MASONRY BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

VAULTS
DOME DEFINITION
A DOME IS A ELEMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
THE HOLLOW
THATRESEMBLES(FEATURE)
UPPER HALF OF THE SPHERE.
DOME IS ROUNDED VAULT MADE OF
CURVED SEGMENTS,
MEANING AN ARCH
ROTATED AROUND ITS CENTRAL AXIS.
A MASONRY DOME PRODUCESAN
THRUST(SLOPE) DOWNWARDAND
OUTWARD SO DOMES CAN BE DIVIDED
INTO 2 KINDS:SIMPLE AND COMPOUND ,
DEPENDING ON THE USE.
A DOMECAN BE SUPPORTEDBY
COLUMNS OR PIERS THAT TRANSITION TO
THE DOME THROUGH QUENCHES OR
PENDENTIVES.
TYPES OF DOME

❖GEODESIC DOME
❖ HEMISPHERICAL DOME
❖ UMBRELLA DOME
❖ ONION DOME
❖ OVAL DOME
GEODESIC DOME
GEODESIC DOMEIS A SPHERE
OR SAY PARTIAL SPHERICAL
STRUCTURE BASED ON A
NETWORK OF GREAT CIRCLES
ON THE SURFACE OF A SPHERE.
THE TRIANGULA ELEMENTS
FORMED
R BY NETWORK MAKES IT
RIGID AND ALSO HELPS I
DISTRIBUTING STRESS
OF THE
N
STRUCTURE.
ITS MAIN IS THEJOINTS
THAT THEWHOLE
PARTCOMPLETES
SPHERE.

Spaceship Earth At Epcot Walt Disney

World A Geodesic Sphere
HEMISPHERICAL DOME
➢THE HEMISPHERICAL DOME IS HALF OF A SPHERE.

Gol gumbaz, Karnataka Cathedral at Valencia, Spain

UMBRELLA DOME
THESEARE A TYPE OF DOME
DIVIDED AT THE BASE INTO
CURVED SEGMENTS, WHICH
FOLLOW THE CURVE OF THE
ELEVATION.
THE "RIBS" OF A DOME ARE THE
RADIAL LINES OF MASONRY THAT
EXTEND FROM THE CROWN
DOWN TO THE SPRINGING.

St.Peter's basilica, Rome

ONION DOME
AN ONION DOME IS A DOME WHOSE SHAPE RESEMBLES AN ONION.
SUCH DOMES ARE OFTEN LARGER IN DIAMETER THAN THE DRUM UPON
WHICH THEY SIT, AND THEIR HEIGHT USUALLY EXCEEDS THEIR WIDTH.
IT IS A TYPICAL FEATURE OF EAST SLAVIC CHURCHES, ESPECIALLY IN RUSSI

St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow

OVAL DOME
AN OVAL DOME IS A DOME OF OVAL SHAPE IN PLAN, PROFILE, OR BOTH.
THE TERM COMES FROM THE LATIN OVUM, MEANING "EGG“.

Residential building
St. Peter's Basilica
 DEFINITION
VAULT
A VAULT IS A CEILING OF BRICK , CONCRETE , STONE , TIMBER , ETC BUILT
IN PRINCIPLE OF ARCH.

TYPES 0F VAULTS
• BARREL VAULT
• GROIN VAULT
• RIB VAULT
• FAN VAULT
TYPES OF VAULT
BARREL VAULT
A BARRELVAULTIS GENERALLY SEMI-
CIRCULAR IN CROSS SECTION .
THE BARREL VAULT IS THE SIMPLEST FORM
OF A VAULT ,EFFECTIVELY A SERIES OF
ARCHES PLACED SIDE BY SIDE,
I.E.,ONE
AFTER ANOTHER.
THE BAREL VAULT IS THE MOST STRAIGHT
FORWARD SINGLE CURVATURESHELL
CONSTRUCTION.

TWO TYPES OF BARREL VAULTS :

1. LONG SPAN BARREL VAULTS
2. SHORT SPAN BARREL VAULTS
GROIN VAULT
THE WORD “GROIN” REFERS TO THE EDGE BETWEEN THE INTERSECTING VAU
A GROIN VAULT IS CREATED BY TWO BARRELVAULTS INTERSECTING AT
RIGHT
ANGLES.THE ARCHES OF VAULTS ARE ROUNDED OR POINTED.
A GROIN VAULT ALSO
KNOWN AS A DOUBLE BARREL VAULT.

the Palladio’s Palazzo della Ragione, Vicenza

RIB VAULT
RIBBED VAULT IS DEFINED AS THE INTERSECTION OF TWO OR THREE BARREL
RIB VAULTS IS REINFORCED BY MASONRY RIBS.
THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF RIB VAULT
➢QUADRIPARTITE
RIB VAULT: WHEN TWO MASONRY RIBS DIVIDING INTO 4
SECTIONS.
➢SEXPARTITE RIB VAULT: WHEN THREE MASONRY RIBS DIVIDING INTO 6 SEC

Cathedral of Reims, France

FAN VAULT
A FAN VAULT IS A FORM OF VAULT USED IN THE
GOTHIC STYLE,
IN WHICH THE RIBS ARE ALL OF
THE SAME CURVE AND SPACED EQUIDISTANTLY,
IN A MANNER RESEMBLING A FAN.

Bath Abbey, South aisle

King's College Chapel, Cambridge
THANK
YOU