Nutrition

Importance of carbohydrates
 Proteins
• 1. Structure
• 2. Enzyme
• 3. Oxygen storage and transport
• 4. Antibodies
• 5. Cell surface receptors
• 6. Energy
• 7. Hormones
• etc
 Importance Carbohydrates
• 1. Glucose for energy
• 2. Glucose from glycogen
• 3. After glycogen, glucose is produced from proteins
• 4. If glucose in excess, the excess glucose into fat
 Lipids
• 1. Energy
• 2. stored in body as fats
• 3. Terpenes found in plant hormones like Gibberlins.
• 4. Phospho-lipids in plasma membranes and other organelle membranes of all the cells.
• 5. Wax which is a Lipid. It is of various types:
• ---> Cerumen (Ear wax): protect the entry of bacteria and insects and also to amplify sound.
• ---> Lanolin (Wool Wax): in the wool of animals to protect them against the ravages of climate and the
environment.
• --> Beeswax is produced by bees and it is used for making candles.
• 6. Cutin in the stems and leaves of plants to prevent loss of water.
• 7. Sphingolipids are found in myelin sheath of Nerve cells.
• 8. Glycolipids are found in grey matter and white matter of the brain.
• 9. Prostaglandin helps in induction of labour pain for normal birth of child. They also cause Bronchio
dialation and decreases secreation of HCL in stomach. It is used for treating asthma.
• 10. Cholesterol a steroid lipid helps in the synthesis of Vitamin D.
• Cholesterol forms hormones like testosterone, estrogen, progestrone, cortisone, aldosterone, cortisol. It
also prevents breakdown of plasma membrane
• 11. Suberin is a simple lipid. It is present in the cork cells of plant to provide strengthening.
• 12. Vitamin A, D, E and K are derived lipids.
 Balanced Diet
A diet based on
starchy foods such as potatoes, rice and pasta
plenty of fruit
vegetables
some protein-rich foods such as meat, fish and lentils
some milk and dairy foods
some fat
salt or sugar

This diet will give you all the nutrients you need
 Food Groups
• 1. Starchy foods, such as bread, rice, potatoes and pasta
• 2. Fruit and vegetables
• 3. Proteins containing such as meat, fish, eggs and beans.
• 4. Dairy and dairy foods.
• 5. Fats and sugar
 Classes of Nutrients
• Carbohydrates
• Fats
• Dietary Fiber
• Minerals
• Proteins
• Vitamins
• Water
Thank You