Presentation on Hydro Electric power project

By Akhil Verma B.Tech

Department of civil Engineering
Engineering college Jhalawar
Rajasthan
 CONTENTS

• Introduction to Ratle Hydro Electric Power project.

• Introduction to Hydro Power Project.
• Overview of the plant.
• Plant features.
• Conclusion.
Introduction to Hydro Electric Power Project

• Hydropower, or hydroelectric power, is one of the oldest and

largest sources of renewable energy, which uses the natural
flow of moving water to generate electricity. Hydropower
currently accounts for 31.5% of total U.S. renewable electricity
generation and about 6.3% of total U.S. electricity generation.
• Hydropower, or hydroelectric power, is a renewable source of
energy that generates power by using a dam or diversion
structure to alter the natural flow of a river or
other body of water.
 How a Hydroelectric Power System Works?

.Flowing water is directed at a

turbine.
.The flowing water causes the turbine
to rotate, converting the water's
kinetic energy Into mechanical
energy.
.The mechanical energy produced
by the turbine is converted into
electric energy using a turbine
generator.
Advantages

• No fuel required.
• No air pollution.
• Can easily work during high peak daily loads.
• Prevents floods.
Disadvantages

• Disrupts the aquatic ecosystems.

• Disruption of surrounding areas.
• Requires large areas.
• Large scale human displacement.
Introduction to Hydro Electric project

• The project discuss construction of 133 m high (from deepest

foundation level) concrete gravity Dam, underground circular steel
lined pressure shafts/penstocks, an underground Power House
accommodating 4 units of 205 MW (Francis type). Also, a unit of 30
MW is envisaged to utilize the stipulated continuous release of
environmental flows.
• Ratle HE Project (850 MW), is a Run of River Scheme located on River
Chenab, of Jammu & Kashmir. The nearest airport is Jammu 215 km
and Broad Gauge Rail Head is Udhampur 155 km away from Project
Headquarters.
Overview of the plant

• Hydropower plants capture the energy of falling water to generate

electricity. A turbine converts the kinetic energy of falling water into
mechanical energy.
• Then a generator converts the mechanical energy from the turbine
into electrical energy.
Parts of Hydro Electric power plant

Dam Raises the water level of the river to create falling water.
Also controls the flow of water. The reservoir that is formed to
store energy.
Turbine The force of falling water pushing against the turbine's
blades causes the turbine to spin. A water turbine is much like a
windmill, except the energy is provided by falling water instead of
wind. The turbine converts the kinetic energy of falling water into
mechanical energy.
Generator Converts the
mechanical energy from the turbine
into electric energy. Generators in
hydropower plants work just like the
generators in other types of power
plants.
Transmission lines Conduct
electricity from the hydropower
plant to homes and business.
 Plant features

• Plant Capacity: 850 MW.

• Type of Power: Under Ground.
• House Type of DAM: Concrete Gravity.
• Type of Turbine: Francis.
• Full reservoir level(FRL): 1029.00 m.
• Height of Dam: 133 m.
 Major Components of Hydro Power Project

1. Forebay and Intake Structures

As the name suggests forebay is an enlarged body of water in front of
intake. The reservoir acts as forebay when penstock takes water directly
from it. When canal leads water to the turbines the section of the canal
in front of turbines is enlarged to create forebay. The forebay temporarily
stores water for supplying the same to the turbines. The water cannot be
allowed to pass as it comes in the reservoir or the canal. At intake gates
are provided with hoist to control the entry of water. In front of the gates
trash racks are provided to prevent debris, trees, etc.
 2. Head Race
They carry water to the turbines from the reservoir. The choice of
open channel or a pressure conduit (Penstock) depends upon site
conditions. The pressure conduit may be in the form of a flared
intake passage in the body of the dam or it may be a long conduit of
steel or concrete or sometimes a tunnel extending for few
kilometers between the reservoir and the power house.
 3. Surge Tank

A surge tank is a storage reservoir fitted at some opening

made on a long pipe line or penstock to receive the rejected flow
when the pipe line is suddenly closed by a valve fitted at its steep
end
A surge tank, therefore, relieves the pipe line of excessive
pressure produced due to its closing, thus eliminating the positive
water hammer effect. It is done by admitting in the surge tank a
large mass of water which otherwise would have flown out of the
pipe line, but returns to the tank due to closure of pipe end.
It also serves the purpose of supplying suddenly an additional flow
whenever required by the hydraulic prime movers at any instant.
 Conclusion

The Industrial training at the Hydro Power Project, Drabshalla

was highly successful. We received insight of the whole project
right from the Construction of Diversion tunnel, Main Access
tunnel, Laying of bridge deck Slab, etc. The whole process was
explained in- detail by respective Engineers at site with detailed
description about each civil works. This kind of industrial
exposure helped us to absorb the theoretical and practical
aspects of Power Projects and Power Engineering
more efficiently.