API610_Pump_Selection_06_2016

Mechanical Equipment
Pump Selection - API 610 – BB Products
Proud history, bright future.

Proud history, bright future.
©2019 KBR Inc. All Rights Reserved. ©2019 KBR Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Agenda
 Who We Are
 API 610 basics
 API 610 12th Edition Changes
 Pump Selection (BB Products)
 Common Options
 Pump Testing
 Questions
2 Proud history, bright future.

©2019 KBR Inc. All Rights Reserved.
SPX Flow – Who We
Are

Company Overview
 SPX Flow - An Introduction
 SPX Flow manufactures and markets engineering solutions and products used to process,
blend, meter and transport fluids. We also offer equipment for air and gas filtration and
dehydration. Our leading brands have global operations which service the food & beverage;
power & energy and industrial processes.
 ClydeUnion Pumps – An SPX Flow Brand – Generations of Experience
 Whilst the name is relatively new, the ClydeUnion Pumps brand is known worldwide for
supplying reliable and robust engineered pumping solutions stemming from over 140 years
of industry expertise. Our experience spans across several complex industries including oil
and gas, nuclear and conventional power generation, desalination and other key markets
relevant to our product portfolio.

Our End Markets

Power & Energy

Transformation – Who we are today

ClydeUnion Envious Heritage
 Over 140 Years of Engineering Heritage

Highly Diversified Pump Portfolio

API 610 Basics

API 610 Basics
 API 610 Standard is for Heavy Duty Centrifugal Pumps in the Petroleum,
Petrochemical, and Natural Gas Industries.
 Usually associated with Hydrocarbon applications, but applies to any services

exceeding any one of the following:
 Discharge pressure: 275 psig/1900 kPa/19 bar

 Suction pressure: 75 psig/500 kPa/5 bar
 Rated head: 400 ft/120 m
 Impeller diameter (overhung pumps): 13 in/330 mm or greater
 API 610 is often seen as a guideline however it is up to the End User to decide
whether they will require API compliance.
 Often Hydraulic Institute is used as a guide or acceptance for test tolerances.

API 610 12th Edition
Changes

API 610 12th Edition Changes
 11th edition defined “high energy” as pumps having a head per stage >
650 ft (200 m) and power per stage > 300 hp (225 kW)
 No clear consensus on the definition of ‘high energy’ or what it entails.
Agreement between vendor and customer on specifications and
requirements
 Some boiler feed pumps or even critical, large, un-spared pumps may fall
in to this category as well, depending on factors such as head per stage.
 A change was made to re-label these pumps as “Special Purpose” and a
new Annex is being added for these pumps.
 Note ‘B’ gap limits for pumps > 650 ft/stage and >300 hp (225kW) still
pertain.
 Pumps falling under ‘Special Purpose’ will be considerably fewer than
previously defined ‘High Energy’ pumps.

 In the past API 610 specified that an “energy density”
(pump rated power x rated speed) greater than 5.4x10^6
hp/min required a sleeve/tilting pad bearing arrangement
with pressurized bearing lubrication. The 12th edition will
change that from “all” to “most” services. Pipeline
operators have routinely operated BBx type pumps with
sleeve-ball bearing arrangements successfully at energy
densities as high as 14.3 x 10^6 hp/min. Higher limits
based around OEM’s experience.
 Shaft speed at the bearing to be kept at 59 feet/second or

less which is deemed sufficient to ensure satisfactory
performance with sleeve-ball bearings.

 All flanges are to conform to pressure ratings and dimensional requirements of ASME B16.5
 Piping NPS 1” and smaller shall be gusseted in two orthogonal planes to increase the rigidity of
the piped connection
 All pumps to be supplied with gland guards – rigid guard not required
 Pump discharge performance data to contain nine points of data, previously five points
 Pump suction performance data to contain eight points of data, previously four points
 Parallel operation pumps to be within ±3% of each other within the preferred the operating region
(70 – 120% of BEP)
 20 year minimum service life deleted

Pump Selections
API 610
(BB) Product Lines

API 610 – Pump Categories

API 610 - BB Products Range
 Pumped Fluid
 If below 0.7 API recommends radially split
 Temperature will drive mounting and
pump sealing
 Duty Conditions
 Head and Flow will further reduce
options
 Suction pressure also key driver
 NPSHR characteristics
 Speed options
 Installation Space
 Nozzle orientation
 Slower pump (low NPSHR) = larger pump
 Half speed = 1/2 flow and 1/4 head
 VFD and/or gear adds space

