8 CPM411 Light and shadow

Photography
Composition and lighting

light shadow reflection, abstract,
lines, color….
prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

dept 2013
Photographic lighting techniques
• Understanding light is at the heart of

successful photography. Light is the tool we
use to create images. More than any other
element in our images, light reveals the very
nature of our subject because it can single-
handedly convey – even alter – its character to
the viewer.

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Important of light
• Using light to reveal shape
• Using light to reveal form
• Using light to reveal texture
• Using light to evoke emotion

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Lighting Study
• Portrait (front, side, back & quarter front)
• Sunset or Sunrise (landscape or seascape)
• Shadow (any subject)
• Reflection (any subject)
• Texture
• Window Light (portrait or still life)
• Night Photography

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Lighting-how light behaves in different everyday
situations
sunny afternoon
The main source of light is
the sun.
the blue sky supplies a
second source of light.
Bounce Light (other
source

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Light direction
• The direction that we view a light source from
has a profound effect on our perception of it,
and on how the objects in a scene will appear.
• also on the emotions your image will convey.
• Choosing which direction your main light is
coming from is one of the most important
decisions

dept 2013
Front Lighting
the light source is directly
behind the viewer's point
of view
can make things look flat-

no shadow, no texture
and no form
However soft diffused frontal lighting can also be quite flattering to some subjects
for this very reason - it can help conceal wrinkles and blemishes and so is quite
often used in portrait and product photography.

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Soft frontal lighting smooths over form.

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Side lighting
very good for showing
form and texture and lends
a three-dimensional
quality to objects.
Shadows are prominent
and contrast can be high
as a result---dramatic.
encountered at the beginning and end of the

day and as such is often seen in films and
photographs.

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Side lighting can be used to
great effect to reveal form
and texture.

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The texture of this wall is
revealed by the light of the
evening sun raking across it.

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Back lighting
where the viewer is
looking into the light
source, and objects ---
appear either as
silhouettes or darkly lit
by the fill light.
It is usually a high contrast
situation and can often
look very atmospheric and
dramatic.
If the light source is at a slight

angle relative to our point of view
objects will have a rim of light
defining one or more of their edges prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo
dept 2013
Back lighting can make even the most mundane subjects
look appealing.

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It is also a very effective way of
revealing translucency.

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Top lighting
top lighting is
rarely used by
artists
unusual situation, although it is common in overcast daylight.

It can also be encountered in sunshine at midday, in some
interiors and in other situations such as stage lighting.
In soft light it is an effective way of showing form.
Under hard light it can lend an air of mystery by casting
dramatic
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Lighting a figure from
straight above can give a
broody and menacing
look. It emphasizes bone
structure and the depth of
the eye sockets.

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Lighting from below
…the very rarity of this kind
of lighting can be used to
creative effect…can be used
to create specific moods by
manipulating the lighting to
convey emotions and
responses…

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Lighting a figure from
below creates a spooky
and unfamiliar look, even
the highlights in the eyes
look strange because of
their placement. Notice
how the angle of the
light also emphasizes

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Natural light
The source of all our natural light is the sun,
however it takes on different characteristics at
different times of day and in different weather
condition

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clouds
• Clouds also have a major impact on both the color
and the character of sunlight.
• Clouds are translucent, which means that they let
light pass through them, but in a diffuse manner
• The effect that this diffusion has on sunlight is to
soften it, turning a small hard light source (the sun)
into a large and soft one (the whole sky).
• Color is also profoundly affected by cloud cover, since
clouds conceal the blue sky and the light coming from
it.

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Cloudy day

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• Midday sunshine
• Late afternoon/early evening
• Sunset / sunrise
• Dusk
• Open shade
• Overcast
• Night

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Middy sunshine

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Midday lighting

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Late afternoon lighting

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You can clearly see the strong yellow cast of
the evening sun on the chimneys of Battersea
Power Station in this photograph.

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Evening light is attractive enough to give a pleasing
glow to almost any subject, this photograph would
be very boring without the pleasing light.

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Sunset

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Sunsets are quite short and the light changes very fast, a scene like this
will only last for a couple of minutes before the sun disappears below the
horizon.
Contrast is very low, and here the light of the sun and that of the sky
are very close in intensity as they shine on these rocks.

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Dusk
Dusk is a very special
time of day with
unpredictable but
often very beautiful
lighting. Since the sun
is no longer above the
horizon the sky itself
is the only source of
natural light. As a
result the light is very
soft, with little
shadow and contrast
and the colours can
be very delicate.

dept 2013
The pink eastern sky is very obvious in this image - you may not
notice it very often but this color is very common in the sky after
sunset. Notice how dark non-reflective surfaces such as foliage
become, whereas more reflective surfaces such as the cranes sill
look quite light.
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Here the very delicate
dusk skylight is
reflecting pink and blue
from the water and the
boat.

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Open shade lighting
In open shade the
sky becomes the
main source of
illumination, and as a
result the light has a
strong blue cast.
Light in open shade can also be reflected from the environment,

nearby walls for instance. Foliage and other surfaces can also
reflect light into shady areas, with resulting effects on the colour of
the light.

dept 2013
The strong blue cast of open shade is clearly visible on these
steps. Despite the fact the light is very diffuse you can see it still
has a strong direction and is coming mostly from above, the
other directions being hidden by walls.

