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ZEN and HINDU BUDDHISM
ZEN and HINDU BUDDHISM
ZEN and HINDU BUDDHISM
IT IS EQUALLY IMPORTANT to
NOTE THAT:
Zen requires an intense discipline which, when practiced
properly, results in total spontaneity and ultimate freedom. .
The essence of ZEN is the attempt to understand the
meaning of life directly, without being misled by logical
thought of language.
Aims of Education:
Curriculum:
• It is mainly religious to attain Nirvana.
• It includes teaching of Buddha & Dharma-Shastras and
Sutta, Binaya and Dhamma Pitak.
• For general students, Vedas, Puranas, grammar,
astronomy, medicine, mathematics were included.
• The knowledge of Sanskit was necessary for
higher education.
• Worldly and spiritual aspect of education were
included
BUDDHISM AS EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY
Teaching Methodologies:
• Based on discussion, preaching and repetition.
• Mental and moral development was emphasized to attain
BODHISATTVA.
• Art of writing was developed and taught in verbal.
• Other methods are question-answer, discussion, logical arguments,
tours, conferences, and meditation in solitude.
• The medium of instruction was common language.
ROLE OF TEACHERS
• They are BHIKSHUS who have spent ten years as a monk and
must have the purity of character, thought and generosity.
• They must have high mental order so that they might teach their
students the religion and nobleness.
holds that one’s actions (including one’s thoughts) directly determine one’s
life, both one’s current life and one’s future life.
Trimurti is a concept in Hinduism in which the
cosmic functions of creation, maintenance, and
destruction are personified by the forms of
Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, and
Shiva the destroyer or transformer.
◾ The State and the society did not ◾ The education was fully and compulsorily
in any way interfered with the residential. The student had to live in the
curriculum of studies or house of his teacher for the whole
regulating the payment of fees or duration of his studies and learn from him
hours of instructions. not only what was taught but also
observed how his teacher responded to
different situation arising in daily life and
learn from it.
UNIQUENESS OF ANCIENT INDIAN EDUCATION:
◾ Stress was laid on ◾ Education was absolutely free and the teacher
having a personal looked after the primary needs of the students
relation between the including food and clothing.
teacher and the student.
Each student used to
meet the teacher
separately and learn ◾ Upheld the dignity of labor. Hence, even a student
from him through aiming the highest philosophical knowledge, was
separate instruction and duty bound to do some manual labor such as
guidance. collecting fuel, tending to domestic animals.
AIMS OF EDUCATION
◾ In the Vedic system, education of ◾ In the Vedic system, education of a child commenced with the
a child commenced with the ceremony called UPANAYANA.
ceremony called ◾ A child must leave his / her parents’ home and stay in the
VIDYARAMBHA. house of his teacher to commence his study. He is then called,
◾ It was marked by learning BRAHMACHARIN.
the alphabets for the first time ◾ UPANAYANA ceremony was conducted by BRAHMIN.
and offering worship to
◾ BRAHMIN is a specialized priest, teacher, and protectors of
Goddess SARASWATHI.
sacred learning across generations.
◾ SARASWATHI is the Hindu
◾ Indian texts suggested that Brahmins were often
Goddess of knowledge,
music, arts, wisdom and agriculturists and warriors in ancient and medieval India.
learning.
CURRICULUM
COMMENCEMENT OF EDUCATION OF WOMEN
EDUCATION – 10 YEARS OLD
◾ In the Vedic system, education of a ◾ Women were trained with the art
child commenced with the ceremony of housekeeping, music and
called KSHATRIYA. dancing.
◾ To protect society by fighting
wartime and governing in peacetime.
◾ SADYODWAHAS – a woman who
prosecuted studies till their marriages.
◾ In the Vedic system, education of a ◾ BRAMHAVADINIS – a woman who
child commenced with the ceremony did not marry and pursued their
called VAISHYA. studies throughout their lives.
◾ Vaishyas are landowners, traders and
money-lenders.
Methodologies
◾ Education in ancient India was more of seminar type where students used to learn
through discussions and debates.
1. ACHARYA – a type of teacher who taught his 1. Teacher are given very revered position and
pupils without charging fee. treated with respect and honor.
2. UPADHYAYA – adopted teaching as a 2. Teacher is a parent to the pupils.
profession to earn his livelihood. 3. Teachers and students lived together in
3. CHARAKAS – known as wandering scholars; Residential schools.
toured the country in quest of higher
4. Students completely submit themselves to the
knowledge.
teacher.
4. GURU – earned his livelihood after imparting
5. The teacher is deeply involved with the student
education to his disciples and maintain his
and understand all his strength and
family.
weaknesses.
5. SIKSHAKA – gave instruction in arts like
6. The teacher looks toward all-around
dancing
development of the student
THANK YOU & GOD BLESS