REVIEW IN

MEDIA AND INFORMATION

LITERACY
SHS COMPREHENSIVE EXIT EXAM 2024
Media and Information
Literacy (MIL)
UNESCO defines Media and
Information Literacy as “a set of
competencies that empowers citizens to
access, retrieve, understand, evaluate
and use, to create as well as share
information and media content in all
formats, using various tools, in a critical,
ethical and effective way, in order to
participate and engage in personal,
professional and societal activities.”
Which among the following best describes a
media literate individual?
A. Easily use all types of computer hardware and software
and other forms of new technology
B. Use and find information of all types in a university
library, including computer sources, microfilm, and
indexes/abstracts
C. Read, analyze and critically evaluate information
presented in a variety of formats (television, print, radio,
computers, etc.)
D. Critically evaluate television programs and see-through
persuasion techniques
You are living in the 21st Century, where people are
dependent on technology. Imagine waking up one day to
find no Internet, libraries, and cell phones. Newspapers,
magazines, radio stations and TV channels have also
disappeared. How would it affect your way of living?

A. It will become difficult to contact anyone especially in

emergency.
B. People will become more active at work and will be less
dependent on technologies by which they will be healthier.
C. Some diseases may not be cured and we wouldn’t know what
caused them.
D. All of these
MEDIA AND INFORMATION
SOURCES

.edu and .gov websites?

wikipedia?
looking for sources of info?
With the recent disagreement of country’s
leaders on ‘War on Drugs’ and ‘Extrajudicial
Killings’ a lot of information are being fed in
mass and social media. As a citizen, you must:

A. be critical and investigative on the information being

fed.
B. be one-sided in accepting information.
C. contribute to the bullying and word wars on social
media.
D. produce malicious report against one of the
personalities.
MEDIA AND INFORMATION
SOURCES

1. Indigenous Media
2. Library
3. Internet Sources
4. Human Source
1. Indigenous Media
 Indigenous media is defined
as forms of media expression conceptualized,
produced, and circulated by indigenous peoples
worldwide as vehicles for communication,
including cultural preservation, cultural and
artistic expression, political self-determination, and
cultural sovereignty.
 Indigenous media
is also known as community media
— it refers to any form of media
utilizing indigenous knowledge that is made
and managed by, for, and about the
community.
Characteristics of Indigenous Media
• The oral tradition of communication
• Stores information in memories
• Information exchange is face-to-face
• Information is contained within the border of the community
• Knowledge is unique to a given culture and society
• Relayed through people media and community media
Forms of Indigenous Media
1. Folk or traditional media
2. Gatherings and social organizations
3. Direct observation
4. Records (written, carved, oral)
5. Oral instruction
2. Library
 A library is a building
or room where literary, musical, artistic,
or reference materials
(such as books, manuscripts, recordings, or films)
are kept for use but not for sale.

role?
3. Internet
Sources
 Internet is a global computer network
providing a variety of information and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected
networks
using standardized communication protocols.
As there is so much information available
and because such information can be published
quickly and easily by anybody at any time,
you must be vigilant in choosing
reliable sources.
4. Human
Sources
 A human "source" is roughly defined
as a person who contributes information to a piece of
reportage, whether or not it is ultimately
published or aired in any venue.

Any person can be a source of data or information, such as

newscasters, teachers, detectives, and the like.
Responsible Media and
Information User?

you seek to …
 Think of it …
• Popular media cannot reach some rural areas.
• Indigenous media and information are highly
credible because they are near the source and
are seldom circulated for profit.
• Ignoring indigenous media and information
can result in development and education
programs that are irrelevant and ineffective .
 What kind of shot will a
cameraman employ, if he
wants to project the strong
emotion and tension present
in the scene?
FAIR USE AND
PROTECTION
 COPYRIGHT
A copyright is a collection of individual rights
that you automatically have once you create an
original work that is fixed in a tangible medium
like a photograph, a book, or an mp3 file. These
rights include the right to reproduce the work, to
prepare derivative works, to distribute copies, to
perform the work publicly, and to display the work
publicly.
 COPYRIGHT
As the copyright owner, you can transfer an
individual right or multiple rights to one or more
people or collectively transfer them to one or
more people. This can be accomplished through
licensing, assigning, and other forms of
transfers. Being a copyright owner also allows
you to control whether and how your work is
made available to the public.
 TRADEMARK
A trademark is a word, phrase, symbol, and/or
design that identifies and distinguishes the
source of the goods of one party from those of
others. A service mark is a word, phrase,
symbol, and/or design that identifies and
distinguishes the source of a service rather than
goods. Examples include brand names, slogans,
and logos. (The term “trademark” is often used
in a general sense to refer to both trademarks and
 PATENT
A patent protects inventions. These inventions
can include new and useful processes,
machines, manufactures, compositions of
matter as well as improvements to them. The
primary goal of the patent law is to encourage
innovation and commercialization of
technological advances.
It is the ability to recognize when
information is needed, and to locate,
evaluate, and effectively communicate
information in its various formats.
A. Information Literacy C. Media and Information Literacy
B. Media Literacy D. Technology Literacy
 Text refers to a simple and flexible format of
presenting information or conveying ideas
whether hand-written, printed, or displayed
on-screen. It is available in different sources
whether formal or informal.
TEXT MEDIA
Formal text-based are created and distributed
by established institutions and go through a
rigorous process of editing or evaluation.
Informal text-based on the other hand, come
from personal opinions or views on different
issues. 37
Design Principles and Elements of
Text

38
 EMPHASIS
Use different size, weight,
color, contrast and orientation
to present text with greater
value. Image: “Yay! Party!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

A P P R O P R I AT E N E S S
Using the right font,
content and tone of
presentation based on the
target audience or
event.
Image: “Congrats!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

39
 SPACE

Use space to create focus and

strategically make other texts
stand-out.

Image: “Yay! Party!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

ALIGNMENT

Use text alignment to set symmetry,

formality or free style.

Image: “Felipenas!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

40
 CONSISTENCY
Use at least 2 or 3 colors, font styles and design styles
for the whole composition or content.

Image: “Free hugs!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

41
Click icon to add picture Click icon to add picture Click icon to add picture Click icon to add picture
On your output, your teacher criteria
are to give your designs a sense of
realistic effects, tactility and depth.
Which design element will you use?
A. pattern B. color
C. texture D. space
Which of the following is NOT an
example of visual media?

A. screenshots B. video
C. data visualization D. painting
STORY
BOARD
It describes what happens in your
video by making thumbnail of
images. It usually looks like a
comic strip.
Making story boards before
filming helps you to plan more
effectively, finalize your ideas and
predict possible problems during
production.
Few of the opportunities
provided by the internet to
empower people:
1. E-commerce Influencer
2. Citizen Journalism/Watchdog
Influencer
3. Tourism Promoter