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overcast
Overcast light
comes in a few
varieties,
depending on the
thickness of the
cloud and the
time of day.

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Because of the low contrast and relative neutrality of
overcast light colours can appear very saturated. Notice
the large soft highlights in the red leaves created by the
reflection of the sky. On a sunny day these highlights
would be much smaller and harsher.

dept 2013
The diffuse light from the sky shows the form of
these grapes but the contrast is soft enough that
very little is lost in total shadow. Again the
colours are very saturated.
dept 2013
Window light
Window light is how we generally see natural light

indoors.--the light is quite soft (since a window is a large
source)--attractive and very photogenic.--contrast is
relatively high despite the soft light source--with
multiple windows contrast can be lower since there will
be more fill light.
dept 2013
Although there is direct sunlight coming into this room it affects only a
relatively small area. Most of the light on the walls and furniture is coming
from a reflection of this sunlight or the diffuse light provided by the window
itself. Notice the red colour on the far wall, which is probably a reflection
from the curtains. Also note the high contrast that the sunlight creates, the
highlight areas are very bright.
dept 2013
Here is an illustration of how
soft the light from a window
can be. The photo was taken in
overcast weather and the
window is acting like a giant
softbox for this portrait. The
closer the subject is to the
window, the softer the light. -
he edges of the shadows are
blurred and the transitions
between light and dark are
softened.

dept 2013
House hold tungsten lighting

dept 2013
This is a fairly typical interior with several lights used to create atmosphere, notice
the various methods used to soften the light with lampshades and by bouncing
the light off the wall. As a result of using a number of diffused lights in this
manner there are no hard shadows. In this image I've tweaked the white balance
to make it a lot less orange as the real colour of tungsten lighting doesn't look
realistic, but using a mellower suggestion of orange looks quite convincing and
conveys the colour we actually perceive ourselves.
dept 2013
Fluorescent
lights
Fluorescent lights are primarily used in situations where cost is a

factor, their colour temperature is usually greenish, and despite the
fact that our brain can compensate for the white balance we still
perceive the light as being quite ugly

dept 2013
Mixed lighting

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Mixed lighting indoor

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Mixed lighting outdoor

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Fire / candle light

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Candle light
Candle light

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Composition
pattern

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Pattern

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Symmetry : balance

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texture

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Depth of field

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Lines : perspective

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Line : Horizontal

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Lines : vertical

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Diagonal lines

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Diagonal lines

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Geometric Shapes

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Rules of thirds

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Rules of thirds

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Cara ini dilakukan apabila anda bersedia untuk mengambil gambar
dengan membahagikan frem kepada tiga bahagian melintang
Dan tiga bahagian menegak.
Garian yang bertembung di namakan sebagai titik minat “point of interest”

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framing

dept 2013
Leaving Space Behind Moving Subjects – Composition

dept 2013
Learn to
see
abstractly

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Rediscovering Backlit Subjects

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Using focal point

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abstract

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Breaking the silence

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Fruit and Flowers...two of nature's greatest offerings...and a "Pearfect" compliment to one
another. Still life shot outdoors, available light. Effects added in PSE.

dept 2013
• Description: I placed three eggs inside a vase lying on its side on a glass
surface, and photographed the image using indirect natural light.

dept 2013
• Description: Side window light...1.3 sec f 11. Toned and layered for
background texture in PS.
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Shady Spot
Description: A Shady spot under a white umbrella

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http://hiviz.com

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• Magic One Morning
Description: Taken just after
dawn at Cades Cove in the
Great Smoky Mountains
National Park
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• Autumn On The Water
Description: Taken with a 100-400 lens at about 8 feet with bright
back lit morning light reflecting off the waters of the Susquehanna
River, Lock Haven, Pa.
F 5.6 1/1250th prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo
dept 2013
Rise And Shine
Description: Foggy morning on Crooked
Lake.
80-200mm F9/5 at 1/350. prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo
dept 2013
dept 2013
TRAVEL PHOTOGRAPHER TIPS
Each place we visit has its own particular
look, character, and ambiance.
If we want photographs of our travels to be
good and lasting, we should capture all of
these qualities,
and say as much about a place as give the
literal look of it.

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prepared by s m. shahrizal m. hussin photo
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prepared by s m. shahrizal m. hussin photo
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GOOD LUCK
• Thank you
• Do your best in your assignment
• Sept 2013 – Jan 2014
Presented by m.shahrizal m.hussin

pica_qq79@yahoo.com

dept 2013

8 CPM411 Light and shadow

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8 CPM411 Light and shadow

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Photography

Composition and lighting

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

• Understanding light is at the heart of

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

can make things look flat-

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

encountered at the beginning and end of the

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

If the light source is at a slight

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

unusual situation, although it is common in overcast daylight.

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

Light in open shade can also be reflected from the environment,

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

Window light is how we generally see natural light

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

Fluorescent lights are primarily used in situations where cost is a

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo

prepared by m. shahrizal m. hussin photo