suitable PPE
- Instruction, training & education sessions;
- Proper use of PPE; and
- Care and maintenance of PPE
05 Approval of PPE

Effective 1st June 2022

All purchased PPE must have

this label on the product
and/or packaging.
References
1. P.U.(A) 131: Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standard of Exposure of
Chemicals Hazardous to Health) Regulations 2000. Malaysian government gazette:
4th April 2000.

2. DOSH Guidelines on the Use of PPE Against Chemical Hazards 2005

3. DOSH Guidelines for the Prevention of Falls at Workplace 2007

4. Brochure from Lumibright for PPE Signages in dual languages.