The 78xx (sometimes LM78xx) is a family of self-contained fixed linear voltage regulator integrated circuits

For ICs within the family, the xx is replaced with two

digits, indicating the outputvoltage (for example, the 7805 has a 5 volt ) The 78xx line are positive voltage regulators:
There is a related line of 79xx devices which are

complementary negative voltage regulators

Pin No 1 2 3

Function Input voltage (5V-18V) Ground (0V) Regulated output; 5V (4.8V5.2V)

Name Input Ground Output

1. connect pin #1 to source (input voltage), pin #3 to the load (output), pin #2 to ground. 2. at the input 100 uF electrolytic capacitor, at least 25V (the higher capacitance is better, its to make sure that the source will provide the energy for prompt consumption from the 7805 regulator 3 At the ouput connect 0.1uF ceramic capacitor (for noise filtering) and in parallel anoher high capacitance (at least 10uF) electrolytic capaciotr ( 6.3V or higher) also in order to provide the energy for prompt consumption from the load

The TO-220 is a style of electronic component

package, commonly used for transistors, siliconcontrolled rectifiers, and integrated circuits.
The "TO" designation stands for "transistor outline"

A notable characteristic is a metal tab with a hole,

used in mounting the case to a heatsink. Components made in TO-220 packages can dissipate more heat than those constructed in TO92 cases.

Can be used in high-power and highcurrent applications where equivalent components of other cases may be susceptible to damage. Mounting with the tab ensures the component to be held firmly in place

More costly than equivalent components of other cases Footprint requires considerably more surface area on a printed circuit board than other case styles, especially when heatsinks are used In the case of chassis-mounting, space must be dedicated to the components and/or their heatsinks, thereby increasing production costs.

 Output Current up to 1A Output Voltages of 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24V Thermal Overload Protection Short Circuit Protection Output Transistor Safe Operating Area ProtectionDescription

The MC78XX/LM78XX/MC78XXA series of three

terminal positive regulators are available in the TO-220/D-PAK package and with several fixed output voltages, making them useful in a wide range of applications Each type employs internal current limiting,thermal shut down and safe operating area protection, making it essentially indestructible

. If adequate heat sinkingis provided, they can

deliver over 1A output current.

78xx series ICs do not require additional components to provide a constant, regulated source of power, making them easy to use, as well as economical and efficient uses of space 78xx series ICs have built-in protection against a circuit drawing too much power. They have protection against overheating and short-circuits, making them quite robust in most applications

The input voltage must always be higher than the output voltage by some minimum amount (typically 2 volts As they are based on a linear regulator design, the input current required is always the same as the output current This means that the total power (voltage multiplied by current) going into the 78xx will be more than the output power provided. The extra input power is dissipated as heat Generally inappropriate for applications requiring more than a few amps of current.