CHRISTU JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY &SCIENCE

Colombo Nagar,Yeshwanthapur,Jangaon-506167,Telangana
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE &ENGINEERING
MINOR PROJECT PRESENTATION
On

Metal Detector
Project Guide HOD PRESENTED BY:

Mr. Ramesh Mr. Sanyasi Rao S. Madhan (22681A0454)

Manu (22681A0450)
Bhavani (22681A0457)
Navya (22681A0403)
Agenda
1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. Requirements
4. Procedure
5. Methodology
6. Advantages
7. Disadvantages
8. Conclusion
 Abstract

This project constructs a simple circuit to demonstrate basic conductivity principles.

While not a true metal detector, it utilizes a battery, metal nails, wires, and a buzzer.
When the nails touch another metal object, the circuit completes, and the buzzer sounds.
This offers a hands-on exploration of circuits but lacks the AC and magnetic field properties needed for real metal detection.
The project serves as a foundation for further exploration into building,
a functional metal detector using these advanced principles.
Introduction
Metal detectors are invaluable tools used in various fields, from
security applications to archaeology. Their functionality relies on
scientific principles beyond simple detection. This project serves as a
springboard for understanding these principles by introducing the
concept of conductivity through a hands-on circuit building experience.
We will explore how a basic circuit reacts when a conductive path is
created, laying the groundwork for further exploration of how metal
detectors utilize electromagnetism to identify metals
1 Requirements
1. Battery
2. Two metal nails
3. Current wires
4. PVC pipe
5. Buzzer
6. Switch
7. Plaster
•Battery: A battery is a container that stores chemical energy and converts it into
electrical energy.
The battery in the image is likely a standard AA battery, which providesdirect
current (DC) power to the circuit.

•Two metal nails: These are common nails used in construction.

In this project, they serve as probes to conduct electricity when they touch metal.

•Current wires: These are insulated wires that allow electricity to flow through
them.
The specific type of wire will depend on the amount of current the circuit carries.
•PVC pipe (not shown in your image): An optional PVC pipe can be used to house the
circuit components and protect them.

•Buzzer: A buzzer is an electronic device that emits a sound when activated by electricity.
The buzzer in the circuit will sound when the two nails touch metal, indicating a complete
circuit.

•Switch: A switch is a component that controls the flow of electricity in a circuit. The switch
in this project allows you to turn the circuit on and off. When the switch is off, the circuit is
incomplete, and the buzzer won't sound.

•Plaster (not shown in your image): Plaster is a moldable material that can be used to
secure the components in place.

•Connecting wires: These are additional wires used to make connections between the
different components in the circuit.
Procedure

• connect the +ve terminal of the battery and +ve terminal of the buzzer

to switch

• Now take two metal nails and connect them with two different wires

• Then connect one wire to -ve terminal of battery and connect another

wire to -ve terminal of buzzer

1.1 Methodology (Working)
1.2 Methodology (Working)
• The project uses a battery as the power source.
•When two nails make physical contact with a metal object while a power source is

supplying

electricity:

•Electrical conduction will occur through the nails and the metal.

•If a buzzer is also connected within the circuit formed by the nails, the metal, and the

power source:

•The current flow will cause the buzzer to activate and produce sound.
Advantages

• Simple and Affordable: This project uses readily available materials,

making it inexpensive and suitable for beginners.
• Teaches Basic Circuits: Building the circuit helps understand how
components like batteries, switches, and buzzers work together in a
closed circuit.
• Visual Demonstration: Seeing the buzzer activate upon touching
metal provides a clear demonstration of conductivity.
• It is used for identification of metal
 Disadvantages
•Limited Functionality: This is not a true metal detector. It detects any conductive material completing the

circuit, not specifically metals.

•No Metal Differentiation: It can't distinguish between different types of metals.

•Low Sensitivity: The detection range will be limited due to the basic DC circuit.

•False Positives: Touching your body or other conductive objects can trigger

the buzzer due to the non-specific nature of the detection.

• The metal should touch to both nails

• It doesn't identify metals which are coated with paint

Conclusion
This project built a basic circuit to demonstrate conductivity. While it
detects conductive materials upon contact, it's not a true metal
detector. For real metal detection, we'd need to explore AC and
magnetic fields to create a more advanced system. This project serves
as a springboard for building a functional metal detector using these
principles.
Thank You