API 610 – BB1 Model Designation
 Axially split, one- and two- stage
between bearing pump
 For medium-high flows with low-
medium head requirements
 Flow rates to ~65,000 USgpm
 Equipped with double suction
impeller for reduced NPSHR
 Two stage available with single
suction impeller
 Can be centerline or foot mounted
 Key Applications
 Crude Oil & Petroleum Products
(Pipelines)
 Water Transfer
 Other Process / High Pressure Duties

 Radially split, one- and two- stage between
bearing pump
 Radial split design allows for better sealing at high
pressures / temperatures or low densities
 Capable of medium flow rates of ~15,000 USgpm)
 Equipped with double suction impeller for reduced
NPSHr
 Two stage pumps available as single or double
suction
 Temperatures up to 800°F
 Key Applications:
 Crude Oil & Petroleum Products
 Other Process / High Pressure Duties
 Water Injection
 Gas Processing

 Axially split, multistage (3+ stages)
between bearing pump
 Capable of very high discharge heads (10,000+ feet)
 Capable of high speeds (>6000+ RPM)
 Often equipped with double suction impeller for
reduced NPSHr.
 Opposed impeller design to balance pump thrust
 Take off (bleed) option
 Recently applied on low SG product (>0.35 SG)
 Crude Oil & Petroleum Pipelines
 Boiler Feed
 Water Injection

 Single casing, radially split, multistage between bearing
pump
 Radial split design offers better sealing at high pressures and low
densities
 Predominantly power / utility pump
 Capable of very high discharge heads (10,000+ feet)
 Capable of high speeds (6000+ RPM)
 Stacked impeller design (balance disk / drum)
 Boiler Feed
 Water Injection

 Double casing, radially split,
multistage between bearing pump
 Radial split design offers better sealing
at high pressures and low densities
 Capable of very high discharge heads
(13,000+ feet)
 Capable of high speeds (6000+ RPM)
 Ideal for low density fluids
 Petroleum Pipelines
 Boiler Feed
 Water Injection

Pump Design
Differences
(BB) Product Lines
API 610

Axially Split vs Radially Split

Volute vs Diffuser
 Volute - Benefits
 Wider performance band – case &
impeller
 Thrust loads balanced within one stage
pressure
 Can be used on axially split pumps
 Trim potential of ~70% of max.
diameter
 More tolerant to particles passing
through pump
 Higher degree of performance change
with hydraulic re-rate
 Rotor can be incrementally balanced
 Size for size higher critical speed due to
center sleeve and bush
 Volute - Limitations
 Lower peak efficiency
 Larger diameter for given head

Volute vs Diffuser
 Diffuser - Benefits
 Higher head for given diameter
 Higher peak efficiency
 Excellent distribution of radial
loads
 Smaller barrel allows for higher
hydro-test values
 ‘Potentially’ lower cost due to
size
 Diffuser - Limitations
 Less flexible on trim
 More time consuming to
assemble
 Requires finer clearances

Bearings (BB Products)
 Bearing Requirements:
 Allow element to rotate
 Absorb thrust generated by rotor
In-Line
Back toArrangement
Back Arrangement
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Bearings – Ball/Ball (BB Products)
 Standard Anti-friction Ball/Ball
Bearing Assembly
 Designed for minimum 40,000 hour L10
life (API610 25,000 hr)
 Surpasses the API limits for oil sump
temperature and bearing temperature
rise
 Angular contact bearings with machined
brass cages
 Rapid bearing stabilisation achieves
operating temperatures well within API
limits
 INPRO™ bearing isolators throughout,
give reduced contamination for improved
bearing life
 Proven reliability in a wide range of
applications, speeds and environments

Bearings – Sleeve/Ball (BB Products)
 Optional Sleeve Ball / Ball
Bearing Assembly
 Energy density applications
beyond ball/ball bearing limits
and/or thrust bearing speed / life
 Available for applications up to
and beyond API limits
 Hydrodynamic radial bearing and
optimally sized angular contact
thrust bearings designed for
100,000 hour L10 life, under
stable operating conditions
 Proven reliability on unattended
pipeline pumping stations

Bearings – Sleeve/Tilt Pad (BB Products)
 Optional Sleeve / Tilting Pad
Bearing Assembly
 High speed pumps up to 6500 rpm
 High power pumps up to 6.75 MW
 Designed for infinite life
 Optimised designs available to
withstand extreme transients in high
energy applications
 Proven reliability in the most
demanding service conditions

