Graphite : Where

Science meets Art

CHEM-7206

1
Contents
• Introduction and History
• Formation and Structure of Graphite
• Types of graphite
• Properties
• Synthesis of graphite
• Applications
• Mining and Production
• Environmental and Health Concerns
• Worldwide Production and Consumption of Graphite in 2021
• Challenges and Future of Graphite
2
Graphite: Where
Science meets Art • Graphite is a unique material that
blends science and art, making it a
favorite among artists and scientists.
Graphite’s chemical structure and
physical properties have been studied
for centuries, while its use in drawing
and sketching has become an art form.

3
History:

• Graphite (first used for writing by Greek) - called it “molybdos” and used it to mark sheep.
• In the 16th century (deposits of graphite)
• In the late 18th century (methods of production)
• In the 19th century (industrial applications)
• During World War II (nuclear reactors)

4
Formation and Structure of graphite

 Graphite is formed from carbon-rich materials that are subjected to high pressure and temperature
over millions of years.
 It has a unique atomic structure that consists of layers of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal
pattern.
 The crystal structure of graphite is highly ordered and gives it its characteristic properties.

5
 Types of Graphite

Amorphous Synthetic
Flake Graphite Vein Graphite
Natural Graphite Graphite Graphite

6
Properties of Graphite

Physical properties Chemical properties

 Color  Inertness
 Hardness  Reaction with water
 Luster  Reaction with oxygen
 Melting point  Resistant to chemicals
 Density  Non-flammable
 Slipperiness
 Electrical and thermal conductivity
 Coefficient of thermal expansion
7
Synthesis of
Graphite

8
Applications

Graphite is used in the refractory industries for its high thermal

Refractory Industry conductivity and chemical stability

Graphite is used as a conductor of electricity and is used in batteries,

Electrical industry fuel cells, and electronic devices.

Automotive industry Graphite is used in brake linings and clutch plates.

It is also used in aerospace industries for its lightweight and high-

Aerospace industry strength properties

Graphite is also used in the production of sports equipment such as golf

Sports equipments clubs, tennis rackets, and fishing rods

9
Graphite mining and Production

• The major graphite producers include China, Brazil, India and Canada.
• The mining process involves extracting graphite from underground
mines and processing it to remove impurities.
• The production process involves grinding the raw material and
shaping it into desired form.

10
Environmental and
Health Concerns

There are no known dangers to land or water

from the inert graphite found in soils and stream
or river sediments. Although crystalline silica, a
frequent impurity in graphite, is thought to be
carcinogenic, graphite itself is not thought to be
harmful and is not a classified carcinogen.
Graphite is regarded as an unwelcome dust.

11
Worldwide Production and Consumption- 2021

Graphite production in 2021 Graphite consumption in 2021

12
Challenges of Graphite
Graphite also has some challenges, including high
cost, environmental concerns related to mining and
production, difficulty in machining, and health
hazards associated with exposure to graphite dust.

13
 • Graphite is an important material with a

Future of bright future. Emerging applications of

graphite include its use in the production of

Graphite lithium-ion batteries, which are used in

electric vehicles and renewable energy
storage.

14
 Graphite is a versatile material that embodies
the convergence of science and art. Its diverse
applications, ranging from pencils to high-tech
Conclusion composites, make it an essential component of
modern society. Additionally, its use in art has
contributed to the creation of some of the
world’s most beautiful works.

15
 Thank You
for your attention

16