FINDING ANSWERS THROUGH DATA

COLLECTION
Ms. Jelica N. Alvarez​​
THE OBSERVATION METHOD
 Observati on involves the use of our sensory systems
(including eyes and ears) to record behavior. These
measures are the basic data used to describe naturally
OBSERVATI occurring behavior or to assess the eff ects of our
ON independent research variable. Therefore, they must be
gathered with care. Observati ons such as these (judgments
that behavior has or has not occurred)

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 2. DEVELOP
1. SELECT THE OBSERVATIONAL
RESEARCH SITE. PROTOCOL.
-This refers to the site where you can best -The observational protocol is a method used
understand your central for recording observation
phenomenon or topic being studied. Gaining notes. It includes both ―descriptive or those
access through letter of consent about what happened and
is a prerequisite first step that a researcher ―reflective or learning based on what have
must do. been observed.
STEPS IN THE 3. FOCUS THE 4. DETERMINE YOUR
PROCESS OF OBSERVATION. ROLE.
OBSERVING - B e f o r e w r i t i n g a n y n o t e s, t h i n k o f wh a t c a t c h e s y o u r
-What will you be as a researcher?
(CRESWELL, attention. There
wi l l b e a l o t i n t h e si t e , b u t f o c u s y o u r o b se r v a t i o n Will you be a participant observer
2007 o n l y o n wh a t wi l l h e l p y o u
u n d e r st a n d y o u r r e se a r c h q u e st i o n . or non-participant observer?

5. RECORD FIELD NOTES. 6. SLOWLY WITHDRAW.

-Using the Observation Protocol, -After observation, slowly
record what you observe using your
withdraw by thanking the
five senses. The observation should be
participants for their
arranged chronologically or in order.
time.

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THE INTERVIEW METHOD
 Interviewing is one method by which
qualitative data can be gathered. Although it
INTERVIEW may be less formal than quantitative, it is
important to design a systematic interview
technique as well as carefully validated data.

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STEP 1: GETTING TO
KNOW EACH OTHER
Naturally, seeing each other for the
first time, your tendency would be
to talk with each other to establish
friendship and a relaxed mood for
both of you.
STEP 3: STARTING THE
INTERVIEW
Encourage the respondent to talk
about himself or herself,
including his or her age, family,
current activities.
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STEPS IN CONDUCTING
AN INTERVIEW
STEP 2: HAVING AN IDEA STEP 5: PUTTING AN END
OF THE RESEARCH TO THE INTERVIEW
Tell the respondents about the Signs of the approaching end of the
nature of the interview—its purpose, interview work to alert the
importance, scope, and so on. respondent in winding up with his or
her talking.
STEP 6: PONDERING OVER
STEP 4: CONDUCTING INTERVIEW
THE INTERVIEW PROPER AFTERTHOUGHTS
Gives the respondent the opportunity to
Interview questions in this step are on the
ask questions about the interview activity
interviewee’s open and extensive talking of
and let him or her have an idea
things related to the research theme or
about what will happen next to the interview
research questions and on those anticipated
results.
by him/her or emanating from his/her
explanations, descriptions, or narrations of
things.
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 PARTS OF INTERVIEW

BASIC OPENING QUESTION CLOSING INSTRUCTIONS

INFORMATION
ABOUT THE
INTERVIEW
INTRODUCTION CONTENT QUESTIONS

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