EQUATING

SCHOOL
WITH
HUMAN
SOCIETY
What is a school?
• Merriam-Webster Dictionary: “An institution for
the teaching of children.”

• Oxford English Dictionary: “An institution for

educating children and young people, in which
they receive instruction in various subjects
according to a set curriculum.”

• John Dewey: “a social institution for children and

for classrooms to provide learning opportunities
that allowed students to engage in appropriate
social interactions with their peers.”
What is a society?
• Cambridge Dictionary: a large group of people
who live together in an organized way,
making decisions about how to do things and
sharing the work that needs to be done.

• Society refers to a group of persons who share

a culture, government, institutions, geographic
land.

• A person can belong to several societies at a

time religious, professional, and social.
SIMILARITIES Organizational Structure
Both have hierarchical structures
OF SCHOOL
AND HUMAN Roles and Norms

SOCIETY Both operate under a set of rules and

Schools often function as a microcosm of
human society. Schools and human
societies share several similarities,
including:
norms that govern behavior
Roles and Responsibilities
Individuals within both schools
and societies have specific roles
and responsibilities.

Socialization
Both serve as environments for
socialization.
SIMILARITIES OF SCHOOL AND
HUMAN SOCIETY

Education and Conflict Community and

Development Resource
Allocation Resolution Belongingness

Schools are institutions Both involve the Both have Both provide a sense
for formal education allocation of resources mechanisms for of community and
and personal such as time, money, resolving conflicts. belonging
development and materials.
RELATIONSHIP • Schools shape children’s perceptions of
BETWEEN SCHOOL the world, the values, beliefs, and norms of
& SOCIETY society are internalized within children so
that they come to think and act like other
members of the society
• Schools help in building a nation

• Education and Literacy

• Civic Education
• Cultural Preservation and National Identity
• Economic Development
• Social Cohesion and Equity
• Innovation and Critical Thinking
• Health and Well-being
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN SCHOOL
& SOCIETY

• A good society is the product of a good

school system and a good school system is
the product of a good society. So, there must
be intimate relationships between the school
and the society.
 RELATIONSHIP • School is the representative of society:
⚬ Schools are a special institution that strives
BETWEEN SCHOOL for the fulfillment of the desires of society.
⚬ School is nothing but a reflection of the
& SOCIETY needs of society

• Society provides a line of action to

education (School)
⚬ The school cannot decide its objectives
by itself.
⚬ For the realization of the objectives of
education, educational institutions are
established in the society
 SECTION 13. The State recognizes the vital role of the
youth in nation-building and shall promote and protect
their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social
well-being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and
nationalism, and encourage their involvement in public
and civic affairs.

SECTION 17. The State shall give priority to education,

science and technology, arts, culture, and sports to foster
patriotism and nationalism, accelerate social progress, and
promote total human liberation and development.

THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE

PHILIPPINES – ARTICLE XIV
EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ARTS,
CULTURE AND SPORTS

In a research by Spiel, et. al (2018). The contribution
of education to social progress. They distinguish
among
four distinct aims of
education;
economic, civic, humanistic, and equity promotion
to understand the connection between education and
social progress.
Education develops productive
skills, and this is valuable for
the individual, to advance in the
labor market and for society,
to improve and maintain prosperity
and compete in a
globalized economy.
Education develops human talents
and interests, and this is valuable
for the individual, allowing for
personal nourishing, and for
society, since the expansion of
knowledge and human
achievements are valuable for their
own sake.
Education develops civic skills, and
this is valuable for the
individual, to allow for meaningful
participation in civil society and
political life, and for society, to
benefit from an informed and
engaged citizenship.
Education can be a vehicle for
equity and greater social
inclusion, or when absent,
poorly delivered or unfairly
distributed, a vehicle for injustice
and greater social exclusion.
Schools as social
agents and social
critics
 Interactionist
Perspective

Interactionists see
Credentialism degrees as symbols of
status and power

Functional
Schools supply the needed manpower Perspective
requirements of industry and labor. To do this, it
Functionalists suggest that Critical
provides credentials or certifications to many Perspective
credentials are necessary for
individuals going to school. Credentialing is the
society’s survival and job Critical theorist argue that
mechanism by which schools give credentials
opportunities school credentials are
(grades) and degrees that determine the job
weapons to gain power and
opportunities available to individuals in society
social or economic
advantage
Political
Integration
Schools promote political
integration and develop a
sense of national identify
that stabilizes the political
system
Critical
Perspective
Critical theorists contend that the
commonly accepted political ideology,
principles, and philosophies must be
periodically revisited, redefined,
evaluated, and reframed since they may
not hold true today or may be irrelevant
with the passing of time
Functional
Perspective
Conflict
Functionalism contends that Perspective
education has positive effects on
School is an
the attitudes toward the political
indoctrinating agent of
landscape of a given country.
that state to extend its
political ideology
Research and Critical
Perspective

Development Research, change, and

innovation are the expected
functions of schools, yet
institutions often resist
change, which affects routine
Functional work tasks
Perspective

The functionalist paradigm

Schools are the guardians believes that schools assure that Conflict
of the society’s future dysfunctional knowledge, Perspective
attitudes, and skills are replaced by
Conflict theorists believe
functional ones.
that the research agenda
of the poor and elite is
being emphasized.
Thank You
For Your Attention
Prepared By:
JOHNDY V. DEGAMO