VOLTAGE CONTROL

The voltage-control action can be explained through a simplified block representation

of the SVC and power system shown below.
The power system is modeled as an equivalent voltage source Vs behind equivalent
system impedance Xs as viewed from the SVC terminals.
The system impedance Xs indeed corresponds to the short circuit MVA at the SVC bus
and is obtained as
Xs = (Vb / Sc). MVAb in p.u.
Where, Sc = the 3 phase short circuit MVA at the SVC bus Vb = the base line-line
voltage MVAb = base MVA The SVC bus voltage is given by
Vs = VSVC + ISVC Xs
The SVC current thus results in a voltage drop of ISVC Xs in phase with the system
voltage Vs. The SVC bus voltage decreases with the inductive SVC current and
increases with the capacitive current.
The intersection of the SVC dynamic characteristic and the system load line provides
the quiescent operating of the SVC as illustrated in the below figure.
• Characteristics of the simplified power system and the SVC
• The voltage control action in the linear range is described as
VSVC = Vref + XsIsvc
Where ISVC is positive if inductive and ISVC is negative if capacitive.
• It is emphasized that the V-I characteristics described here relate SVC current
or reactive power to the voltage on the high-voltage side of the coupling
transformer.
ADVANTAGES OF THE SLOPE IN THE SVC DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
1. Substantially reduces the reactive-power rating of the SVC for achieving
nearly the same control objectives.
2. 2. Prevents the SVC from reaching its reactive-power limits too frequently.
3. 3. Facilitates the sharing of reactive power among multiple compensators
operating in parallel.