Bearings – Balance Drum (BB Products)
 Available on high speed and 2-pole
product
 Non-contacting full radial clearance
 No axial clearance therefore no risk
of axial contact
 Pump withstands transients and
flow changes without wear
 Excellent frequent start-stop cycle
capability
 Absorbs up to 95% of hydraulic
thrust loads, the remainder being
compensated by generously rated
thrust bearings
 Long operating life

Bearings Options (BB Products)
 Bearing Options - Type:
 High Thrust (In-Line) :
 Balance Drum or Disk
 Medium Thrust (Back to Back) :
 Ball/Ball, Ball/Sleeve or
Sleeve/Tilting Pad
 Bearing Options - Cooling:

 Fan cooling – DE / NDE
 Cooling water
 Product cooling
 Force feed system
 Bearing Options -
Instrumentation:
 Vibration : Spot Face /
Accelerometers / Probes
 Temperature : RTD probe or String

Typical Product Options (BB Products)
 Hydraulics  Mechanical
 Bespoke hydraulics  Dual axial impeller retention
 1st stg impeller – series, large eye,  Hot alignment (usually >500°F)
double suction  Bleed connection (uncommon)
 De-staging  LOS
 VFD
 Instrumentation  Gearbox
 RTD’s – pump, motor, gear  Baseplate design
 Accelerometers  Rotordynamic analysis
 Proximity probes
 Mechanical Seals
 Axial thrust / keyphaser
 Single vs. dual / tandem
 Bearing Cooling  Seal plans
 Fan cooling DE & NDE, inboard &  Dry running (gas) seals
outboard  Other
 Water / product cooling via insert  Painting
 Water jacket (hot standby)  Material certifications
 Documentation

Pump Testing
(BB) Product Lines
API 610

Pump Testing Requirements
 Why Test Pumps?
 Ensure product safety – (Hydrotesting)
 Ensure product performance – (Performance Testing)
 What Gets Tested?

 Scope is down to end user
 The greater the scope the greater the lead time & cost
 API mandates:-
 Basic CMTR’s for pressure components
 LPI on key areas
 Hydrotesting for 30 minutes on all pressure retaining parts

Hydro-test
 Hydrotesting
 Completed for a minimum of 30
minutes
 Pressure retaining components
are blanked off and water is
pressurised to 1.5 x MAWP
 Pumps are tested without rotors
or seals
 Equipment must hold pressure for
30 minutes
 Options
 Often witnessed
 Occasionally request air test –
usually on low SG applications
 Wetting agents occasionally used

Pump Performance Test
 Pump Testing
 Standard discharge performance with
five points of data (shut-off to runout)
 Bearing housing and/or proximity
readings taken at four flows (excludes
shut-off)
 Bearing temperatures
 Pump testing time ~30 minutes
 Options
 NPSHR testing
 Mechanical 4hr run
 Complete unit testing
 Witnessed / observed testing

Types of Pump Testing

Pump Performance Test Tolerances
 Pump Testing
 Discharge head ± 3%
 Power up to + 4%
 No efficiency guarantee
 Minimum 10% head-rise on parallel operation
 Rated condition to be within 80-110% of BEP
 Shut-off not taken on high energy pumps
 NPSHR3 no negative tolerance at rated condition / NSS limit 11,000
 Shut-off ± 10% below 250ft head, ± 5% between 250-1,000ft and ± 3% above 1,000ft head
 Vibration – 3.00mm/s RMS (2.00mm/s RMS discrete) / 2.0 mils pk-pk. All readings +30% outside
preferred region
 Bearing oil temperature <39°C rise or not to exceed 82°C
 Noise level readings are for information only

Alternate Training Topics
 Training
 Reciprocating Pumps 101
 Valves 101
 Pump Testing 101 / 201 / 301
 Pump Hydraulics
 Hydraulic Performance Characteristics
 Mechanical Seals / Seal Plans (API 610 / 682)
 Mechanical Design
 Hot Service
 Viscous Service
 Low SG Pumping

 Questions?


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Mechanical Equipment

Pump Selection - API 610 – BB Products

Proud history, bright future.

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 Usually associated with Hydrocarbon applications, but applies to any services

 Discharge pressure: 275 psig/1900 kPa/19 bar

 Often Hydraulic Institute is used as a guide or acceptance for test tolerances.

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 Shaft speed at the bearing to be kept at 59 feet/second or

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 Bearing Options - Cooling:

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 What Gets Tested?

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 Minimum 10% head-rise on parallel operation

 Rated condition to be within 80-110% of BEP

 Shut-off not taken on high energy pumps

 NPSHR3 no negative tolerance at rated condition / NSS limit 11,000

 Bearing oil temperature <39°C rise or not to exceed 82°C

 Noise level readings are for information only

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