PAST SIMPLE

VS
PRESENT PERFECT
PAST SIMPLE TENSE
past simple tense is used for actions that happened and were
completed in the past.
Time expressions ( yesterday , two weeks ago , last year or specific
dates)
Form:-
Regular Verbs: Add -ed to the base form (e.g., talk > talked).-
Irregular Verbs: Use the irregular past form (e.g., go > went).
questions: use "Did" + subject + base form "Did you play tennis on
Sundays?"
negative:, use "did not" + base form "I did not finish my work."

CASES:
Completed Actions: "I finished my work."-
Habitual Past Actions: "She played tennis on Sundays."-
Past Events in Sequence: "He entered the room, sat down, and
started writing."
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
present perfect tense It expresses an action or state that began in the past and is relevant to the
present moment.
Time expressions ( ever , never, before , so far , since, for ,several times , already and yet).
Form:-
Regular Verbs: Use "have/has" + past participle e.g. "I have walked," Irregular Verbs: Use "have/has"
+ irregular past participle e.g. "I have gone”
negatives add "not" after "have/has" e.g. "I have not finished"
questions use "have/has" with the subject e.g. "Has she arrived?“

CASES:
1.Unfinished action: I have worked here for six months .
2. Life experiences :She has visited Paris three times.
3. Unfinished time periods: Used with words such as ( this month , this week , today) She has drunk
three cups of coffee today.
4. Finished actions with present results: I have lost my keys ( so i can't get into my house now)
5. Introducing news or recent events : Used with words such as ( just , yet , already , recently)I have
just seen lucy.
Some examples of contrasting pairs using the past simple tense
and the present perfect tense:

1. Past Simple: "I met John at the party last night.“

Present Perfect: "I have met John before.“

2. Past Simple: "She finished her homework two hours

ago."
Present Perfect: "She has finished her homework.“

3. Past Simple: "They went to Italy last summer."

Present Perfect : "They have been to Italy.“

4. Past Simple: "He bought a new car in 2015."

Present Perfect : "He has bought a new car.“

5. Past Simple: "We saw the movie on Friday."

Present Perfect: "We have seen the movie."